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WorksheetsCritical Review in Philippine History
Total questions: 75
Worksheet time: 38mins
Which of the following best describes José Rizal's approach to colonial resistance?
Violent rebellion
Nonviolent reform through education and writing
Isolation from political activity
Collaboration with the Spanish authorities
Why is Andres Bonifacio not considered the first Philippine president despite leading the Katipunan?
He was not elected through formal means
He never claimed the title of president
Emilio Aguinaldo had greater Spanish support
He died before independence was declared
What sets Melchora Aquino, or “Tandang Sora,” apart as a revolutionary figure?
She wrote anti-Spanish poems
She led a women's battalion
She provided food and shelter to the Katipuneros
She was elected as the Katipunan president
Why did Apolinario Mabini earn the title “The Sublime Paralytic”?
He led a naval resistance while paralyzed
He continued to govern and write political doctrines despite being paralyzed
He was paralyzed due to torture
He died in battle without ever walking
What ideological difference did Mabini have with Aguinaldo’s leadership?
Mabini wanted to ally with America
He pushed for a monarchic system
He opposed elite dominance and cronyism
He supported annexation to Spain
Why did Gabriela Silang emerge as a unique figure in Philippine revolutionary history?
She was the first woman elected in the government
She fought with her husband and continued after his death
She was a spy for the Americans
She was a religious leader turned rebel
What distinguishes Macario Sakay’s resistance movement after the Philippine-American War?
He surrendered and collaborated with Americans
He declared himself President of the Tagalog Republic
He was a traitor to Aguinaldo
He led peaceful negotiations with Americans
What was the primary reason José Rizal was executed by the Spanish government?
He led a direct revolt
He refused to convert to Catholicism
His writings were accused of inciting rebellion
He killed a Spanish friar
Who was the Filipino hero known as the “Brains of the Revolution”?
Emilio Aguinaldo
Marcelo H. del Pilar
Apolinario Mabini
Antonio Luna
What was the most significant contribution of Marcelo H. del Pilar to the Philippine propaganda movement?
He created revolutionary weapons
He founded the Katipunan
He published satirical and anti-friar articles in La Solidaridad
He trained Filipino soldiers in Spain
Which statement best defines Antonio Luna’s vision for the Philippine army?
A mercenary force supported by the U.S.
A weak, defensive force
A disciplined, unified military resistant to factionalism
A guerilla-style militia
What caused Luna’s death despite his contributions to the army?
Spanish execution
Illness
He was ambushed by Aguinaldo’s loyal men
He was killed by Americans
Who is the only Filipino awarded the title “National Hero” by legislative proclamation?
Emilio Aguinaldo
José Rizal
Andres Bonifacio
None; no official law declares any National Hero
What was Gregoria de Jesus' key role in the Katipunan?
Head of propaganda
Spy for the Spanish
Custodian of documents and recruiter of women
Military leader
Which of the following best explains the importance of the La Solidaridad newspaper?
It announced Katipunan codes
It was a Spanish government propaganda
It voiced Filipino aspirations in Spain
It published novels of Rizal
Who was the first woman to lead a revolt against Spanish colonial rule?
Gabriela Silang
Teresa Magbanua
Tandang Sora
Princess Urduja
What significant action did Teresa Magbanua take during the revolution?
Acted as a war nurse
Led troops in Panay
Published revolutionary papers
Delivered arms to Mindanao
How did Emilio Jacinto’s work influence the Katipunan?
He was a financier
He was Bonifacio’s rival
He was the brains behind the Kartilya ng Katipunan
He served the Americans
Who among the following is most recognized for pushing secularization and Filipino control of churches?
José Rizal
Gomburza
Emilio Aguinaldo
Antonio Luna
Which revolutionary hero later collaborated with the American government?
Apolinario Mabini
Antonio Luna
Emilio Aguinaldo
Macario Sakay
What was Bonifacio's title in the Katipunan?
Supremo
General
Kapitan
Padre
What does the martyrdom of Gomburza symbolize in the national consciousness?
Spanish religious power
The danger of rebellion
Injustice of colonial rule
Power of education
What was the role of Juan Luna in the propaganda movement?
Military leader
Playwright
Painter who inspired nationalism
Priest
Why was Jose Rizal opposed to the revolution of 1896?
He supported Spain
He preferred reforms over violence
He feared Filipino victory
He was anti-Katipunan
Who is known as the “Mother of the Philippine Red Cross”?
Melchora Aquino
Aurora Quezon
Gregoria de Jesus
Teresa Magbanua
What was the major contribution of Leona Florentino to Philippine heritage?
Armed resistance
First female revolutionary
Literature and feminist poetry
Red Cross founder
What unites Rizal, Bonifacio, and Mabini in their ideology?
