WorksheetsCare & Drugs Used to Treat Cancer
Total questions: 62
Worksheet time: 35mins
Which statement is accurate when educating a patient with cancer about combination chemotherapy?
Combination chemotherapy is the administration of an antineoplastic drug that will be toxic during a specific phase of cellular growth.
Combination chemotherapy is the administration of an antineoplastic drug that is active throughout the cell cycle.
Combination chemotherapy is the administration of antineoplastic drugs that change the way the body responds to cancer or strengthens the immune system.
Combination chemotherapy is the administration of antineoplastic drugs, which results in cell death during different phases of the cell cycle.
Which phase of the cell's life cycle does vincristine sulphate (Oncovin) act in?
S phase
Mitotic phase
Phase G1
Phase G0
Which statement correctly explains the importance of correlating the dosage schedule with cell cycle–specific drug therapy?
Ongoing proliferation of neoplastic tissue
The known cellular kinetics of the neoplasm
The hormonal requirements of the patient
The body's response in strengthening the immune system
When are cancer cells most sensitive to chemotherapy?
Resting phases
Rapid division
Remission intervals
Slow replication
Which rationale correctly states the advantage of combination therapy using cell cycle–specific and cell cycle–nonspecific agents?
Decreased expense and time needed for administration
Decreased toxicity to patients and the nurses who administer the drug
Increased cell death in various cycles and decreased toxicity
Increased rate of treatment success
Which rationale explains why a patient with prostate cancer is prescribed an estrogen?
To achieve hormonal balance
To decrease the rate of production for malignant cells
To soften prostatic tissue
To suppress prostate gland function
Which assessment by the nurse would be a sign of neurotoxicity related to chemotherapy?
Paresthesia
Euphoria
Nausea
Hallucinations
Which symptom is the patient who is receiving bleomycin (Blenoxane) therapy most likely to exhibit?
Increased respiratory rate and cough
Weight gain and peripheral edema
Numbness and tingling of hands and feet
Lethargy and orthostatic hypotension
Which rationale describes the purpose of administering filgrastim (Neupogen) to a patient who is post-bowel resection resulting from cancer?
Decreases the gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity resulting from chemotherapeutic agents.
Suppresses the immune response.
Works as an antiemetic and stimulate his appetite.
Increases the white blood cell (WBC) counts.
Which outcome is intended with the use of the chemoprotective drug amifostine (Ethyol)?
Decreased nausea and vomiting
Increased effectiveness of the chemotherapy
Maintenance of body weight
Decreased renal toxicity
Which rationale explains why bone marrow stimulants are used in the treatment of cancer?
Increases uptake of the chemotherapy from the interior of the bones
Strengthens bones weakened by pathologic processes
Enhances the patient‘s immune system during treatment
Protects the bone marrow from destructive actions from the cancer treatment
Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching after being provided education about chemotherapy?
I will shave with an electric razor.
I will take aspirin for a headache.
I will wash my laundry separate from other family members.
I will flush the toilet twice after using.
The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with breast cancer. The patient reports that she has been experiencing frequent watery stools following chemotherapy treatment. Which action will be encouraged when educating the patient regarding dietary guidelines to help relieve symptoms?
Eliminate spicy foods.
Eat low-protein foods.
Implement a high-roughage diet.
Eat high-fat foods.
The nurse is preparing to administer medroxyprogesterone acetate as prescribed to a patient diagnosed with endometrial carcinoma. Which supply will the nurse obtain when preparing to provide this medication?
A plastic medication cup
A medicine dropper
A subcutaneous needle and syringe
An intramuscular (IM) needle and syringe
Which agents are considered major chemotherapeutic agents? (Select all that apply.)
Alkylating agents
Antineoplastic antibiotics
Hormones
Antimetabolites
Antinuclear antibodies
Which nursing consideration(s) would be taken into account prior to the administration of cisplatin IV? (Select all that apply.)
