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Englishhh

Total questions: 74

Worksheet time: 45mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

(question3)How do linguists understand language to be?

a)

collection

b)

based

c)

inborn

d)

learned

e)

universal

2.

(question3)What are the main functions of a language?

a)

Metalinguistic function: Explains language rules using language itself.

b)

Phatic function: Maintains social relations (e.g., greetings).

c)
To enhance physical abilities
d)

Communicative function: Conveys new information.

e)
Only for artistic expression
3.

What is a "phatic" function of a language?

a)
To provide detailed information.
b)
To convey complex ideas clearly.
c)
To instruct or command actions.
d)
To express emotions and feelings.
e)

social relations (as in greetings or talk about the weather)

4.

What is a "metalinguistic" function of a language?

a)
A function that describes emotions in language.
b)
A way to create new words without rules.
c)

Describes language rules

d)
A method for translating languages directly.
e)
A function that focuses on grammar only.
5.

How are language rules explained as a "metalinguistic" function?

a)
Language rules restrict communication and creativity.
b)
Language rules are only for grammar correction.
c)

explains language rules by means of the language itself

d)
Metalinguistic functions are unrelated to language analysis.
e)
Metalinguistic functions focus solely on vocabulary expansion.
6.

(question2)What are the main properties of linguistic signs?

a)
Stability, uniqueness, and fluidity
b)
Specificity, variability, and spontaneity
c)
Complexity, ambiguity, and randomness
d)

Represent concrete objects

e)

Include series of sounds

7.

"Language is a system of communication by speaking, writing, or making signs" according to…

a)
B.F. Skinner
b)
Ferdinand de Saussure
c)
Jean Piaget
d)
Lev Vygotsky
e)

to Cambridge dictionary

8.

Who determined the distinction between language and speech?

a)
B.F. Skinner
b)
Noam Chomsky
c)

Ferdinand de Saussure, the Swiss scholar

d)
Wilhelm Wundt
e)
Lev Vygotsky
9.

Who stated that "a human language is the distinctive quality of mind"?

a)
B.F. Skinner
b)
Lev Vygotsky
c)
Jean Piaget
d)
Albert Bandura
e)

N.Chomsky

10.

Language is "what makes us human", according to…

a)

R. L. Trask

b)
Jean Piaget
c)
B.F. Skinner
d)
Lev Vygotsky
e)
Albert Bandura
11.

(question3)What language is regarded "as a true sign language" according to R.Trask?

a)
American Sign Language (ASL)
b)
Spanish Sign Language (LSE)
c)

an authentic human language

d)

Language with a rich vocabulary

e)

Language with a system of grammar

12.

Why are the written languages regarded as secondary?

a)

Written languages

b)

used only in formal settings.

c)

based on the spoken forms

d)

spoken languages.

e)
Written languages are universal and not tied to any culture.
13.

(question3)What are universal properties of language?

a)
Languages cannot express abstract concepts
b)

Never languages have the same syntax

c)

All languages consist of small elements

d)

All spoken languages have vowels and consonants.

e)

In all languages, the users can express a negative statement

14.

(question2)What structural types are languages classified into?

a)

Sign

b)

analytic

c)

synthetic

d)

Visual

e)

Spoken

15.

(question3)What principles are paradigmatic relations based on?

a)

similarity

b)

Invariant

c)

replacement

d)

conflict

e)

Contrast

16.

(question3)What types can paradigmatic relations be according to different principles of similarity?

a)

formal

b)

historical

c)

auditory

d)

functional

e)

semantic

17.

What type of similarity is the sentence based on: He used to practice swimming every week. - He practiced swimming every week.

a)
Antonymy
b)
Homonymy
c)

Semantic meaning

d)
Polysemy
e)
Metonymy
18.

(question3)What types can syntagmatic relations be?

a)

Coordinate

b)

Syntactic

c)

Subordinate

d)

Pragmatic

e)

Predicative

19.

Name the way of expressing secondary predication in the sentences: I want you to call tomorrow. We expect you to visit us.

a)
Participial phrases
b)
Adverbial phrases
c)
Noun clauses
d)

Complex object

e)
Gerund phrases
20.

What purpose was the term 'grammar' applied for until the 17th century?

a)
The study of mathematics and logic.
b)
A set of rules for playing games.
c)
The analysis of historical texts.
d)

The study of the Latin language

e)
The classification of animal species.
21.