Advocacy for Spanish loyalty
Deep Catholic faith
Nationalism and Philippine independence
Belief in monarchy
Why did Aguinaldo’s declaration of independence on June 12, 1898, lack legitimacy?
It was done without a full congress
No other nations recognized it
Spain had not yet been defeated
All of the above
Which of the following was a common challenge faced by women revolutionaries?
Illiteracy
Gender discrimination and exclusion
Support from friars
Paid salaries
What can be learned from the lives of these heroes today?
That violence is the only way to gain freedom
That colonialism is justified
That love of country demands sacrifice
That only men can be heroes
Who is recognized as the "Brains of the Katipunan" for his contributions in structuring the Katipunan’s political and revolutionary framework?
Emilio Aguinaldo
Andres Bonifacio
Emilio Jacinto
Marcelo H. del Pilar
Which hero was deported to Guam for his involvement in the Propaganda Movement and later became a respected statesman in the American period?
Mariano Ponce
Apolinario Mabini
Artemio Ricarte
Pablo Ocampo
Known as "The Sublime Paralytic", he was the intellectual backbone of the Philippine Republic. Who is he?
Marcelo H. del Pilar
Emilio Aguinaldo
Apolinario Mabini
Felipe Calderon
Who was the first Filipino general to fight the Americans in Iloilo after the Treaty of Paris?
Gregorio del Pilar
Martin Delgado
Macario Sakay
Ananias Diokno
Who was the revolutionary hero of Bicol who was known as the “Freedom Fighter of Camarines Sur”?
Wenceslao Vinzons
Elias Angeles
Jose Maria Panganiban
Leon Kilat
What was the profession of Jose Maria Panganiban, one of the lesser-known propagandists, before joining the Propaganda Movement?
Doctor
Journalist
Lawyer
Priest
Which woman led a local resistance against Spanish colonial troops in Ilocos and is considered one of the earliest Filipina heroines?
Trinidad Tecson
Gabriela Silang
Teresa Magbanua
Melchora Aquino
Teresa Magbanua was known as the “Visayan Joan of Arc.” What was unique about her leadership during the revolution?
She was a priestess
She disguised herself as a man
She led troops herself in battle
She was an intellectual propagandist
Wenceslao Vinzons was a student leader and guerilla fighter during World War II. Which institution did he serve as student president?
University of Santo Tomas
University of the Philippines
Ateneo de Manila University
San Beda College
Which Filipino general was dubbed the “Boy General” and died during the Battle of Tirad Pass?
Gregorio del Pilar
Artemio Ricarte
Antonio Luna
Jose Alejandrino
Macario Sakay established which government after the capture of Aguinaldo?
Katagalugan Republic
Federal Republic of the Philippines
People's Government
Revolutionary Junta
Who was the leader of the Pulajanes, known for resisting both Spanish and American authorities in Samar?
Papa Isio
Faustino Ablen
Vicente Lukban
Aniceto Lacson
The first Filipino woman to die in the struggle against the Spaniards was:
Gregoria de Jesus
Melchora Aquino
Gabriela Silang
Teodora Alonso
Which Filipino general refused to surrender to American troops and was exiled to Guam for years?
Emilio Aguinaldo
Artemio Ricarte
Miguel Malvar
Manuel Tinio
Who was the only Filipino woman to lead a male-dominated force in Panay against the Americans?
Trinidad Tecson
Teresa Magbanua
Hilaria Aguinaldo
Gregoria de Jesus
Jose Palma is best remembered for what major contribution to the Philippine national identity?
First Filipino diplomat
Author of “Florante at Laura”
Composer of the lyrics of the Philippine National Anthem
Signatory of the Malolos Constitution
Who was the editor of La Independencia, the revolutionary newspaper of the First Philippine Republic?
Marcelo del Pilar
Emilio Jacinto
Antonio Luna
Mariano Ponce
Which hero is associated with the revolutionary movement in Cebu?
Pantaleon Villegas (Leon Kilat)
Artemio Ricarte
Jose Alejandrino
Baldomero Aguinaldo
Which revolutionary general was a pharmacist by profession and assisted in designing war strategies in Northern Luzon?
Jose Torres Bugallon
Manuel Tinio
Gregorio Aglipay
Jose Alejandrino
Who among the following was a former Katipunan leader and later became the first Filipino Archbishop of the Independent Philippine Church?
Apolinario Mabini
Gregorio Aglipay
Melchora Aquino
Pedro Paterno
Trinidad Tecson earned what nickname for her role in the revolution and battles in Biak-na-Bato?
