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WorksheetsFO week 7
Total questions: 17
Worksheet time: 8mins
Kinematic viscosity is a measure of a fluid's resistance to flow under external force.
True
False
Kinematic viscosity formula, mathematically, it can be expressed as:
ν=ρ/μ
True
False
μ means the kinematic viscosity
True
False
ρ means the density of the fluid
True
False
Dynamic viscosity (μ) is a measure of a fluid’s resistance to flow when an internal force is applied.
True
False
How is Kinematic Viscosity Measured? Standard Test Methods:
ASTM D445
ISO 3104
ASTM D93
Pensky-Martens Closed Cup (PMCC) Test
Open Cup Tests
CCAI is an empirical parameter used to assess the ignition quality of residual fuel oil.
True
False
Calculated Carbon Aromaticity Index (CCAI)
Importance Onboard: (choose all the correct answers)
A lower value (typically below 870) indicates better ignition and combustion properties.
High (>880) suggests poor ignition quality, leading to inefficient combustion, excessive carbon deposits, and higher fuel consumption.
Affects fuel handling and storage safety
Prevents fire hazards by ensuring the fuel remains stable under operational temperatures
Calculated Carbon Aromaticity Index (CCAI)
What lower CCAI (<850) indicates: (choose all the correct answers)
•Better ignition quality
•Shorter ignition delay
•More efficient combustion
•Poor ignition characteristics
Calculated Carbon Aromaticity Index (CCAI)
What higher CCAI (>870-900): indicates: (choose all the correct answers)
•Poor ignition characteristics
•Longer ignition delay, leading to knocking
•Incomplete combustion → deposits, soot, and higher fuel consumption
•Not recommended for high-performance marine engines
Flashpoint is the highest temperature at which fuel vapors can ignite in the presence of an ignition source.
True
False
Flashpoint
Importance Onboard: (choose all the correct answers)
Affects fuel handling and storage safety.
Prevents fire hazards by ensuring the fuel remains stable under operational temperatures.
Helps in selecting compatible fuel for marine diesel engines, ensuring efficient operation and reducing maintenance issues.
Affects fuel atomization and combustion efficiency in engines.
International Maritime Organization (IMO) regulations (SOLAS) require marine fuel oil to have a maximum flashpoint of 60°C to minimize fire risks.
True
False
How is Flash Point Measured? (choose all the correct answers)
Pensky-Martens Closed Cup (PMCC) Test
Open Cup Tests
ASTM D97
ISO 3104
Pour Point
The lowest temperature at which fuel remains fluid and does not solidify.
True
False
Pour point importance onboard: (choose all the correct answers)
Affects fuel flow in cold environments.
Solidified fuel can clog pipelines and filters, leading to fuel starvation.
Prevents fire hazards by ensuring the fuel remains stable under operational temperatures.
Helps in selecting compatible fuel for marine diesel engines, ensuring efficient operation and reducing maintenance issues.
How is Pour Point Measured?
ASTM D97
Pensky-Martens Closed Cup (PMCC) Test
ISO 3104
ASTM D445
