WorksheetsBasic Nursing Book Ch. 26 and 88 Digestive System and Disorder
Total questions: 49
Worksheet time: 26mins
CHAPTER 26:
The nurse is reviewing with a client the digestive pathway. The nurse asks the client to place the steps in the correct sequence. Which is correct?
1. The physical breakdown of food is accomplished by the process of mastication.
2. The chemical breakdown of food occurs by the release of various enzymes.3. The process of churning the food takes place in the pylorus of the stomach.
4. Absorption of the dissolved molecules occurs in the small intestine. The molecules are then taken into circulation.
5. Dilution of the food entering the digestive tract is accomplished by water and various enzymes.
1, 3, 2, 5, 4
2, 4, 3, 5, 1
3, 5, 2, 1, 4
4, 2, 5, 1, 3
What is the function of the salivary gland?
It senses the temperature and texture of food and accordingly releases needed saliva.
Its secretions are mixed with gastric juices and churned until it is in a semiliquid form called chyme.
It stimulates contractions that results in continuation of the act of swallowing and pushes the food into the esophagus.
Secretion helps in moistening the food, making it easier to swallow and preventing oral infections.
What are functions of the incisor teeth? Select all that apply.
Cut food
Tear food
Grind food
Crush food
Hold food
Which statement describes the process of deglutition?
Alternate contraction and relaxation of muscles that sends food down through the digestive tube
Act of chewing
Process of transferring broken-down food elements into the circulation for transport
Process of swallowing
Which client diagnosis will result in altered mastication?
Broken jaw
Gastric ulcer
Strep throat
Nut allergy
Which statement about intrinsic factor is accurate?
Stimulates the secretion of hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen
Stimulates the pancreas to secrete enzymes and the gallbladder to release bile
Produced by the parietal cells in the gastric mucosa
Secreted by the duodenum and jejunum in response to the presence of fat in the duodenum
What information about the process of digestion is important for the nurse to provide about gastrin? Select all that apply.
Stimulates the secretion of hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen
Stimulates the pancreas to secrete enzymes and the gallbladder to release bile
Produced by the parietal cells in the gastric mucosa
Secreted by the jejunum in response to the presence of fat in the duodenum
It is required for the effective absorption of vitamin B12
The client demonstrates understanding when stating that carbohydrates are broken down into what substances? Select all that apply.
Glycerol
Amino acid
Glucose
Galactose
Fructose
Damage to what structure of the tooth requires either a root canal procedure or removal of the tooth?
Crown
Pulp
Dentin
Root
Which enzymes are responsible for facilitating the formation of proteins into amino acids? Select all that apply.
Pepsin
Trypsin
Maltase
Lactose
Chymotrypsin
Which is vital to the body's proper metabolism?
Stomach
Gallbladder
Pancreas
Liver
What statement concerning catabolism is correct?
Sum total of all the changes, both physical and chemical, that occur within the body
Amount of energy used by the body at rest
Breakdown of larger molecules into smaller molecules
Involves the synthesis of simpler substances to form new, organized substances
What is a function of the pancreas?
Secretes the hormones insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin into the bloodstream
Stores fat-soluble vitamins (vitamins A, D, E, K) and iron
Forms vitamin A; stores vitamin B complex
Stores glucose as glycogen
Which part of the colon absorbs about 80% of the body's water to help prevent dehydration?
Small intestine
Distal colon
Proximal colon
Large intestine
What is an effect of aging on the digestive system?
Food tends to stay in the stomach for a shorter period of time
Nutrient absorption is increased due to reduction in the size of villi
Older adults tend to have an inadequate fluid intake
Peristalsis speeds up with age
What physiological mechanism may lead to the development of heartburn?
Inadequate closure of lower esophageal sphincter
Improper relaxation of the internal anal sphincter
Impaired closure of the ileocecal valve
Partial relaxation of the pyloric sphincter
What factor is known to decrease one's ability to taste?
The client's stomach may be irritated.
The client has a short frenulum.
The client may be experiencing achalasia.
The client may be a smoker.
What response by the client indicates understanding of the cause of pernicious anemia?
Lack of vitamin K causes pernicious anemia.
Lack of vitamin B₁2 causes pernicious anemia.
Lack of amino acids causes pernicious anemia.
Lack of starch molecules causes pernicious anemia.
The nurse is caring for a 3-month-old baby who has been diagnosed with pyloric stenosis. For which sign should a nurse assess?
Projectile vomiting
Milk regurgitation
Swallowing problems
Diarrhea
What action occurs when bile is released by the gallbladder?
Breakdown of protein
Formation of urea
Emulsification of fat
Synthesis of immunoglobulin
CHAPTER 88:
Which structures are considered accessory organs of digestion? Select all that apply.
A.) Mouth B.) Anus
Liver
Gallbladder
Stomach
Pancreas
For which client would a nurse who is an enterostomal therapist be consulted?
A client with enterocolitis
A client with a peptic ulcer
A client with an ileostomy
A client with pancreatitis
The nurse is scheduling blood tests for a client suspected of having pancreatitis. Which test detects inflammation or disease of the pancreas, or obstruction of surrounding ducts?
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
Cholesterol
Triglyceride levels
Serum amylase
The nurse is preparing a client who is experiencing rectal bleeding for an occult blood test. Which test is the most inexpensive and simplest test used to detect occult blood in the stool?
