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WorksheetsТамақ өндірісі бойынша тест
Total questions: 126
Worksheet time: 1hrs 16mins
Тамақ өндірісінің процестері және аппараттары» пәнінің даму нәтижесінде негізгі технолгиялық процестер
4 groups
3 groups
2 groups
6 groups
5 groups
Өту жылдамдығы химиялық кинетикалық заңдарымен анықталатын процес.
Механикалык
hydromechanical
thermal
mass transfer
mixed
The passing speed of hydromechanical processes is determined by __________ laws.
hydrodynamics
heat transfer
diffusion
chemical kinetics
absorption
Which process's passing speed is determined by the laws of heat transfer (methods of heat distribution)?
heat processes
mechanical processes
hydromechanical processes
periodic action processes
mass transfer processes
The type of process characterized by the transition of the components from one phase to another.
mass transfer
heat transfer
light transfer
substance transfer
mechanical
According to the method of organization, the main processes are classified into how many types?
3 types
4 types
5 types
2 types
6 types
The entire stage of the process is carried out simultaneously, but at different points in the apparatus volume.
in continuous action processes
in periodic action processes
in closed action processes
in mixed action processes
in independent action processes
The type of processes where raw material is loaded into the apparatus within a certain time, and after processing, finished products are obtained from the apparatus:
in periodic action processes
in continuous action processes
in closed action processes
in mixed action processes
in independent action processes
The advantage of continuous processes compared to periodic processes:
since there is no pause in work, the heat supplied is fully utilized
finished products are obtained periodically
it is difficult to mechanize and automate the process
the quality of the obtained product is uneven
operational costs are high
Density is measured in the SI system in ____.
kg/m3
kg/m2
kg/cm3
g/m3
g/cm3
The mass in the unit of volume of a substance is called
the density of the substance
the viscosity of the substance
the pressure of the substance
the resistance of the substance
the amount of substance
Hydrostatic pressure arises in a liquid due to
the effects of surface and mass forces
the effects of surface forces
the effects of mass forces
the effects of volumetric and mass forces
the effects of density forces
What is the unit of pressure in the SI system?
PASCAL
AMPERE
KELVIN
NEWTON
JOULE
Processes are studied in laboratory model devices because...
research at scale is very difficult and expensive
according to the demands of the time
it is efficient for mathematical analysis
to use time efficiently
the efficiency coefficient increases
Physical modeling is based on ___________ laws.
the theory of similarity
the theory of analysis
the theory of induction
the theory of deduction
the theory of scaling
The method of studying phenomena or complex physical processes and devices through the creation of their mathematical models is called...
mathematical modeling
physical modeling
theoretical modeling
material modeling
ideal modeling
The main ____ type of similarity theory will be:
4
3
2
5
6
This similarity shows the stability of the ratio of the corresponding geometric dimensions of two devices.
geometric similarity
similarity over time
physical similarity
initial and boundary condition similarity
invariants and number similarity
If similar processes/phenomena are described by the same similarity numbers and their similarity indicator is equal, then it is...
Newton-Bertrand theorem
Buckingham-Federman theorem
Kirpichev-Gukhman theorem
Mendeleev-Kliperon theorem
Hooke-Rebinder theorem
The theorem that expresses the solution of a differential equation constructed from the connection of the quantities affecting the process through the relationship of the dimensionless complexes formed by these quantities, i.e., through the similarity numbers is...
Buckingham-Federman theorem
Newton-Bertrand theorem
Kirpichev-Gukhman theorem
Mendeleev-Kliperon theorem
Hooke-Rebinder theorem
Phenomena that are expressed by the same system of differential equations and maintain the similarity of the conditions of uniqueness are...
Kirpichev-Gukhman theorem
Newton-Bertrand theorem
Buckingham-Federman theorem
Mendeleev-Kliperon theorem
Hooke-Rebinder theorem
The main construction requirements for devices are...
ease of transport and repair
having many parts
high labor costs
having a large mass of parts
using nanotechnology
In many food industries...