(question3)What language units does Grammar compose?

a)
Letters
b)
Chapters
c)

Phrases

d)

Clauses

e)

Words

22.

(question2)What types of Grammar did the pre-scientific stage of English theoretical grammar include?

a)

descriptive

b)

comparative

c)

generative

d)

semantic

e)

prescriptive

23.

What works on language were published at the Port-Royal Abbey?

a)
Philosophie du langage by René Descartes
b)
Dictionnaire de l'Académie by the Académie Française
c)
Les Grands Auteurs de la Langue by Jean-Pierre Dupont
d)
Traité de la langue française by Marie Curie
e)

‘Grammaire general atraison-nee’ (‘General and Rational Grammar’), ‘Art of thinking’( as known ‘The Port-Royal Logic”) , ‘New Method for Learning the Latin Language Easily and Quickly’

24.

Who was the manual:'New method for learning the Latin language easily and quickly' written by?

a)
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
b)
Martin Luther
c)

C.Lancelot

d)
Friedrich Schiller
e)
Thomas More
25.

(question2)What do the founders of classical scientific grammar in Modern period specialize in?

a)

Syntax

b)

Morphology

c)

Systematic

d)

Philosophical

e)

Development

26.

(question3)Who are the founders of classical scientific grammar in Modern period specialized in syntax and morphology?

a)
Ludwig Wittgenstein and J.L. Austin
b)
Wilhelm von Humboldt and John Searle
c)

L.G. Kimball, C.T. Onions

d)

H. R. Stokoe, Poustma H., Kruisinga A.

e)

Curme G.O., Bryant M.M., O.Jespersen

27.

(question3)What types of analytical methods are used to discover grammatical systems of languages?

a)

Historical Method

b)

Comparative Method

c)
Phonetic transcription
d)

General Method.

e)
Descriptive linguistics
28.

(question3)Who are the first linguists to speak of the language as a system?

a)
Leonard Bloomfield
b)
Edward Sapir
c)

Russian and Polish linguist I. A. Beaudouin de Courtenay

d)

Russian Academician F. F. Fortunatov

e)

The Swiss linguist F. de Saussure.

29.

(question2)What Schools was the international journal "Acta Linguistica" founded by?

a)
University of Leiden and University of Utrecht
b)
University of Amsterdam and University of Rotterdam
c)

In 1939 the Prague school

d)

the Copenhagen Schools

e)
University of Groningen and University of Delft
30.

Which School's contribution is the elaboration of the techniques of linguistic analysis to modern linguistics?

a)
London School
b)

American Descriptive School

c)
Berlin School
d)
Vienna School
e)
New York School
31.

Who was the concept:'Language is a workable system of signals by means of which people communicate' written by?

a)

Leonard Bloomfield

b)
Wilhelm Wundt
c)
Lev Vygotsky
d)
B.F. Skinner
e)
Noam Chomsky
32.

What type of Grammar was first suggested by Z. S. Harris?

a)
Generative Grammar
b)
Descriptive Grammar
c)
Structural Grammar
d)
Functional Grammar
e)

the Transformational grammar

33.

What type of grammar analysis was transformed into as one of the most powerful instruments of linguistic research by L.Bloomfield?

a)
Functional grammar
b)

Distributional analysis

c)
Transformational grammar
d)
Generative grammar
e)
Descriptive grammar
34.

What branch of linguistics is semantics?

a)
Syntax is a branch of linguistics.
b)
Morphology is a branch of linguistics.
c)
Pragmatics is a branch of linguistics.
d)

The study of meaning

e)
Phonetics is a branch of linguistics.
35.

What semantic features has a word according to A.Baker?

a)
Synonym, antonym, and hypernym
b)
Meaning, usage, and context
c)

Form and a meaning

d)
Etymology, grammar, and syntax
e)
Pronunciation, spelling, and morphology
36.

(question2)What are the main features of function words?

a)
Function words are only used in spoken language.
b)
Function words include only adjectives and adverbs.
c)
Function words are unrelated to sentence structure.
d)

Establish relation between the lexical elements

e)

Connect units into grammatical network of a sentence

37.

(question2)What are the main features of content words?

a)
Content words are primarily used for grammatical structure.
b)
Content words only include conjunctions and prepositions.
c)
Content words are always abstract and vague.
d)

Belong to open word classes.

e)

Can be easily extended

38.

(question2)What are the ways for words to be related in meaning?

a)
Similes
b)
Metaphors
c)
Phrases
d)

Synonymy

e)

antonomy

39.

