WorksheetsCosmos
Total questions: 113
Worksheet time: 2hrs 48mins
Neptune is the ______ planet from the sun.
sixth
fourth
eighth
seventh
Neptune is smaller than Earth.
TRUE
FALSE
You would weigh the same on Neptune that you weigh on Earth.
FALSE
TRUE
Neptune does not have a solid surface like Earth does.
TRUE
FALSE
A year on Neptune is ______.
1500 Earth-years long
165 Earth-years long
16 Earth-years long
about the same as a year on Earth
A day on Neptune is much longer than a day on Earth.
TRUE
FALSE
A year on Neptune is much longer than a year on Earth.
FALSE
TRUE
Scientists understand what causes the high winds on Neptune.
TRUE
FALSE
Who is the scientist that developed the Continental Drift Theory?
Anton Wagner
Alfred Wegener
Archie Bunker
Alfonso Ribeiro
What is the Theory of Continental Drift?
There is a gravitational force that is acting on Earth's land masses, pulling them apart at a rate of 1-2 cm per year.
The continents are located exactly where they will remain for the next 250 million years.
The Earth was once a molten mass that has since cooled and contracted, separating the continents by vast oceans.
The continents were once together in one large land mass but they have since drifted apart.
What do you call the supercontinent landmass formed million years ago?
Pangea
Panera
Polymorphism
Palendrome
What do you call the evidence of Wegener's Theory that tells about the remains of an organism that lived long time ago?
Bones
Folicles
Fossils
Ashes
What type of evidence supported Wegener's Theory of Continental Drift?
Evidence of Climate C
hange
Fossils
Mountain Ranges and landforms
All of the Above
One of the pieces of fossil evidence Wegener found was from a fern-like plant called what?
Gabagool
Glossopteris
Gladiolus
Gargantuan
What are the two continents that fit together based on Wegener's Theory, and that sparked his curiosity to find further evidence to support it?
India and Asia
Russia and North America
Africa and South America
Africa and Asia
What is a theory?
an indisputable observation of a natural or supernatural phenomenon
a widely held but false belief or idea rooted in careful observation but faulty scientific method, but which attempts to bring together many facts and hypotheses thought to be true
something that has no possibility of any other result; something that you know will happen in a particular way
a carefully thought-out explanation for observations of the natural world that has been constructed using the scientific method, and which brings together many facts and hypotheses.
What are the three types of Evidence that supports Alfred Wegener's Theory?
Fossils, Fish, and Land
Climate, Land forms, and Metamorphosis
Sedimentary, Magma, and Climate
Fossils, Land forms, and Climate
What is the force that moves the continents?
Convection Currents in the Mantle
Radiation in the Mantle
Convection Currents in the Outer Core
Conduction in the Mantle
What makes up Earth's lithosphere?
Crust & Lower Mantle
Mantle & Core
Upper Mantle & Crust
Upper Mantle & Core
The layer of Earth that is moving as explained by Wegener in his Theory of Continental Drift.
Thermodynamic Plates
Tectonic Lithosphere
Tectonic Plates
Lithospheric Crust
Originally the Continental drift theory was not well received by other scientist. Why?
The scientific technology to prove the movement in Earth's crust did not yet exist.
Scientist thought Alfred Wegener was a crazy little man
All of the above
Scientists could not explain how the continents were moving
There were glacial scars found on rocks in the deserts of Africa. What are these evidence for?
Africa was once in an area of the Earth that had a very cold climate
Africa has always been near the equator
Sea floor spreading
The continents have not moved
The movement of tectonic plates is caused by what?
Thermodynamics
Earth's Rotation
Movement in the mantle
Gravitational Pull
Which layer is the largest layer of the Earth?
crust
mantle
outer core
inner core
Which form of heat transfer is in the asthenosphere and causes the tectonic plates to move around?
conduction
convection
radiation
condensation
Which layer of Earth is broken up into tectonic plates?
lithosphere
asthenosphere
mesosphere
core
Which layer is the only liquid layer of the Earth?
crust
mantle
outer core
inner core
Which layer(s) of Earth are made of denser materials such as iron and nickel? Check all that apply.
crust
mantle
outer core
inner core
Who first proposed the idea of Continental Drift?