Review of laboratory data for presence of myelosuppression and hepatic and renal parameters
Administration of IV hydration as prescribed
Administration of epoetin alfa (Epogen)
Administration of prechemotherapy mesna (Mesnex)
Assessment for dermatologic conditions
Which sign(s) and symptom(s) assessed by the nurse would indicate thrombocytopenia? (Select all that apply.)
Pinpoint red rash
Casts in urine
Brown, fatty stools
Increase in menstrual flow
Coffee-ground emesis
Which treatment(s) may be used alone or in combination for the treatment of cancer?
Surgery
Radiation
Chemotherapy
Immunotherapy
Phlebotomy
Which information regarding skin care will the nurse include when educating the patient on chemotherapy? (Select all that apply.)
Vigorously drying the skin with a bath towel
Avoiding sunlight
Using mild soap
Avoiding moisturizer
Bathing in lukewarm water
A patient has developed stomatitis from chemotherapy. Which intervention is appropriate for a patient with this condition?
Instruction in the following of a liquid diet
Using a commercial mouthwash after each meal
Cleaning teeth with a cotton swab dipped in hydrogen peroxide
Using a soft toothbrush
Which patient will be the highest priority for referral for a prostate-specific antigen(PSA)?
43-year-old Hispanic man
45-year-old African American man
49-year-old Korean man
50-year-old Native American man
A patient, age 56, has been advised that his prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level is elevated. Which test will be the next definitive diagnostic test?
CA-125 test
Transrectal ultrasound
Needle biopsy of the prostate
MRI
A patient undergoing chemotherapy to treat breast cancer has an abscess near the rectal area. Which laboratory result is likely associated with this finding?
White blood cells 2400/mm3
Red blood cells 5.2 million/mm3
Platelet count 165,000/mm3
Hematocrit 47%
After reporting abdominal pain, the patient has blood drawn for a CA-19-9. When he asks the nurses the purpose of this test, which response is appropriate?
It tests for hepatobiliary cancer.
It tests for colorectal cancer.
It tests for bladder cancer.
It tests for lung cancer.
A patient receiving chemotherapy for treatment of cancer has a white blood cell count of 1600/mm3. This finding prompts a change in the plan of care to provide which intervention?
Adequate fluid intake
Protection from falls
Protection against infection
Frequent small nutritious snacks
Which advice will the nurse provide to the patient who found a lump in her breast a week ago during breast self-examination?
Arrange for an examination by her health care provider.
Wait until her next ovulatory cycle and check the lump again.
Postpone appointment until the lump enlarges.
Apply warm, moist compresses.
How many minutes of daily exercise does the American Cancer Society recommend as a prevention of cancer?
10 minutes
15 minutes
20 minutes
30 minutes
Using the TNM staging classification system, the nurse will interpret a tumor staged as T4N3M2 in which way?
No evidence of primary tumor, lymph node involvement, or distant metastasis
Carcinoma in situ, regional lymph node involvement, and metastasis to one site
Enlarging tumor, increasing lymph node involvement, and distant metastasis
Enlarging tumor, no lymph node involvement, or distant metastasis
A patient undergoing radiation therapy says, “I feel so useless. I have no energy, no appetite, and I fall asleep whenever I sit down.” Which response by the nurse is most therapeutic?
“Fatigue is part of your illness. Taking several long naps in the daytime is helpful.”
“Fatigue is an unfortunate side effect of radiation. It may help to take frequent rest periods.”
“You really shouldn’t be fatigued. Let me make an appointment with your health care provider to get this checked out.”
“Don’t worry about it. You probably deserve the rest!”
The nurse instructs a patient who has been smoking for 5 years about the warning signs of cancer. The nurse tells him that one of cancer’s eight warning signals include which change?
nagging cough or hoarseness.
a sore that does not heal rapidly.
gallbladder disease.
hematopoietic changes.
Which meal represents foods that help prevent cancer?
