A child is brought by ambulance to the emergency department from an accidental overdose. The mother who accompanies the child is unsure of what blood pressure pills the child ingested. Which of the following might help to differentiate beta-blocker toxicity rather than calcium channel blocker toxicity?

Why are nondihydropyridine calcium channel blockers not recommended or preferred in acute decompensated heart failure?

During lead chelation therapy, the primary site of action for edetate calcium disodium (CaNa2EDTA) is bone. In order to prevent redistribution of lead into the CNS, which of the following agents should be used in combination with edetate calcium disodium?

A patient with tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) toxicity has started to develop hypotension despite fluid resuscitation and a sodium bicarbonate infusion. The patient has not had any ventricular dysrhythmias. What is the most appropriate treatment?

You are counseling a patient who is concerned about the ingestion of organic mercury compounds, particularly methylmercury, a potential contaminant in seafood. Which of the following symptoms would be concerning for methylmercury toxicity? (Select all that apply)

A 65-year-old female called in to request advice on first aid following a snakebite as she is planning a hiking vacation in the Grand Canyon. Which of the following is recommended in the first aid management of North American Pit Viper envenomation?

Which of the following can be used for the chelation of copper if there is a concern for toxicity?

A patient with Rheumatoid arthritis develops signs and symptoms concerning for methotrexate toxicity. What treatment can be used? (Select ALL that apply)

A 34-year-old male is presenting to the ED following snakebite to his right hand approximately 15 minutes ago. He discloses it was his pet monocellate cobra (Naja kaouthia), which he imported to the USA. He is diaphoretic, experiencing weakness, paresthesias, and numbness in the right and with swelling extending proximal to the right wrist. In regards to the use of antivenom, which of the following would be the most appropriate response at this time? (Select all that apply)

A 34-year-old male is presenting to the ED following snakebite to his right hand approximately 15 minutes ago. He discloses it was his pet monocellate cobra (Naja kaouthia), which he imported to the USA. He is diaphoretic, experiencing weakness, paresthesias, and numbness in the right and with swelling extending proximal to the right wrist. In regards to the use of antivenom, which of the following would be the most appropriate response at this time? (Select all that apply)

A 23-year-old male presents to the ED following a snakebite while he was hiking outside of Phoenix, Arizona, when he was bitten on the right hand after clearing debris from the trail. He did not see the snake, but there are two puncture marks on his hand and pain and swelling extending proximal to the wrist. The team in the ED discussed using Anavip (Crotalidae equine immune F(ab')2) and reviewing the patient's medical record; he has no past medical history but reports an allergy to penicillin (rash), and papaya (anaphylaxis). Which of the following is the most appropriate recommendation at this time?

You have a patient who received a complete course of Crofab for a snakebite earlier that day. Unfortunately, the erythema, edema, and pain of the extremity where the envenomation occurred by the snake bite were present at the time of CroFab initiation has not resolved but is also no longer progressing. Which of the following is the most appropriate recommendation at this time?

A patient is brought to the emergency department after a reported amitriptyline overdose with desipramine. Which of the following EKG changes is commonly seen due to this type of toxicity? (Select ALL that apply)

Which of the following most accurately describes the mechanism of action for sodium bicarbonate in beta-blocker toxicity?

A 44-year-old female presents to the emergency department (ED) following an intentional overdose of an unknown drug and unknown quantity. Per EMS, she was bradycardic (HR 22 bpm) and hypotensive (80/-- mmHg) with a GCS of 6 on initial evaluation, prompting emergent rapid sequence intubation (RSI; using etomidate and succinylcholine) with a supraglottic airway and IV sodium chloride 0.9% 1 L bolus. Upon ED presentation, the patient has a GCS of 3T with unchanged vital signs (HR 25 bpm, BP 80/33 mmHg, Temp 99F, O2 99%) and a finger stick glucose of 240 mg/dL. Which of the following is the most likely medication that was ingested

What phase of the cardiac action potential within the ventricular myocardium is mainly affected by tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and creates most of the problems in patients who overdose on them?

A 44-year-old female presents to the emergency department with complaints of shortness of breath. On physical exam, pertinent positive findings include tachypnea and hyperpnea with a temperature of 101 F. All other findings are within normal limits. Her home medication list includes aspirin 325 mg by mouth daily, Fiorinal 2 tablets every 8 hours as needed for headache, and BC Powder 1 packet every 6 hours as needed for headache. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A 3-year-old male accidentally ingested antifreeze when left unsupervised in his parent's garage. The ingestion occurred approximately 30 minutes before the presentation. What is the most appropriate action at this time?

A patient with a suspected pulmonary embolism was started on unfractionated heparin in the emergency department. The patient develops an intraocular hemorrhage. What treatment would you recommend?