Harry Hess
Alfred Wegener
Albert Einstein
Galileo Galilee
What did Wegener name the large supercontinent where all the continents were joined together?
Wegenerland
Gondwanaland
Laurasia
Pangaea
Most geologists rejected Wegener's idea of Continental Drift because _________.
He used too many pieces of evidence to support the idea.
He wanted to know what Earth looked like millions of years ago, which is impossible.
He couldn't identify what would cause continents to move around.
They were afraid of the new idea.
Wegener used the fit of the continents as evidence to support his hypothesis of Continental Drift.
true
false
Wegener used matching mountain ranges across different continents as evidence to support his hypothesis of Continental Drift.
true
false
Wegener used matching matching fossils of the same organisms on different continents as evidence to support his hypothesis of Continental Drift.
true
false
Wegener used evidence of glaciers in places now too warm as evidence to support his hypothesis of Continental Drift.
true
false
Wegener used the magnetic striping on the seafloor showing polar reversals as evidence to support his hypothesis of Continental Drift.
true
false
Wegener used matching rock types and ages across different continents as evidence to support his hypothesis of Continental Drift.
true
false
Wegener used evidence of convection currents in the mantle as evidence to support his hypothesis of Continental Drift.
true
false
What discovery revived Wegener's idea of Continental Drift and eventually led to the Theory of Plate Tectonics?
discovery of new fossils on Africa and South America
the discovery of mid-ocean ridges and seafloor spreading
the discovery of radioactive isotopes
none of the above
Who first proposed the idea of seafloor spreading?
Alfred Wegener
Harry Hess
James Hutton
Nicolaus Copernicus
Which of the following is evidence of seafloor spreading?
matching fossils on either side of the mid-ocean ridge
evidence of tropical plant fossils on the seafloor
same rock types in both North America and Africa
the magnetic striping on the seafloor on either side of the mid-ocean ridges
Why was the evidence of seafloor spreading so important to the idea of Continental Drift?
it answer the question for HOW continents could be moving
it disproved Alfred Wegener's hypothesis of Continental Drift
It shows how land bridges let prehistoric animals cross the oceans
all of these are true
Which of the following resources would be the best to use in order to learn more about the Continental Drift Hypothesis?
www.hypothesis.com
a geography textbook from the 1700's
a guidebook to planets
a biography of Alfred Wegener
What technological advances led to the acceptance of Wegener's Contienental Drift hypothesis?
sonar and magnetometers mapped the ocean floor
satellite communication allowed scientists to share ideas
computers were used to model tectonic patterns
fossils of the same organism were found on separate continents
Which of the following were peices of evidence used by Alfred Wegener to support his hypothesis of Continental Drift? (choose ALL that apply)
fit of the continents
matching rocks and mountains across continents
matching fossils across continents
evidence of glaciers in places now too warm
magnetic striping on the seafloor showing seafloor spreading
Which one of the following figures represents the age of the earth?
4.6 million years
13.7 billion years
4.6 billion years
13.7 trillion years
Which one of the following is not related to the formation or modification of the present atmosphere?
Solar winds
Differentiation
Degassing
Photosynthesis.
Which one of the following represents the inner planets?
Planets between the sun and the earth
Planets between the sun and the belt of asteroids
Planets in a gaseous state
Planets without satellite(s)
Life on the earth appeared around how
many years before the present?
13.7 billion
3.8 billion
4.6 billion
3.8 million
How many planets are there in the solar system?
5
7
8
9
What is the distance between the earth and the sun?
149.6 million km
15.98 million km
169.34 million km
179.67 million km
Which expert gave the nebular hypothesis?
Immanuel Kant
Chamberlain
Laplace
Moulton
Which expert gave the Collision hypothesis?
Immanuel Kant
Sir James and Harold Jeffrey
Chamberlain
Laplace
Which theory is most widely accepted regarding the origin of the universe at present?