If the devices are made of plain steel or cast iron, then...
the inner surface is coated with a protective layer
the outer surface is coated with a protective layer
the protective layer is unnecessary
it will be lightweight
it requires many materials
Due to its high corrosion resistance and thermal conductivity, ______ is used in the production of heat exchangers, rectification, etc.
copper
lead
cast iron
plastic
polyethylene
The type of vitamin stored in food prepared in aluminum containers
C
A
B and V
B
V
Aluminum is widely used in the production of devices in brewing and dairy industries because....
it oxidizes in the air and is coated with a thin oxide layer
it has heat exchanger properties in the air
it has high rectification properties
it is difficult to bond with other products
it is resistant to acid and heat
Materials used in the production of devices, pipes in winemaking and dairy factories, which have chemical durability, low thermal resistance coefficient, low hydraulic resistance coefficient, are non-flammable and non-hygroscopic.
glass
steel
copper
rubber
wood
Enamel, ceramic acid-resistant tiles, epoxy resins are used...
to protect the working surface of devices from corrosion
to protect the working surface of devices from wear
for packaging food products
for chemical and mechanical strength
for aggressive or high-temperature environments
The process of separating solid bodies under the influence of mechanical forces...
is called crushing
is called separation
is called sorting
is called mixing
is called sedimentation
If a certain shape is given to the particles along with crushing, then this process...
is called cutting
is called crushing
is called separation
is called sorting
is called mixing
Types of effects (deformation) used in crushing.
compression, impact, bending, rubbing, and separation
separation, mixing, suction
compression, rubbing, mixing
bending, crushing, and transporting
cutting, enameling, extruding
What determines the efficiency of crushing?
the degree of crushing
the intensity of crushing
the stages of crushing
fine
What determines the efficiency of crushing?
degree of crushing
intensity of crushing
stages of crushing
types of crushing
all of the above
What is the ratio of the sizes of material particles before (D) and after (d) crushing called?
degree of crushing
intensity of crushing
stages of crushing
types of crushing
all of the above
Show the excess of the given types of crushing.
throttling crushing
coarse crushing
medium crushing
fine crushing
colloidal crushing
Show the equation of the total work done by external forces in crushing.
A=AП+ AБ = K1*ΔV+K2*ΔF
A=AП-AБ = K1*ΔV-K2*ΔF
A=AП*AБ = K1*ΔV*K2*ΔF
A=AП/AБ = K1* ΔV/K2*ΔF
A=AПAБ = K1ΔVK2ΔF
The work done in crushing is proportional to the volume or mass of the crushed particle.
Kik-Kirpichev's crushing hypothesis
Rettinger's crushing hypothesis
Stokes' crushing hypothesis
Karl-Marx's crushing hypothesis
Rebinders' crushing hypothesis
The work done in crushing is proportional to the newly formed surface.
Rittinger's hypothesis
Kik-Kirpichev's hypothesis
Stokes' hypothesis
Karl-Marx's hypothesis
Rebinders' hypothesis
Show the types of crushers.
jaw, conical, shaft
hammer, throttling, angular
box, boxless, mixed
powerful, disintegrator, channel
disk, bunker, spiral
What does the structure of a jaw crusher consist of?
fixed and movable jaws
shafts rotating in opposite directions
semi-rotating eccentric shaft
shaft loosely fixed to the rod
coloriferous layer
What methods are used to crush material in conical crushers?
Compression and rubbing
Impact and squeezing
Crushing and striking
Rubbing and hitting
Compression and pushing
In which type of crusher is the material fed between stationary and internal rotating cones?
conical crusher
powerful crusher
hammer crusher
shaft crusher
jaw crusher
To which crusher does the productivity formula M=k*D2*L*n2/3600(i-1) belong?
hammer crusher
disintegrator
stabilizer
conical crusher
jaw crusher
What formula can be used to approximately calculate the productivity of a shaft crusher?
M=b*l*D*n*60
M=ρ*g*h*60
S=ρφ60
G=πnω2/60
F=KX
What type of device is crushed material crushed between horizontal shafts using compression and rubbing methods?