(question2)How are synthetic grammatical forms built in the examples: book-books; match-matches; be-was/were; go-went?

a)
Verbs form plurals by adding 's' or 'es'.
b)
Nouns change forms for tense by adding 's' or 'es'.
c)
All words change forms by adding prefixes.
d)

By Suppletivity

e)

By Outer Inflexion

40.

(question2)What is the aim of Theoretical Grammar?

a)
To create new languages for fictional purposes.
b)

To present a theoretical description of its grammatical system

c)

Scientifically analyze and define main classes of words

d)
To analyze the historical development of languages.
e)
To teach language skills to non-native speakers.
41.

(question2)What structure relations can Theoretical Grammar be determined by?

a)
Cultural and historical relations.
b)
Visual and auditory relations.
c)
Lexical and semantic relations.
d)

Syntagmatic /Paradigmatic

e)

Distributive/transformative

42.

(question3)What does the index 's' in the English Language express?

a)
Adjective form
b)
Future tense usage
c)

The Plural form of the Noun (a language - languages);

d)

The Present Simple for the 3rd Person Singular (We live. - He lives.);

e)

The Possessive Case of the Noun (a friend's advice).

43.

What Grammatical Forms does the Category of Tense include?

a)
Active, Passive, Reflexive
b)
Simple, Compound, Complex
c)
Regular, Irregular, Modal
d)
Indicative, Subjunctive, Imperative
e)

Present, past, and future tenses

44.

What Grammatical Forms does the Category of Number contain?

a)

Singular and Plural or (opposite)

b)
Abstract forms
c)
Indefinite forms
d)
Collective forms
e)
Dual forms
45.

What are the Grammatical Forms of the Category of Voice?

a)
Indirect voice
b)
Narrative voice
c)
Direct voice
d)

Active and Passive or (opposite)

e)
Subjunctive voice
46.

What type of classification is based on the distinguishing similarities and differences of languages structures?

a)
Sociolinguistic classification
b)

Typological classification

c)
Genetic classification
d)
Dialectal classification
e)
Functional classification
47.

What 'building' components of languages does morphological classification study?

a)

Forms, structures

b)
Pragmatics
c)
Semantics
d)
Syntax
e)
Phonemes
48.

What type of languages is there no difference between root and stem in?

a)

Analytic

b)

Inflectional

c)

Insulating

d)

Agglutinative

e)

Synthetic

49.

What types are inflectional languages divided into?

a)

Monosyllabic and polysynthetic

b)

Fusional and agglutinative

c)

Contextual and structural

d)

Syllabic and isolating

e)

Synthetic and analytical.

50.

What meaning does not an auxiliary verb have?

a)

Lexical meaning

b)

An auxiliary verb

c)

specific meaning

d)

auxiliary verb

e)

function independently

51.

What aspects of parts of speech does Morphology study as a section of Grammar?

a)
Morphology examines the use of punctuation in writing.
b)
Morphology focuses on the meaning of words in context.
c)
Morphology studies the pronunciation of words in sentences.
d)
Morphology analyzes the syntax of phrases and clauses.
e)

Their grammar meanings, categories and forms of word.

52.

What is general definition of Word?

a)
A word is a type of punctuation mark.
b)

Is the main unity of morphology

c)
A word is a synonym for a sentence.
d)
A word is a collection of letters without meaning.
e)
A word is a visual representation of an idea.
53.

What big groups can all the morphemes be divided into?

a)
Syllabic morphemes and phonemic morphemes
b)
Lexical morphemes and grammatical morphemes
c)

root morphemes,affixes

d)
Affix morphemes and root morphemes
e)
Compound morphemes and simple morphemes
54.

What part of the word is till the ending?

a)
lt
b)
ill
c)
l
d)
lls
e)

Stem

55.

What invariants is morpheme presented by in a language?

a)

meaning

b)

Allomorphemes

c)

tense

d)

written language.

e)

irrelevant

56.

What power do allomorphemes have as a linguistic unit?

a)
Allomorphemes are fixed forms of morphemes.
b)
Allomorphemes have no impact on meaning.
c)
Allomorphemes are only used in written language.
d)

Language and phonetic power;

e)
Allomorphemes represent the same morpheme in all contexts.
57.

How many Categorematic and how many Syntacategorematic parts of speech are there in English?

a)
5 categorematic and 5 syntacategorematic parts of speech.
b)
6 categorematic and 4 syntacategorematic parts of speech.
c)
7 categorematic and 3 syntacategorematic parts of speech.
d)

( Categ 9 . Synt 4 )

e)
10 categorematic and 1 syntacategorematic parts of speech.
58.

