One of the complications that often occurs in SC CITO patients is aspiration pneumonia, which requires the anesthesiologist to carefully manage pre-anesthesia with medication. What should be considered in drug selection?

A 32-year-old man was rescued by firefighters in a room containing carbon monoxide. The victim's respiratory rate is 42 breaths per minute. The patient appears weak, complains of nausea, and is disoriented. Based on his symptoms, what is the carboxyhemoglobin level in the victim's blood?

A 5-year-old obese child undergoes elective herniotomy. General anesthesia is administered with sevoflurane and 50% nitrous oxide using a low-flow technique, with tidal volume set at 7 ml/kg body weight and a frequency of 16 breaths/min. About 45 minutes later, tachycardia and increased blood pressure occur, which do not resolve with fentanyl administration, even followed by ventricular arrhythmia. What is the most appropriate issue regarding this child's condition?

A 65-year-old woman is admitted to the ICU after undergoing intracranial hematoma evacuation surgery. The patient is unable to breathe adequately, so her breathing is assisted with a ventilator. Two hours after being connected to the ventilator, the following blood gas analysis results are obtained: pH 7.59, PCO2 15 mmHg, PaO2 253 mmHg, TCO2 15.30 mmol/L, HCO3 14.80 mmol/L, BEecf -7.8, SpO2 99%. The patient is given NaCl 0.9% solution at 30 cc/kg body weight to be completed in 24 hours. If the patient's kidney function is still good, how will the kidneys respond to compensate for the above condition?

What is the pH of a 2.5% thiopental solution?

Which class of barbiturates causes the most enzymatic induction?

What effect does ketamine anesthesia have?

A 30-year-old woman with a tibia fracture is scheduled for elective ORIF surgery. During the history taking, physical examination, and laboratory tests, everything is normal. The anesthesiologist plans to perform spinal anesthesia. When the spinal needle is inserted, what is the order of the layers that are traversed?

What should be examined to determine the Mallampati score?

Which coagulation factor's synthesis depends on vitamin K?

Elimination and clearance through non-enzymatic degradation (Hofmann elimination):

A 2-year-old child has burns on both legs (partial thickness). To estimate the burn area as a guide for fluid therapy for burns, the total area of both legs is calculated as:

A 58-year-old patient appears short of breath and has wheezing. On examination, there is stridor during expiration and inspiration. There is a tumor compressing the trachea. The type of airflow at the obstruction site is:

During extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), the shock wave must be synchronized with:

A 60-year-old man weighing 60 kg with a diagnosis of rectal cancer will undergo hemicolectomy under general anesthesia. Preoperative examination concluded ASA 2. A few months before surgery, the patient routinely consumed butorphanol to manage his pain. Induction is done using propofol, muscle relaxant, and maintenance using sevoflurane at adequate doses. Analgesics during surgery use maximum doses of fentanyl. However, the analgesia in this patient is still insufficient, and based on monitoring, the patient still shows signs of pain. What is the cause of the patient's pain?

The inhalation anesthetic that is the most inert (very little metabolized by the body) is:

Which of the following is included in group A, Child classification?

What is the effect of opioids on Kappa opioid receptors?

A 65-year-old woman is referred to anesthesia with a diagnosis of hip fracture (D) planned for Total Hip Replacement. Shortly after the administration of bone cement, blood pressure is 80/40 mmHg, the patient is short of breath with oxygen saturation of 87%, heart rate 124 bpm, and appears anxious. What initial action would you take for this patient?

The most convincing and safe indicator for the recovery of the effects of non-depolarizing muscle relaxants on neuromuscular function is:

Theoretically, anesthesia alters thermoregulation and tends to lower the patient's core temperature. Intraoperative hypothermia should be prevented as much as possible because it has many effects, including:

A 48-year-old man weighing 50 kg is scheduled for 'release contracture' surgery on the neck due to burns from a year ago. The patient cannot extend due to the contracture but can still be given assisted breathing. Intubation is planned using fiber optic laryngoscopy (FOL). What should we understand about intubation using FOL?

A 41-year-old woman underwent resection of a 10 mm hypophyseal tumor. The patient complains of amenorrhea and decreased vision. What potential problem may occur if transsphenoid approach surgery is performed?

What is the most common cause of non-surgical bleeding?

What is the function of Vitamin K in the blood coagulation process?

What should be considered in the perioperative management of this patient?

What signs and symptoms should be looked for to identify the possibility of Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) in this patient?

A 10-year-old child underwent outpatient tonsillectomy. The patient was obese and had OSA. After surgery, the patient was observed in the recovery room and experienced hypoventilation and hypoxemia (SpO2 88%). What are the discharge criteria for this patient based on ASA recommendations?

Nyeri yang terjadi pada daerah yang kurang sensasi adalah ?

Pasien wanita umur 56 tahun, berat badan 75 Kg, menjalani operasi laparoskopi cholesistektomi. Operasi berlangsung selama 2 jam, perdarahan durante operasi: minimal, total balance cairan selama operasi +200 cc. Monitoring urine output selama pemulihan pasca operasi, menghasilkan urine sebanyak 30 cc selama 2 jam pemantauan di Recovery Room. Pasien tidak ada riwayat gangguan ginjal sebelum operasi Apakah mekanisme yang menyebabkan terjadinya oligouria pasca operasi laparoskopi?

Seorang perempuan, 31 tahun dengan diagnosa G3P1A0 hamil 6 minggu datang ke IGD RS karena mengeluh nyeri perut kanan bawah. Setelah dilakukan USG, pasien didiagnosa appendicis. Dokter bedah merencanakan melakukan appendektomi untuk pasien ini. Pasien merasa khawatir dengan risiko kecacatan yang mungkin dialami bayinya. Kapan waktu paling kritis fetus terpengaruh teratogenitas?

Seorang wanita berusia 20 tahun, dikonsulkan kepada anda untuk menjalani operasi tumor jaringan lunak di payudara. Pasien belum pernah oeprasi sebelumnya dan tidak memiliki Riwayat penyakit penyerta lain. Pada pemeriksaan fisik tidak didapatkan kelainan. pemeriksaan penunjang wajib anda lakukan preoperasi adalah

Salah satu sirkuit pernapasan yang digunakan untuk penghantaran gas anestesi kepada pasien adalah circle system. Pernyataan yang benar mengenai sirkuit pernapasan ini adalah?

Seorang wanita berusia 36 tahun menjalani operasi laparatomi kistektomi dengan anestesi umum intubasi dan epidural kontinu. Pemasangan kateter epidural dilakukan sebelum ekstubasi. Terjadi 3 kali wet tap, namun kateter epidural berhasil terpasang. Setelah pasien sadar, di ruang pemulihan dilakukan injeksi bupivacaine 0,25% via kateter epidural. 20 menit kamudian terjadi henti napas, desaturase, bradikardia, hipotensi dan kedua pupil midriasis. Dilakukan intubasi dan pemberian vasopressor. Setelah 2 jam kondisi pasien membaik, diameter pupil mengecil dan Kembali bernapas spontan. Kemungkinan etiologi komplikasi tersebut adalah?