(a)
What type of device is used for crushing and grinding materials between horizontal shafts using compression and rubbing methods?
shaft crusher
impact crusher
hammer crusher
cone crusher
jaw crusher
Which type of crusher consists of two disks fixed on the axis?
disintegrators
hammer crushers
stabilizers
cone crushers
jaw crushers
What type of crusher is characterized by high efficiency of grinding, absence of rotating parts, and the ability to combine the grinding process with other processes (e.g., drying, pumping, extraction)?
impact crusher
cone crusher
hammer crusher
shaft crusher
jaw crusher
What does the formula PO.T.=mω2R define?
centrifugal force
friction
gravity force
Archimedes' force
productivity
What does the formula ω=πn/30 define?
angular velocity
linear velocity
composite velocity
average velocity
planar velocity
What does the formula i=D/d define?
degree of grinding
grinding intensity
grinding stages
types of grinding
all of the above
What do we call the processing of materials under pressure?
we call it pressing
we call it grinding
we call it cutting
we call it mixing
we call it separating
What goals does pressing aim to achieve?
separation, shaping, compacting
suction, pumping, rectification
cutting, finishing, compacting
mixing, separating, shaping
separating, compacting, pumping
What two purposes can the squeezing of liquids from solids serve?
as valuable and worthless components
as liquid and viscous components
as special and profile components
as viscous and thick components
as elastic and flexible components
What are the devices classified as based on their operating actions?
divided into periodic and continuous
divided into upper and lower
divided into layered and non-layered
divided into leading and driven
divided into slow and fast
What do we call the process of separating bulk mixtures into different fractions?
it is called sorting process
it is called bulk process
it is called separation process
it is called sedimentation process
it is called multiplication process
How many main methods of sorting bulk materials are there based on the properties of the fractions to be separated?
4
3
2
5
6
What is sorting based on the shape and size of particles?
How many main methods of sorting bulk materials are there?
4
3
2
5
6
What equipment is used for sorting by the shape and size of particles?
sieves and triers
flat and conical
gaseous and liquid
disintegrators
settlers and filter separators
What does the separation in gaseous and liquid environments depend on?
settling velocity
electrostatic and flotation methods
electromagnetic properties
using sieves and triers
infrared rays
What is the basis for sorting particles with the help of sieves?
by volume
by mass
by density
by weight
by pressure
How many types of sieves are used in the food industry?
two
three
four
five
six
What shape do woven mesh sieves have?
square or rectangular
rhombus-shaped
triangular and round
checkerboard or random
polygonal
How many different methods of repeated sorting are there?
three
two
four
five
six
List the types of repeated sorting.
from coarse to fine, from fine to coarse
assembled, welded
from fine to coarse, from coarse to very large
from coarse to fine, from fine to very small
from bottom to top, from top to bottom
What type of movement do cylindrical sieves make?
rotational movement
reciprocating
translational
vibrational
oscillatory
Show the type of sieve that makes reciprocating-translational or vibrational movement.
flat sieves
cylindrical sieves
conical sieves
eccentric sieves
inclined sieves
What are cylindrical or conical sieves also called?
Burat
Drum
Independent
Trier
Screw
The productivity of a rotary sorter increases as the drum's rotation frequency increases.
increases
decreases
doubles
decreases significantly
remains unchanged
What types of particles cannot be separated by sieves?
having the same cross-section but different lengths
having the same width and height but different lengths
having the same length but different width and height
having the same cross-section and length
having the same width and length but different heights
What is the filtration process?
a process that passes suspensions, dust, liquids, and gases while retaining solid particles with the help of porous barriers
in suspensions and emulsions
What is the process of centrifugation?
Separation process under the influence of centrifugal force in suspensions and emulsions
A process that passes suspensions, dust, liquids, and gases while retaining solid particles with porous barriers
The process of separating bulk mixtures into different fractions
A process performed by compacting, pressing, or briquetting bulk materials
The process of reducing stress in a body under constant, known deformation
What do we call the process of separation with liquid?
Separation of solid particles in dust, smoke, and fog with the help of liquid
Separation under the influence of centrifugal force in suspensions and emulsions
Passing suspensions, dust, liquids, and gases
Separation of bulk mixtures into different fractions
Compaction of bulk materials
In food technology, processes used to intensify heat and mass transfer, ensuring uniform formation of one medium in another within this volume...
Mixing
Sorting
Kneading
Separation
Pumping
What is the number of main methods for mixing liquid media?