Ina ng Katipunan
Mother of Biak-na-Bato
Tagapagtaguyod ng Himagsikan
Dakilang Mandirigma
Which Ilocano writer and propagandist used the pen name "Tikbalang" in La Solidaridad?
Graciano Lopez Jaena
Mariano Ponce
Isabelo de los Reyes
Jose Maria Panganiban
Which young heroine carried secret messages and supplies across enemy lines during the Japanese occupation?
Josefa Llanes Escoda
Nieves Fernandez
Remedios Gomez-Paraiso
Maria Rosa Henson
Known as “Commander Liwayway,” this woman wore makeup in battle during WWII. What was her real name?
Josefa Llanes Escoda
Nieves Fernandez
Remedios Gomez-Paraiso
Trinidad Tecson
Which anti-colonial rebel leader declared himself a religious leader and led revolts in Negros and Panay?
Papa Isio
Elias Angeles
Faustino Ablen
Julian Felipe
Who was the first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines under American civil government?
Cayetano Arellano
Manuel Araullo
Victorino Mapa
Ramon Avanceña
Which Filipina journalist and editor was known for her work in the revolutionary newspaper La Independencia?
Maria Paz Mendoza-Guazon
Concepcion Felix
Rosa Sevilla de Alvero
Josefa Llanes Escoda
Who was the founder of the first nursing school in the Philippines and a notable figure in the field of education?
Anastacia Giron-Tupas
Josefa Llanes Escoda
Vicenta Madrigal-Gonzalez
Maria Kalaw Katigbak
Which revolutionary leader is known as the "Hero of the Battle of Imus" during the Philippine Revolution?
Emilio Aguinaldo
Crispulo Aguinaldo
Baldomero Aguinaldo
Santiago Álvarez
Who was the first Filipino diplomat to serve as Resident Commissioner to the U.S. House of Representatives?
Benito Legarda
Pablo Ocampo
Manuel Quezon
Clemencia Lopez
Which Filipina suffragist founded the Asociación Feminista Filipina in 1905?
Pura Villanueva Kalaw
Concepcion Felix
Josefa Llanes Escoda
Rosa Sevilla de Alvero
Who was the first Filipino bishop of the Iglesia Filipina Independiente (Philippine Independent Church)?
Gregorio Aglipay
Isabelo de los Reyes
Jose Evangelista
Pedro Pelaez
Which Filipino general was known as the "Tiger of Pangasinan" for his bravery during the Philippine-American War?
Juan Cailles
Manuel Tinio
Jose Torres Bugallon
Antonio Luna
Who was the first Filipina to practice law in the Philippines?
Josefa Abiertas
Natividad Almeda-Lopez
Tecla San Andres Ziga
Carmen Planas
Who was the Ilocano revolutionary priest who co-founded the Iglesia Filipina Independiente and fought for Filipino clergy rights?
Jose Burgos
Pedro Pelaez
Isabelo de los Reyes
Gregorio Aglipay
Who was known as the “Brains of the Katipunan” and helped draft revolutionary documents and declarations?
Apolinario Mabini
Pio Valenzuela
Emilio Jacinto
Andres Bonifacio
Who was the only woman member of the Katipunan’s first Supreme Council?
Melchora Aquino
Gregoria de Jesus
Trinidad Tecson
Marina Dizon
Which hero from Bicol was a martyr executed with the Gomburza, though not widely remembered?
Leon Kilat
Jose Rizal
Macario Sakay
Moises Salvador
Who was the youngest Filipino general during the Philippine-American War?
Artemio Ricarte
Gregorio del Pilar
Juan Cailles
Miguel Malvar
Who led the revolutionary movement in Visayas and organized local governments under Aguinaldo's republic?
Leandro Fullon
Aniceto Lacson
Roque Lopez
Martin Delgado
Who is considered the "Father of the Philippine Labor Movement"?
Teodoro Sandiko
Hermenegildo Cruz
Isabelo de los Reyes
Dominador Gomez
Who founded the Manila chapter of the Katipunan and was responsible for early recruitment efforts?
Ladislao Diwa
Andres Bonifacio
Teodoro Plata
Valentin Diaz
Who was the Filipino general known for his guerrilla warfare in Northern Luzon during the Philippine-American War?
Simeón Ola
Manuel Tinio
Licerio Gerónimo
Antonio Luna
Who was the Bicolano revolutionary leader and the last general to surrender to American forces?
Candido Tirona
Pio del Pilar
Simeón Ola
Ananias Diokno
Who founded the Women’s Auxiliary Service during World War II and served as a Girl Scouts leader?
Trinidad Tecson
Pura Villanueva-Kalaw
Josefa Llanes Escoda
Rosa Sevilla de Alvero
