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Worksheetsmodule 8
Total questions: 23
Worksheet time: 12mins
Which is a characteristic of resident flora?
They live on sterile areas of the body.
They cause harm to the body.
They provide a type of specific immunity.
They compete with disease-producing microorganisms.
Which best describes why yeast infections are common in women on antibiotics?
Yeast grows well when exposed to the sugar, which is found as a carrier substance in most antibiotics.
Destroying one type of resident flora (bacteria) can allow overproliferation of another competing type (yeast).
Yeast prefers a warm, moist, and dark environment, such as that present in the female perineum.
Antibiotics allow yeast to access sterile environments in the body.
The nurse is caring for a client with a communicable disease. Which is true about this type of disease? Select all that apply.
All infectious diseases are communicable.
Communicable diseases are spread from person to person.
Blood is a common carrier for communicable diseases.
Communicable diseases are caused by infections that live and reproduce in a human host.
Body fluids can carry communicable diseases from one person to another.
Which factor(s) affects the variability with which a pathogen is able to cause disease? Select all that apply.
Infectivity
Virulence
Superinfection
Toxigenicity
Antigenic variability
Which is a mechanism(s) by which a pathogen causes disease in humans? Select all that apply.
Direct destruction of the host cell
Interference with the host cell’s metabolic function
Attack of the pathogen by the host cell’s immune cells
Exposure of the host cell to toxins
Potency of the pathogen
Which precautions are taken in recognition that all blood and body fluids are potentially infected?
Transmission-based
Infectious
Handwashing
Universal
Which is a complication of infection where pathogens of any type gain access to the blood?
Septicemia
Bacteremia
Septic shock
Chronic infection
A client with streptococcal pharyngitis is prescribed an antibiotic and is instructed to take the antibiotic three times a day for 10 days. After the 4th day, the client is asymptomatic and decides not to finish the medication. What complication is likely to result?
Septicemia
Bacteremia
Septic shock
Chronic infection
The nurse is caring for a client with a bacterial infection in the lungs. Which bacteria is most likely to have caused this infection?
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Neisseria meningitidis
Escherichia coli
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
The client believes that they have “athlete’s foot” because of burning and itching along with redness between the toes. The client looks in your bathroom drawer where medications are kept. The client pulls out the antibiotic ointment and applies this to the reddened areas. After 3 days of application, there is no improvement. Why is this medicine not working?
Topical medications usually take at least 7 days to be effective.
Antibacterial medications are not effective against fungi.
This type of infection requires oral antibiotics.
The client is probably immunocompromised.
The nurse is caring for a client with influenza. Which measure(s) is an appropriate action(s) to avoid contracting this infection? Select all that apply.
Immunization
Analgesics
Frequent handwashing
Avoiding close contact with the client
Antiviral drugs
Which process causes influenza viruses to gradually change genetic composition during replication in the human host cell?
Reassortment
Receptor binding
Vaccination
Trivalence
Who is at highest risk of significant morbidity and mortality with influenza infection?
Adolescents
Older adults
School-age children
College-age individuals
Which set of clinical manifestations is characteristic of influenza?
Diarrhea, stomach cramping, vomiting
Nasal congestion, sneezing, watery eyes
Headache, sinus pressure, fever
Body aches, cough, sore throat
The nurse is caring for a client with cirrhosis. Cirrhosis can lead to liver failure by which mechanism(s)? Select all that apply.
Obstruction of portal circulation
Diffuse hepatocyte damage
Interference of blood flow to the liver
Massive destruction of Kupffer cells
Caseous necrosis
A client arrives at the clinic for evaluation. The client is visibly jaundiced and reports dark urine and clay-colored stools. The liver is enlarged and tender. The nurse suspects the client is experiencing acute hepatitis. Which phase of acute hepatitis does this presentation represent?
Prodrome
Icterus
Recovery
Incubation
Which laboratory result confirms the presence of acute hepatitis B for a client who is visibly jaundiced, reports dark urine and clay-colored stools, and has an enlarged and tender liver?
Positive IgM anti-HBc
Positive IgG anti-HBe
Positive IgM anti-HBs
Decreased serum bilirubin levels
Why is a low-fat diet recommended for clients with hepatitis?
Fat emulsification and absorption and bile production may be impaired during liver disease.
Weight gain will exacerbate hepatocyte destruction.
Those with hepatitis are more vulnerable to the development of atherosclerosis.
Ascites, a complication of liver disease, can be alleviated with moderate weight loss.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) have which common characteristic?
UTIs are exclusive to female clients.
UTIs are ascending infections.
UTIs are caused by bile duct blockages.
UTIs cause diarrhea.
Which clinical manifestation is characteristic of tinea versicolor?
Presents as hypopigmented patches
Leads to hair loss and breakage at the site of infection
Spreads circumferentially like a reddened bull’s-eye
Leads to thickened, discolored, and dystrophic changes to the nails
Which clinical manifestation is commonly associated with weight loss, low-grade fever, and night sweats?
Viral hepatitis
Influenza
Tuberculosis
Bacterial meningitis
Which clinical manifestation is a risk factor for developing pyelonephritis?
Erectile dysfunction
Urinary obstruction by kidney stones
Frequent urination
Smoking
Malaria is caused by which type of infection?
Bacterial
Viral
Protozoan
Fungal