Collision hypothesis
Big Bang Theory
Nebular Hypothesis
Binary Theory
What is the diameter of the milky way?
Between 80 thousand to 1,50,000 light-years
Between 1 lakh to 2 lakh light-years
Between 2 lakh to 3 lakh light-years
Between 2,50,000 to 3,00,000 light-years.
Which of the following is not an inner planet?
Jupiter
Mercury
Venus
Earth
By which elements is the terrestrial planets formed?
Liquid elements
Rocks and Metals
Hydrogen and helium
All of the above.
Why are the terrestrial planets rocky?
These planets are smaller
They could not hold the escaping gases
Both a and b
Noe of these
The solar nebula that formed our solar system was thought to be put in motion by a ______.
nearby supernova
black hole
creative intelligence
condensation nucleus
What is most likely to be found in a nebula?
planets
asteroids
stars
gas clouds
The scientist who first challenged the Earth-centered Universe model was _______.
Newton
Ptolemy
Copernicus
Galilei
All of the following are hypotheses of the formation of the solar system EXCEPT
Big Bang Hypothesis
Nebular Hypothesis
Protoplanet Hypothesis
Encounter Hypothesis
Our solar system began as a ________.
quasar
neutron star
nebula
atom
What is the age of our solar system?
4.7 billion years old
4.6 million years olm
500 billion years old
17.2 billion years old
The expansion of the universe is ________.
a steady process with no identifiable events
a steady process that is punctuated by abrupt transitions
a jumpy process that is completely unpredictable.
no longer occurring today.
What are Nebular Clouds?
an interstellar cloud of dust, hydrogen, helium and other ionized gases
an increase (or decrease) in the frequency of sound, light, or other waves
the galaxy that contains our Solar System
a particle attracts every other particle in the universe
Which of the following puts the events in order from first to last?
Big Bang, our sun, first star, life on Earth
Big Bang, first star, our sun, life on Earth
Big Bang, life on Earth, our sun, first star
First star, Big bang, life on Earth, our sun
A model of the universe in which Earth is at the center of the revolving planets and stars. This includes the sun revolving around the Earth. This model is no longer supported.
Heliocentric
Geocentric
Paleozoic
Mesozoic
The theory that explains the formation of the solar system is called ____.
Nebulis Theory
Nebular Theory
Big Bang Theory
Big Nebulan Theory
What force acted on the massive nebula to collapse it and eventually form our sun?
electrostatic force
strong force
weak force
gravity
What is the nebular hypothesis?
Prediction about how the universe was formed
Prediction of how the moon was formed
Prediction of how comets were formed
Prediction of how the Solar System was formed
What caused the nebula to collapse and start spinning?
Supernova
Asteroid collision
Big Bang
Nearby star exploded
the planets of the solar system formed as
the center of the gas cloud cooled
planetesimals flattened into a rotating disk
planetesimals collided into one another
the sun absorbed extra gas and dust from the solar system
How long ago was our sun formed?
10 million years ago
5 million years ago
4.5 billion years ago
2 billion years ago
The nebula begins to spin and flatten. Then what?
The center of the nebula begins to get hot and dense.
Gravity causes light gases to move to the center while heavier materials and ice stay in outer areas.
A protostar forms in the center of the nebula.
Gravity causes light gases to move to the center while heavier materials and ice stay in outer areas. Then what?
The center of the nebula begins to get hot and dense.
A protostar forms in the center of the nebula.
The nebula begins to spin and flatten.
The center of the nebula begins to get hot and dense. Then what?
The nebula begins to spin and flatten.
The SUN is born, fusion begins in the core.
A protostar forms in the center of the nebula.
About 4.6 billion years ago, a cloud of stellar dust or nebula exists within the Milky Way. What happened next?
Shock waves hit the nebula causing it to collapse.
The energy enriched nebula begins to contract further due to gravity.
Supernova of a nearby star occurs.
Shock waves hit the nebula causing it to collapse. Then what?
Supernova of a nearby star occurs.
The energy enriched nebula begins to contract further due to gravity.