Broiled steak, baked potato, whole wheat roll, soy milk
Baked ham, rice and gravy, apples stewed in butter, whole milk
Fried pork chops, candied sweet potatoes, white rolls and butter, iced tea
Broiled chicken, cabbage with onion and garlic, and soy milk
There is a risk of nausea and vomiting from chemotherapy and targeted therapy. Which sets of drugs used for cancer treatment represent a high risk in this regard?
Butyrophenones, phenothiazines, metoclopramide
Methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin
Carmustine, Cisplatin , Dacarbazine
It does not matter. Chemotherapy provided to all patients will definitely trigger chemotherapy induced nausea/vomiting (CINV).
Which event happens during the process of immunosurveillance?
T cells recognizing and destroying the abnormal cell
White blood cells (WBC) destroying the abnormal cell
Excretion of histamine to interfere with the replication of the abnormal cell
B cells attaching to abnormal cell
The nurse caring for a patient who is being treated for cancer of the cervix by a radioactive implant discovers that the applicator with the radioactive material has become dislodged and is lying in the bed between the patient’s legs. Which action will the nurse take?
Use long-handled forceps grasp the applicator and wrap it in a towel.
Help the patient to a chair and cover the applicator with a rubber sheet.
Reassure the patient by staying at the bedside and call for help.
Do not touch the applicator; notify the radiation safety officer.
Which person will the nurse instruct to avoid visiting a patient being treated with internal radiation therapy?
A 78 year old using a walker
An 18-year-old woman
A woman pregnant in the third trimester
A 24-year-old nursing mother
A patient, age 63, has terminal cancer of the liver and is cared for by his wife at home.His abdominal pain has become increasingly severe, and he now says it is intense most of the time. The nurse recognizes that teaching regarding pain management has been effective based on which measure implemented by this patient?
Limiting the use of opiate analgesics to prevent addiction
Using analgesics only when the pain becomes more than he can tolerate
Taking analgesics around the clock on a regular schedule, using additional doses for breakthrough pain
Resigning himself to the fact that pain is an inevitable consequence of cancer
A female patient, age 59, has lost7 lb in the first 3 weeks of her chemotherapy and does not eat because nothing tastes good. The nurse expects to see which goal addressed in the plan of care?
Patient will verbalize understanding of the need for increased nutrition.
Patient will be free from nutrition related infections.
Patient will maintain current weight.
Patient will undergo psychiatric evaluation regarding anorexia.
A patient receiving external radiation treatments should be given which recommendation to protect the patient’s skin?
Applying warm compresses to damaged skin
Encouraging patient to apply fragrant lotion to skin
Patting the skin dry after the bath
Exposing skin to sun for 10 minutes a day
Which statement is appropriate for a nurse to tell a patient before insertion of the radioactive implant?
“Nurses will always be available, but they will spend only short periods of time at your bedside.”
“Personal cleanliness is essential, so you will be given a complete bed bath each day.”
“Your diet will be changed to a high-fiber diet to encourage daily bowel movements.”
“Your bed linens will be completely changed each day to minimize radioactive contamination.”
A male patient is undergoing external radiation therapy on an outpatient basis for treatment of Hodgkin disease. After 2 weeks of treatment, he tells the nurse that he is so tired he can hardly get out of bed in the morning. Which is an appropriate intervention?
Take two rest periods during the day.
Ambulate in the hall four times a day.
Select two activities for distraction.
Investigate a consultation with a psychiatrist for treatment of depression.
The patient receiving radiation therapy reports not liking the conspicuous markings on the skin. In which manner can the nurse explain about these markings?
They are residues of the treatment and can be washed off.
They are caused by radiation and will fade in time.
They are indicators of the amount of radiation the patient is receiving.
They are markers for treatment and should be left on.
The nurse will question which intervention in the plan of care who has experienced a weight loss during chemotherapy to treat cancer?
provide adequate, easily digestible, soft, bland foods.
give small, frequent, highly nutritional meals.
allow extra time to eat.
offer three large meals of highly nutritious foods.
A patient who has malignant cancer secondary to a high-grade lymphoma has been admitted with muscle weakness, tetany, paresthesia, and convulsion. The nurse notices the patient is being treated for tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) and initial treatment has not been successful. The nurse will prepare the patient to undergo which procedure?