Three
Two
Four
Five
Six
Mixers with different blade structures are...
Called mechanical mixers
Called pneumatic mixers
Called circulating mixers
Called turbulent mixers
Called laminar mixers
Show the main types of mixing liquid media.
Mechanical, pneumatic
Mechanical, laminar
Turbulent, circulating
Circulating, laminar
Pneumatic, turbulent
The type of mixer used when the chemical activity of the liquid being mixed is high and chemical interaction with gas (e.g., oxygen in air) is required.
Pneumatic mixer
Mechanical mixer
Circulating mixer
Turbulent mixer
Laminar mixer
A device that repeatedly sucks and pumps by using centrifugal pumps or flow pumps.
Circulating mixer
Mechanical mixer
Pneumatic mixer
Turbulent mixer
Laminar mixer
How is the Euler number denoted?
How is the Euler number denoted?
Eu
EN
Ku
Re
NE
How is the Reynolds number denoted?
Re
EN
Ku
Eu
NE
Another name for the modified Euler number?
power criterion
experimental power
modified Reynolds number
experiment criterion
aggregate criterion
Show the modified Euler number.
Eu=N/ρn3d5
Re=ρn3d5/μ
Ku=N/μ
NE=ρn3d5/N
EN=ρnd
Show the modified Reynolds number.
Re=ρn3d5/μ
Eu=N/ρn3d5
Ku=N/μ
NE=ρn3d5/N
EN=ρnd
There are two different modes when mixing mechanical mixers and liquids:
laminar, turbulent
mechanical, circulating
turbulent, pneumatic
circulating, laminar
pneumatic, mechanical
What happens when Re>30?
the liquid mixes gently with the mixing blades.
the liquid mixes intensively with the mixing blades.
the liquid mixes moderately with the mixing blades.
the liquid mixes outside the mixing blades gently.
the liquid mixes outside the mixing blades strongly.
What happens when Re>102?
a turbulent regime occurs
a laminar regime is maintained
the liquid mixes gently with the mixing blades.
a developed turbulent regime occurs
a automodel regime occurs
What happens when Re>105?
in this case, the value of KN does not depend on the value of Re.
a turbulent regime occurs
a laminar regime is maintained
the liquid mixes outside the mixing blades gently.
the liquid mixes gently with the mixing blades.
The time taken to achieve a given result of the technological process or the number of revolutions of the mixer in a given time is defined as
mixing intensity
mixing quality
mixing time
mixing period
mixing schedule
What does the quality of the mixing process depend on?
the energy given to the mixing devices and the liquid being mixed
the power consumed by mechanical mixers in the mixing process
the graph-analytical calculation method of mixers
the criterion equation of mixing
the evaporation potential of the mixing phase
What should pneumatic mixing devices be equipped with?
What should pneumatic mixing devices be equipped with?
barboter and airlift
brush and pump
mixer and valve
valve and throttle
pipe and line
What is a barboter?
a multi-holed ring or spiral pipe installed at the bottom of the device
a device designed to extract groundwater from a well by displacing air with a compressor
a hydromachine that ensures the vigorous movement of liquids
a part or mechanism that regulates the flow of gas, steam, or liquid by narrowing or widening the passage in tires and pipes
an inductive coil connected in series to the load to eliminate (suppress) or limit the variable frequency of electric current
In which mixing is compressed air supplied to the central circulation pipe?
in airlift mixing
in barboter mixing
in mechanical mixing
in circulation mixing
in pneumatic mixing
The simplest mixing method used for transporting liquids is?
mixing in pipes
ejector mixing
pump mixing
spraying mixing
diaphragm mixing
The easiest and cheapest method of separating heterogeneous systems compared to other methods is?
sedimentation
mixing
centrifugation
filtration
grinding
Where are periodic action settlers located?
in lower height basins
inside the body
outside the body
on the top of the device
at the bottom of the devices
What equation determines the required sedimentation area?
