Choose the synonym of the underlined word.

Choose the word or phrase (A, B, C, or D) that is incorrect.

Fill in the blank with the appropriate form of the word given in brackets.

Put the words given in the correct blanks. You have to use their correct forms to make a meaningful passage. There are two extra words that you cannot use.

Read the passage and choose the best option (A, B, C or D) for each blank space.

Before the invention of the photocopier, documents were copied using carbon paper. Carbon paper is a thin paper (1) ______ with a dark coloring substance on one side. Typically, a (2) ______ of wax and pigment is used to (3) ______ the dark surface, but originally carbon paper was made by soaking both sides of a sheet of paper in ink and drying it. It is interesting to note that in the early 1800s two inventors, an Englishman and an Italian, independently (4) ______ up with the idea of carbon paper. Perhaps (5) ______ amazing is the fact that they both invented this “black paper” as a way to help blind people write. Instead of using the (6) ______ quill pen that one would (7) ______ to dip in ink, a blind person could use a metal tool to press on the carbon paper that was sandwiched between two pieces of writing paper. When the writer pressed on the (8) ______ layer, it transferred the ink from the carbon paper to the bottom sheet of good writing paper. (9) ______, the same technique was applied to make (10) ______ of private letters or business documents. The carbon copy didn’t (11) ______ on right away, because there was (12) ______ of time and enough (13) ______ in offices to make hand copies of documents if needed. By the late 1800s, (14) ______ the invention of typewriting machines, the (15) ______ of carbon copies really took off and soon became standard practice. The notation “cc”, which stands for “carbon copy” is still used today in E-mail, where no actual paper, carbon or otherwise, is involved.

Fill in each blank with ONE suitable word to make a meaningful passage.

Every year people throw away millions of tonnes of plastic bottles, boxes and wrapping. These create huge mountain of waste that are extremely hard to get (1) ______ of. Now a new recycling process promises to reduce this problem by turning old (2) ______ new plastic.

Scientists have taken a long time to (3) ______ their ideas because waste plastic has always been a bigger problem than substances like waste paper. You can bury plastic, but it takes many years to (4) ______ down. If you burn it, it just becomes (5) ______ form of pollution. A few products such as bottles can be reused, but it is expensive or difficult to do this with a lot of plastic products.

Now a group of companies has developed a new method of (6) ______ that could save (7) ______ all plastic waste. Nearly every type of waste plastic can be used as it does not have to be sorted. In (8) ______, labels and ink may be left on the products. Everything is simply mixed (9) ______ then heated to more than 400 degrees centigrade so that it (10) ______. It is then cooled, producing a waxy substance that can be used to make new plastic products, including computer hardware.

Fill in each blank with ONE suitable word to make a meaningful passage.

Deciding when you and your child are ready to shift responsibility

You might need to experiment to (1) ______ out when and in what areas your child is ready for more responsibility. You could start by using family meetings to give your child a real (2) ______ in important decisions. This helps your child feel valued. It’s also a good way for you to learn (3) ______ about how your child deals with choices.

Here are other things to consider.

Level of maturity

Some teenagers are more (4) ______ than others. Also, teenagers’ ability to act responsibly varies from situation to situation. Think about your child’s skills when deciding whether or not they’re (5) ______ for responsibility. For example, a teenage child who asks to go to the city with friends might be allowed to go if they’ve been responsible when going out with friends at other times.

Learning from experience

Teenagers need the opportunity to work out some things for themselves. If there’s no immediate danger, experience can be an effective teacher (6) ______. Experience gives your child the chance to show you (7) ______ responsible they can be. It also gives them practice and (8) ______ in making decisions.

Legality

Legal age is when you’re legally allowed to do things like (9) ______ school or home, get a job or license, give medical or sexual consent, drink alcohol, and so on. Legal age means some things need to stay in the ‘no’ category, (10) ______ of what other teenagers do and other parents allow.

Rewrite each sentence in such a way that it means almost the same as the one printed before it. Use the word in brackets without making any change to it.