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WorksheetsDigestive System Worksheet
Total questions: 79
Worksheet time: 40mins
What is the main role of the digestive system?
To pump blood around the body
To protect against infections
To break down food and absorb nutrients
To send electrical signals to muscles
What is the function of the mouth in digestion?
Absorbs nutrients
Begins mechanical and chemical digestion
Stores food
Produces bile
What is the main function of the oesophagus?
Absorbs vitamins
Stores food
Transports food to the stomach
Produces digestive enzymes
What does the stomach primarily do?
Absorbs fats
Chemically digests protein
Produces insulin
Filters waste
What is the function of the small intestine?
Absorbs water
Produces bile
Absorbs nutrients
Stores waste
What does the pancreas do in digestion?
Produces bile
Absorbs nutrients
Secretes enzymes
Stores urine
The liver’s role in digestion includes:
Absorbing protein
Producing bile
Breaking down fibre
Storing minerals
The gall bladder:
Filters blood
Stores bile
Secretes hormones
Absorbs glucose
What is the function of the large intestine?
Absorbs water and forms faeces
Breaks down proteins
Produces enzymes
Stores bile
The rectum:
Begins protein digestion
Absorbs nutrients
Stores faeces before excretion
Breaks down fats
The kidneys are mainly responsible for:
Filtering blood and producing urine
Absorbing water from food
Digesting proteins
Secreting digestive juices
The appendix is believed to:
Digest fibre
Play a role in immunity
Absorb water
Store enzymes
Which is the correct order for the journey of food?
Stomach → Mouth → Small intestine → Large intestine
Mouth → Oesophagus → Stomach → Small intestine → Large intestine → Rectum
Mouth → Stomach → Liver → Rectum
Oesophagus → Small intestine → Mouth → Rectum
What is ingestion?
Breakdown of food
Movement of food
Taking food into the mouth
Movement of food through the digestive tract is called:
Peristalsis
Absorption
Ingestion
Filtration
Mechanical digestion involves:
Enzymes
Acid
Chewing and churning
Hormones
Chemical digestion uses:
Teeth
Muscles
Enzymes and acids
Peristalsis
Where does absorption mainly occur?
Stomach
Mouth
Small intestine
Large intestine
Defecation is:
Absorption of fats
Breakdown of protein
Elimination of undigested waste
Mixing of food with saliva
Which enzyme breaks down carbohydrates in the mouth?
Pepsin
Trypsin
Salivary amylase
Lipase
Pepsin acts in the stomach to digest:
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Fats
Lipase breaks down:
Protein
Fats
Fibre
Sugar
Trypsin is secreted by the pancreas and acts in the:
Mouth
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Carbohydrates are broken down into:
Amino acids
Fatty acids
Glucose
Glycerol
Proteins are broken down into:
Glucose
Amino acids
Fatty acids
Starch
Fats are broken down into:
Glucose and glycogen
Amino acids and peptides
Fatty acids and glycerol
Water and fibre
What is a balanced diet?
High in sugar and fat
Excludes all carbohydrates
Provides all essential nutrients in the correct proportions
Low in protein and fibre
Glycaemic Index (GI) refers to:
The fat content of food
The carbohydrate content of food
The effect of food on blood glucose levels
The protein content of food
RDA stands for:
Ready Digestive Action
Recommended Daily Allowance
Regulated Dietary Amount
Required Daily Analysis
Macronutrients include:
Vitamins and minerals
Enzymes and hormones
Carbohydrates, proteins, fats
Water and fibre
Micronutrients are needed:
In large amounts
Only during digestion
In small amounts for health
Only for athletes
Carbohydrates provide:
Protein synthesis
Energy
Cell repair
Hormone production
Which food is a good source of fat?
White rice
Cheese
Chicken breast
Carrots
Proteins help with:
Digestion
Energy storage
Growth and repair
Vitamin production
Simple carbohydrates:
Provide slow energy release
Are found in whole grains
Are broken down quickly
Are high in fibre
Complex carbohydrates are found in:
Cakes and biscuits
Soft drinks
White bread
Brown rice and oats
Why is fibre important?
Builds muscle
Helps digestion and prevents constipation
Increases cholesterol
Builds bone strength
HDL cholesterol is considered:
Bad cholesterol
Good cholesterol
Harmful fat
A type of protein
Trans fats are:
Natural fats from plants
Healthy for the heart
Artificial and harmful
Found in fruits
Omega-3 fats are found in:
Fried food
White bread
Oily fish and flaxseeds
Butter
Complete proteins contain:
Only some amino acids
No amino acids
All essential amino acids
No nutrients
Incomplete proteins are usually found in:
Animal products
Dairy products
Plant-based sources
Meat and fish
What does the energy balance equation compare?
Vitamins vs. minerals
Calories consumed vs. calories burned
Water intake vs. sweat rate
Protein vs. carbohydrate intake
If someone consumes more calories than they burn, they will likely:
Lose weight
Gain weight
Stay the same weight
Burn more muscle
What is Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)?