F=VM/ωкг
N=VM/ωкг
S=VM/ωкг
G=VM/ωкг
M=VM/ωкг
In industry, ___________ settlers are most commonly used.
continuous action
full action
periodic action
intermittent action
semi-continuous action
Continuous action devices are __________________.
single, double, and multi-layered
the bottom is usually conical, and the top is cylindrical
conical bunker type
located in lower height basins
located in higher basins
How do settlers with sloping barriers operate?
semi-continuous
intermittent
continuous
periodic
cyclic
WГ=Reμ0/d*ρ0 is the formula determining which sedimentation velocity?
Lyashenko
Stokes
Euler
Reynolds
Rebinder
WГ=d2(ρ0-ρi)*g/18μ0 is the formula determining which sedimentation velocity?
Stokes
Lyashenko
Who is the formula that determines the sedimentation rate WГ=d2(ρ0-ρi)*g/18μ0?
Stokes
Lyashenko
Euler
Reynolds
Rebinder
What are the devices where mechanical processes occur called?
machines
devices
installations
machines and installations
devices and installations
What processes obey the same law in the hydromechanical group?
separation of liquids by gravity and centrifugal forces, liquid transportation
rectification, drying
sorting, grinding
cooling, melting, heating, freezing
adsorption, absorption
What are the devices where complex thermodynamic, chemical, and biochemical processes occur?
devices
installations
machines
machines and devices
cutting machines
What processes obey the same law in the mechanical group?
sorting, grinding
separation of liquids by gravity and centrifugal forces, liquid transportation
rectification, drying
cooling, melting, heating, freezing
adsorption, absorption
What processes obey the same law in the mass exchange group?
rectification, drying
separation of liquids by gravity and centrifugal forces
sorting, grinding
cooling, melting, heating, freezing
transportation of liquid
In which century was the science about processes and devices discovered?
20th century
19th century
18th century
17th century
16th century
What is meant by the hydromechanical process?
a process defined by the laws of hydrodynamics and mechanics
the process of heat transfer from a hot body to a cold body
the transition of substances from one phase to another in different aggregate states
the process of pure mechanical interaction of bodies
the process of studying stationary liquids
What is meant by the heat transfer process?
the process of heat transfer from a hot body to a cold body
the transition of substances from one phase to another in different aggregate states
the process of pure mechanical interaction of bodies
a process related to the change in the chemical composition of a substance
a process defined by the laws of hydrodynamics and mechanics
What is meant by the mass exchange process?
the transition of substances from one phase to another in different aggregate states
the process of heat transfer from a hot body to a cold body
the process of pure mechanical interaction of bodies
a process related to the change in the chemical composition of a substance
a process defined by the laws of hydrodynamics and mechanics
Mechanics
What are mechanical processes?
Pure mechanical interaction with bodies
The transition of substances in different aggregate states from one phase to another
The process of heat transfer from a hot body to a cold body
Related to the change in the chemical composition of a substance
A process determined by the laws of hydrodynamics and mechanics
What are chemical and biochemical processes?
Related to the change in the chemical composition of a substance
Pure mechanical interaction of bodies
The transition of substances in different aggregate states from one phase to another
The process of heat transfer from a hot body to a cold body
A process determined by the laws of hydrodynamics and mechanics
What processes are determined by the mechanical-hydraulic law?
Hydromechanical
Heat circulation
Mass circulation
Mechanical
Chemical and biochemical
What is the process of heat transfer from a hot body to a cold body called?
Heat exchange
Hydromechanical
Mass exchange
Mechanical
Chemical and biochemical
What processes are related to the transition of substances in different aggregate states from one phase to another?
Mass exchange
Heat exchange
Hydromechanical
Mechanical
Chemical and biochemical
What is the pure mechanical process of interacting bodies?
Mechanical
Mass exchange
Heat exchange
Chemical and biochemical
Hydromechanical
What processes are related to the change in properties and chemical composition of substances?
Chemical and biochemical
Mechanical
Mass exchange
Heat exchange
Hydromechanical
What is the surface tension coefficient?
The work spent on the formation of 1m2 of new surface
The work spent on the formation of 1m2 of old surface
The work spent on the formation of 1m2 of thin surface
The work spent on the formation of 1m2 of solid surface
The work spent on the formation of 1m2 of soft surface
Under what conditions does the surface tension force arise?
From the attraction of uncompensated internal molecules to free surface molecules
From the attraction of compensated internal molecules to free surface molecules
In gas
