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WorksheetsKidney Function and Disorders Quiz
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 10mins
What is the primary mechanism for acidification of urine?
Ammonia trapping
Bicarbonate reabsorption
Hydrogen ion secretion
Potassium excretion
Which nephron segment secretes the majority of H+ ions?
Proximal tubule
Distal tubule
Loop of Henle
Collecting duct
What stimulates H⁺ secretion in the kidneys?
Alkalosis
Hypoventilation
Low aldosterone
Acidosis
Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by?
Hematuria
Proteinuria >3.5g/day
Glucosuria
Polyuria
Which of the following is not a feature of nephrotic syndrome?
Hypoalbuminemia
Edema
Hyperlipidemia
Hypertension
What is Transport Maximum (Tm)?
Maximum blood flow to kidney
Maximum pressure in glomerulus
Max rate of solute reabsorption
Max volume of urine
Tm for glucose is approximately?
50 mg/min
200 mg/min
375 mg/min
600 mg/min
What happens when glucose concentration exceeds Tmax?
Glucose excretion decreases
Glucose absorption increases
Glucose appears in urine
No change
Tubuloglomerular feedback involves?
Macula densa
Mesangial cells
Podocytes
Renal artery
Macula densa detects?
Oxygen levels
NaCl concentration
Protein levels
Pressure
Glomerulo-tubular balance helps maintain?
Urine volume
Urine pH
Na⁺ excretion
GFR-reabsorption ratio
Cystometrogram is used to study?
Renal clearance
Bladder compliance
GFR
Filtration barrier
The ascending limb of the cystometrogram shows?
Bladder filling
Emptying
Overdistension
Relaxation
Which muscle is primarily involved in micturition?
Internal urethral sphincter
External urethral sphincter
Detrusor muscle
Iliopsoas
The micturition reflex is coordinated by?
Cerebellum
Midbrain
Spinal cord (S2–S4)
Thalamus
Which nerve carries parasympathetic input to bladder?
Pudendal nerve
Hypogastric nerve
Pelvic nerve
Femoral nerve
Voluntary control of micturition is through?
Sympathetic nervous system
Somatic motor neurons
Parasympathetic nerves
Vagus nerve
What neurotransmitter mediates detrusor contraction?
Adrenaline
Noradrenaline
Acetylcholine
Serotonin
What causes urinary retention?
Overactive bladder
Detrusor underactivity
Increased GFR
Diuretic use
Which of the following increases H⁺ secretion in the nephron?
Decreased CO₂
Alkalosis
Acidosis
High potassium