Energy used during exercise
Energy required to digest food
Energy needed to maintain body functions at rest
Energy burned while walking
Which method is commonly used to estimate BMR?
BMI calculator
Harris-Benedict equation
Glycaemic Index chart
Skinfold test
Which activity burns the most calories per hour on average?
(a)
Energy expenditure increases with:
Decreased heart rate
Sleeping longer
Increased intensity and duration of activity
Eating more fibre
Which of the following is NOT needed to assess a client’s nutritional needs?
Age and gender
Blood type
Physical activity level
Health conditions
To assess hydration needs, what would you consider?
Hair colour and weight
Exercise intensity and environment
Favourite drinks
Clothing choice
Which is a reliable source for UK healthy eating guidelines?
Wikipedia
The Eatwell Guide (NHS)
YouTube influencers
Unverified blogs
Which of the following would provide evidence-based nutrition information?
Friends and family
TikTok creators
British Nutrition Foundation
Online supplement shops
Which of the following reflects healthy eating advice?
Skip breakfast daily
Eat 5 portions of fruit and vegetables per day
A balanced plate should include:
Only protein
Equal portions of meat and sugar
A mix of carbohydrates, protein, vegetables, and healthy fats
Fast food and fizzy drinks
Which of the following is a health risk of poor nutrition?
Improved concentration
Increased energy
Obesity and heart disease
Stronger immune system
Long-term unhealthy eating may lead to:
Reduced disease risk
Higher fitness levels
Type 2 diabetes
Lower blood pressure
Why is steaming vegetables better than deep-frying?
Adds more sugar
Increases calorie content
Preserves nutrients
Makes them crunchier
Healthy food preparation includes:
Using lots of salt and butter
Choosing whole, unprocessed ingredients
Eating out daily
Cooking with saturated fats
How many portions of fruit and vegetables are recommended daily?
2
3
5
The recommended number of servings of grains per day is usually:
1–2
3–8 depending on age/activity
9–12 for everyone
None – grains are discouraged
Dairy servings per day for most adults should be:
0–1
2–3
5–6
6–8
Protein servings (meat, beans, etc.) recommended per day:
1–2
2–3
5–6
7–9
How should fats, oils, and sweets be consumed?
As the main source of calories
In large quantities daily
Sparingly and in small amounts
Not at all
What is the relationship between nutrition, physical activity, body composition, and health?
Nutrition only affects mental health
Poor nutrition and low activity lead to improved body composition
Balanced nutrition and regular activity help maintain healthy body composition and reduce disease risk
Physical activity is unrelated to nutrition
What information is commonly found on food labels?
Calorie content, ingredient list, serving size
Recipes for cooking
Workout plans
Expiration of fitness equipment
What does a red traffic light label indicate on food packaging?
The food is high in fat, sugar or salt
The food is low in nutrients
The food is organic
The food contains no allergens
Which of the following provides reliable nutrition advice?
Qualified dietitians and nutritionists
Social media influencers
Unregulated blogs
TV advertisements
What is the recommended method for calculating the % of calories from nutrients?
Divide grams of nutrient by 100
Multiply grams by calorific value, divide by total calories, then multiply by 100
Use BMI
Count calories per serving only
Which of the following is outside the professional scope of a personal trainer?
Encouraging balanced meals
Recommending safe hydration strategies
Diagnosing medical conditions or prescribing diets
Discussing general dietary guidelines
What are some potential health risks of popular or extreme diets?
Improved fitness
Stable energy levels
Nutrient deficiencies
Enhanced immune function
Which group may be at higher risk of nutritional deficiencies?
Healthy adults
Teenagers
Sedentary office workers
People following restricted diets (e.g. vegan, elderly, athletes)
What is gluconeogenesis?
The breakdown of protein into glucose
The process of converting glucose into fat
The formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources
Burning fat during exercise
What does SMART stand for in goal setting?
Simple, Measurable, Active, Realistic, Timed
Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound
Safe, Motivated, Actionable, Reasonable, Timed
Specific, Motivational, Accurate, Realistic, Timed
Which stage of the trans-theoretical model involves active behaviour change?
Pre-contemplation
Maintenance
Contemplation
Action
Which vitamin is fat-soluble?
Vitamin B
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
Vitamin H
Which vitamin is known for being an antioxidant?
Vitamin E
Vitamin K
Vitamin B12
Vitamin D
What is the calorific value per gram of fat?
4 kcal
7 kcal
9 kcal
2 kcal
Why is hydration important during exercise?
To avoid hunger
To increase body fat
To regulate temperature and maintain performance
To reduce water weight only
What is an example of an isotonic sports drink?
Plain water
Highly concentrated sugar drink
A drink with similar salt/sugar concentration as the body
A caffeine-free herbal tea
