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WorksheetsAbrams Chapter 10
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 11mins
What is the primary goal of drug therapy for dyslipidemia?
Increase HDL levels
Decrease LDL cholesterol
Reduce blood pressure
Increase triglycerides
Which class of drugs is most effective in lowering LDL cholesterol?
Bile acid sequestrants
Fibrates
Statins
Niacin
What is a common adverse effect of statins?
Constipation
Myopathy
Insomnia
Rash
Which laboratory test should be monitored regularly in patients taking statins?
Hemoglobin A1c
Liver function tests
Serum calcium
White blood cell count
Which medication inhibits the absorption of cholesterol in the small intestine?
Ezetimibe
Atorvastatin
Gemfibrozil
Niacin
Which of the following is true about bile acid sequestrants?
They are the first-line treatment for hyperlipidemia
They are well absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract
They can interfere with absorption of fat-soluble vitamins
They are primarily used to increase triglycerides
Niacin is known to:
Lower LDL and raise HDL
Raise LDL and lower HDL
Increase triglycerides
Cause constipation
What is the main adverse effect associated with niacin?
Drowsiness
Flushing
Hypertension
Muscle cramps
Fibrates are primarily used to:
Decrease LDL
Increase HDL
Lower triglycerides
Decrease blood pressure
Which of the following is a contraindication for statin use?
Hypertension
Type 2 diabetes
Active liver disease
Chronic kidney disease
How should statins be taken for best effectiveness?
In the morning
On an empty stomach
With grapefruit juice
In the evening
Which lipid value is considered desirable for total cholesterol?
Less than 240 mg/dL
Less than 200 mg/dL
Greater than 200 mg/dL
Around 250 mg/dL
Which of the following is a common side effect of ezetimibe?
Rash
Constipation
Diarrhea
Joint pain
Which drug class should not be combined with fibrates due to risk of myopathy?
Statins
Niacin
Bile acid sequestrants
Beta blockers
What lifestyle changes should accompany drug therapy for dyslipidemia?
High-fat diet
Increased alcohol intake
Smoking cessation and exercise
Increased sugar consumption
A person with type 1 diabetes mellitus and hypertension has the following lipid profile: total serum cholesterol 288 mg/dL, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol 200 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol 48 mg/dL, and triglycerides 200 mg/dL. How would you evaluate the results of the lipid profile? (Select all that apply.)
LDL cholesterol is elevated.
HDL cholesterol is within normal limits.
Triglyceride level is elevated.
Total cholesterol is within normal limits.
A 48-year-old patient visits their healthcare provider for an annual checkup. The patient is otherwise in good health, but assessment findings reveal the new onset of a slight increase in blood pressure and a total serum cholesterol of 240 mg/dL. What can the nurse anticipate as the preferred treatment for this patient?
a low-lipid diet and an exercise program
a low-lipid diet and a cholesterol synthesis inhibitor
an exercise program and a fibrate
a statin and beta blocker medication
A 36-year-old female patient has been taking atorvastatin 20 mg PO daily for 6 months to treat mild dyslipidemia. At a clinic appointment, she tells the nurse that she is 6 weeks pregnant. The nurse counsels the patient that it is likely that her midwife will counsel her
to increase the dose of prenatal vitamins
to change to a different statin medication
to take her atorvastatin every other day
about discontinuing the drug during pregnancy
John Jones, a 47-year-old teacher, now takes cholestyramine, and the nurse teaches him about the medication and its use. The nurse should be concerned if, after the teaching session, Mr. Jones states
“I should take the medicine with a full glass of water when I take my other medications”
“I am taking this medication to decrease my LDL cholesterol level”
“I should swallow the tablets whole”
“I may need to supplement my intake of the fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K”
The nurse practitioner adds cholestyramine to statin therapy in a patient with markedly elevated serum levels of LDL cholesterol. Which of the following if stated by the patient indicates that patient teaching has been successful? (Select all that apply.)
“I need to mix the powder with water or other fluids before I take it.”
“I should wait 1 hour after I eat to take the medication.”
“I need to maintain good oral hygiene as the medication can damage my teeth.”
“If I notice an increased bleeding tendency, I need to notify the nurse practitioner.”
“I might have some GI effects, including constipation or abdominal pain.”