Whole blood transfusion
A bone marrow biopsy
Immediate radiation treatment
Dialysis
Which is an appropriate intervention for a patient experiencing thrombocytopenia?
Requesting an order for aspirin for discomfort
Trimming toenails close
Using an electric razor
Vigorous tooth cleaning
The nurse explains to a 43-year-old patient with a benign tumor in her right breast that a benign tumor differs from a malignant tumor in that benign tumors have which quality?
do not cause damage to adjacent tissue.
are simply an overgrowth of normal cells.
do not spread to other tissues and organs.
frequently recur in the same site.
For which reason is seeking medical attention when any cancer warning signs occur frequently delayed?
Difficulty accessing a health care provider or getting a referral consult.
Lack of knowledge of the warning signs of cancer.
Fear of the possible diagnosis of cancer and hoping signs will go away.
Self-examination being complex and difficult to perform.
The nurse knows which description is characteristic of malignant tumors?
Smooth, well defined; movable when palpated
Resembles parent tissue; rarely fatal
Rate of growth varies; rarely contained within a capsule
Remains localized; slow growth
The difference between an excisional biopsy and an incisional biopsy is that an excisional biopsy involves which technique?
use of a needle to obtain fluid samples.
removal of the entire lesion.
taking a “bite” from the lesion for study.
shaving of the superficial layers of the lesion.
What is the function of organizations like The Lost Chord Club, Reach for Recovery, and I Can Cope?
Arrange for transportation to a clinic.
Provide a small amount of financial support to patients.
Send volunteers to speak with a person facing a lifestyle change.
Arrange for reduced drug costs.
Which characteristic is common in malignant tumors?
Usually contained within a capsule.
Divide and multiply in the same manner as normal cells.
Proliferate and respond to treatment.
Progress and destroy surrounding tissues while spreading to distant parts of the body.
Which nursing intervention is appropriate for a patient undergoing treatment forcancer whose nutritional intake is less than body requirements? (Select all that apply.)
Provide adequate, easily digestible, soft, bland foods.
Give small, frequent, highly nutritional meals.
Allow extra time to eat.
Offer three regular meals of highly nutritious foods.
Provide spicy foods to stimulate the appetite.
Select the food that is recommended for prevention of colorectal cancer in men. (Select all that apply.)
Oranges
Skinless chicken
Squash
Asparagus
Cheddar cheese
The nurse is aware that American men and women have which site for cancer in common? (Select all that apply.)
Lung
Colon
Rectum
Thyroid
Brain
Which is a risk factor for cancer? (Select all that apply.)
Environmental irritants
Alcoholism
Hereditary factors
Exposure to ultraviolet light
Ethnicity
For which possible sign of testicular cancer would the nurse encourage the patient to look for during self-testicular examination? (Select all that apply.)
Stomachache
Breast enlargement
Heavy feeling in the scrotum
Smooth consistency of testicle
Enlarged blood vessels in scrotum
The nurse expects which nursing intervention to be in the plan of care for a patient experiencing thrombocytopenia following chemotherapy to treat cancer? (Select all that apply.)
Take aspirin daily to promote blood flow.
Avoid all sexual contact
Use a soft toothbrush for mouth care
Take antibiotics before elective surgery
Apply direct pressure for 5 - 10 minutes if bleeding occurs
How do cancer cells differ from normal cells? (Select all that apply.)
They replicate in an organized manner
Their cellular arrangement is abnormal
They have an irregular shape
They have abnormal chromosomes
They have a different mitosis process
The term (a) refers to the process by which a normal cell is transformed into a cancer cell.
Men over age 50 should consider an annual (a) test and rectal examination.
The American Cancer Society recommends beginning annual mammography from ages _____ to _____ .
(a)
A (a) test screens for occult blood in the stool.
The nurse remarks that the American Cancer Society (ACS) reports that cancer is the (a) leading cause of death in the United States.