The nebula begins to spin and flatten.
A protostar forms in the center of the nebula. Then what?
Shock waves hit the nebula causing it to collapse.
The center of the nebula begins to get hot and dense.
The SUN is born, fusion begins in the core.
The SUN is born, fusion begins in the core. Then what?
Planetesimals (small rock or icy bodies) begin to form. Rocky pieces in the outer rings and icy pieces in the inner rings.
A protostar forms in the center of the nebula.
About 4.5 billion years ago pieces of rock and ice accumulate more material until they grow into planets and moons.
Planetesimals (small rock or icy bodies) begin to form. Rocky pieces in the outer rings and icy pieces in the inner rings. Then what?
About 4.6 billion years ago, a cloud of stellar dust or nebula exists within the Milky Way.
About 4.5 billion years ago pieces of rock and ice accumulate more material until they grow into planets and moons.
The SUN is born, fusion begins in the core.
What is the FIRST event in the formation of the solar system?
About 4.5 billion years ago pieces of rock and ice accumulate more material until they grow into planets and moons.
About 4.6 billion years ago, a cloud of stellar dust or nebula exists within the Milky Way.
None of the above.
How do stars form?
Through the sun
When a nebula collapses and nuclear fusion occurs
Through a supernova
Magic
How long ago did the solar system begin to form?
5 billion years ago
50 million years ago
5 million years ago
50 billion years ago
an enormous cloud of dust and gas occupying the space between stars and acting as a nursery for new stars
nebula
main sequence star
mass
luminosity
As a nebula collapses it also begins:
Expand
Rotate
Shake
Turn to ice
The planetesimals keep:
Colliding and breaking apart
Colliding and sticking together
Colliding and bouncing around
Breaking down into smaller pieces
What is the Nebular Theory?
A theory explaining the formation of the universe
A theory explaining the formation of the solar system
A theory explaining the formation of galaxies
A theory explaining the formation of stars
According to the Nebular Theory, what initiates the collapse of a nebula?
Electromagnetic forces
Nuclear fusion
Gravitational forces
Chemical reactions
What is the primary component of the nebula in the Nebular Theory?
Carbon dioxide
Hydrogen and helium gases
Silicon and iron
Methane and ammonia
In the context of the Nebular Theory, what forms at the center of the collapsing nebula?
A black hole
A protostar
A planet
A comet
How do planetesimals form according to the Nebular Theory?
By the cooling of the nebula
By the collision and sticking together of dust and ice particles
By the explosion of a star
By the evaporation of gases
What element is necessary for life as we know it?
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Hydrogen
Carbon
What forces are in constant struggle within a star?
Gravity and internal heat
Magnetic fields and solar winds
Dark energy and dark matter
Nuclear fusion and fission
What happens to a star like the Sun in its twilight years?
It turns into a black hole
It expands and then blows away its outer layers
It becomes a blue supergiant
It remains unchanged for eternity
At what temperature can carbon fuse in a star's core?
2-3 billion degrees Celsius
1 billion degrees Celsius
500 million degrees Celsius
100 million degrees Celsius
What is the fate of a star with more than 8 times the Sun's mass?
It fades away quietly
It becomes a white dwarf
It explodes in a supernova
It turns into a neutron star
What element's fusion marks a star as a 'ticking time bomb'?
Helium
Carbon
Iron
Silicon
What happens when iron fuses in a star's core?
It creates vast amounts of energy
It stabilizes the star
It sucks up energy, leading to core collapse
It triggers the formation of a new star
What is created in the core collapse of a massive star?
A white dwarf
An asteroid belt
A new solar system
A neutron star or a black hole
What is the significance of supernovae in the universe?
They are the primary source of light
They create and scatter heavy elements
They are purely destructive events
They mark the end of the universe
How close does a supernova need to be to affect Earth?
At least as close as 10 light years
At least as close as 100 light years
At least as close as 1 light year
At least as close as 1000 light years
What element is not primarily produced in the core of a supernova?
Nickel
Hydrogen
Phosphorus
Calcium