(question3)What does Word denote as a unity of language?

a)
A sentence is a unity of language.
b)
A letter is a unity of language.
c)

A definite object

d)

Thing

e)

Phenomenon

59.

Who was the definition :'Word is a minimum unity of a language whose property is a positional independence' given by?

a)
B.F. Skinner
b)
Michael Halliday
c)
Noam Chomsky
d)
Leonard Bloomfield
e)

Yuri Maslow

60.

(question3)What characteristics does Word have as a unity of language?

a)
A word is always a noun.
b)
A word can only be a single letter.
c)

Mobility

Discrete

d)

Position

Structure

e)

Flexibility, mobility, structure (CHAT GPT)

61.

What characteristics of Word is the following statement: "Different words -parts of speech take different positions in a sentence".

a)

Characteristics of mobility

b)
The statement explains the definition of grammar.
c)
The statement outlines the history of language.
d)
The statement describes the meaning of words.
e)
The statement refers to the pronunciation of words.
62.

What characteristics of Word is the following statement: "Word can exist separately in the contrast to the Morpheme".

a)

Discrete

b)

sentences

c)

Morphemes

d)

Words

e)

cannot

63.

What position does root take in a word?

a)

prefix

b)

single

c)

middle

d)

central

e)

end

64.

(question2)What types of affixes are there in English?

a)
Only suffixes
b)
Compound words
c)
Infixes and circumfixes
d)

Inflective

e)

derivational

65.

What purpose does inflective affix serve for?

a)
To change a word's meaning completely
b)
To simplify sentence structure
c)

change the form of a word

d)
To indicate a word's origin
e)
To create new words
66.

What kind of affix is there in the words: invite-invites-invited-inviting?

a)
infix
b)
prefix
c)
transfix
d)

Inflectional

e)
interfix
67.

What kind of affix is there in the words: resistance-resistant-resistible-resistor?

a)
The affix is a single prefix 're-' without any suffixes.
b)
The affix is a combination of the prefix 'un-' and suffixes.
c)
The affix is a standalone word.
d)

derivational

e)
The affix is only a suffix.
68.

(question2)How is the morpheme-suffix ed pronounced in the words: created-jumped-smiled?

a)
/ɪŋ/ in 'created', /d/ in 'jumped' and 'smiled'
b)
/tʃ/ in 'created', /d/ in 'jumped' and 'smiled'
c)

not identical

d)

differently

e)
/d/ in 'created', /p/ in 'jumped' and 'smiled'
69.

How is the letter c pronounced in the words: physics-physicist-physician?

a)

Dissimilar

b)
The letter 'c' is pronounced as 'ch'.
c)
The letter 'c' is pronounced as 't'.
d)
The letter 'c' is pronounced as 'sh'.
e)
The letter 'c' is pronounced as 'k'.
70.

(question2)What principles were there in classification of lexical-grammatical classes according to H.Sweet?

a)
Classification is based solely on alphabetical order.
b)
Lexical-grammatical classes are classified by their length and complexity.
c)
The classification relies on the number of syllables in each class.
d)

the Function (syntactic).

e)

the Form (morphological);

71.

(question2)What classes of parts of speech did H.Sweet single out according to principle of Form?

a)
Nouns, pronouns, conjunctions, articles
b)
Pronouns, conjunctions, prepositions, interjections
c)
Verbs, nouns, articles, interjections
d)

Indeclinable

e)

Declinable

72.

(question3)What subclasses of declinable parts of speech were singled out by H.Sweet?

a)
Nouns, adverbs, conjunctions, and prepositions.
b)
Nouns, verbs, adverbs, and prepositions.
c)

Verbs (Finite and Non-finite verbs)

d)

Adjective-words (Adjectives)

e)

Noun-words (Nouns)

73.

What position of a definite part of speech did H.Sweet take into consideration according to principle of Function?

a)

Syntactic

b)

compound sentence.

c)

adverbial phrase.

d)
The definition of a verb.
e)
The role of an indefinite article.
74.

What classification principle of parts of speech was not taken into consideration by H.Sweet?

a)

The principle of Meaning

b)
Pragmatic classification of parts of speech
c)
Syntactic classification of parts of speech
d)
Morphological classification of parts of speech
e)
Semantic classification of parts of speech

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