Hematest
Culture and sensitivity study
HemoQuant stool test
Albumin test
A client presents at the ER with signs and symptoms of gallstones. What test would be the preferred diagnostic tool to confirm this condition?
Angiography
Ultrasound
Computed tomography
Nuclear uptake scan
A client has been prescribed polyethylene glycol 3350 and electrolytes oral solution before a barium study. What instruction should the nurse provide to this client regarding its method of use?
Mix the solution thoroughly before drinking.
Drink the solution in the evening and again in the morning.
Drink the solution along with a glass of warm milk.
Eat high-fiber foods the evening before the procedure.
A client is scheduled for a cholecystogram to confirm the presence of gallstones. Which would the nurse instruct the client to do to prepare for this procedure?
Eat foods rich in fat the night before the x-ray study.
Take a radiopaque dye via an enema.
Eat nothing for 12 hours after taking radiopaque dye.
Continue smoking and chewing gum before the test, if desired.
A nurse is preparing a client with severe gastrointestinal reflux disease (GERD) for a test to determine the extent of damage caused by the disorder. Which test should be ordered for this client?
Cholecystogram
Lower GI series
Colonoscopy
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)
A client is to undergo endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Before the procedure, what client education should the nurse provide?
Procedure will be done under general anesthesia.
Fullness and pressure may be felt in the stomach.
Endoscopic tube may hinder normal breathing.
Procedure will take 2 to 3 hours.
The physician has ordered an endoscopic procedure for a client to directly visualize the stomach and duodenum for tumors. The nurse knows that which test should most likely be scheduled?
Gastroscopy
Esophagoscopy
Colonoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy
The nurse is preparing a client who is undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) to facilitate the passage of stones in the common bile duct. Which teaching point should the nurse provide this client?
The procedure will be performed under general anesthesia.
Oxygen will be given because the endoscope will hinder breathing.
Avoid aspirin, ibuprofen, or anticoagulants 5 to 7 days before the test.
The procedure will take 1 to 2 hours to perform.
The nurse is caring for a client following a liver biopsy. Which postoperative intervention is recommended?
Position the client on the left side.
Apply pressure to the biopsied side for 4 to 6 hours.
Take vital signs hourly for 24 hours.
Observe the client for signs of dehydration.
The nurse is caring for a client with a Levin GI suction tube. Which nursing care guideline is recommended for this type of tube?
Irrigate tube frequently with small amounts of saline or air to keep it patent.
Clear the air port with air to keep it open and keep the distal tip from the wall of the stomach.
Provide nasotracheal suctioning because swallowing is impossible.
Use a humidifier to keep the skin and secretions moist.
The nurse is removing a nasogastric tube at the bedside of a client. Which steps are recommended for this procedure? Select all that apply.
Clamp the tube before removal.
Pull the tube harder if resistance is encountered.
Ask the client to hold his or her breath when pulling out the tube.
Pull out the tube slowly, and then quickly, when the client coughs.
Place the tube in a towel and discard in appropriate receptacle.
The nurse is providing nutrition for a postoperative client who has a normally functioning GI tract. Which would be the best form of nutrition for this client?
Total parenteral nutrition
Hyperalimentation
Parenteral nutrition
Enteral nutrition
A client is undergoing bariatric surgery in the morning. The nurse reinforces the explanation that the procedure will design a smaller stomach to form a gastric pouch, and the pouch will then be connected directly to the jejunum (bypassing the rest of the stomach and the duodenum). The nurse is preparing the client for what type of bariatric surgery?
Laparoscopic gastric band
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
Vertical sleeve gastrectomy
Biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch
The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with Crohn disease who had surgery to create a continent bowel diversion. Which describes this type of surgery?
The client's own tissues are formed into internal receptacles for stool.
An opening is made into the colon and intestines are brought outside the body.
An opening is made in the ileum and intestines are brought outside the body.
A loop of intestine is brought through a stoma to allow for feces drainage.
A client has undergone a colostomy and is wearing an ostomy pouch at the beltline. What information should the nurse include in the client education?
Avoid lifting heavy weights for about 2 months.
Avoid lifting weights heavier than 10 pounds.
Avoid swimming and taking a shower.
Avoid drinking Gatorade and broth.
Which client would the nurse monitor for stomatitis?
A client diagnosed with diabetes
A client diagnosed with kidney failure
A client undergoing a bone marrow transplant
A client diagnosed with emphysema
What nursing care measure should the nurse provide for a client who has developed oral canker sores?
Add iodized salt to the client's diet.
Ask the client to apply a silver nitrate stick, as ordered.
Ask the client to chew a few peanuts several times a day.
Provide nasogastric tube feedings to let the mouth rest.
The nurse is providing teaching for a client diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which guideline is recommended to help relieve the symptoms of this disorder? Select all that apply.
Elevate the head of the bed.
Avoid lying down for at least 2 hours after meals.
Eat fewer, but larger meals.
Stop smoking
Do not wear tight belts or waistbands.
What should the nurse include in the diet of a client diagnosed with a peptic ulcer?
Fresh fruits
Milk
Popcorn
Coffee
A client has been diagnosed with a functional obstruction of the intestine. Which type of obstructions is the most likely diagnosis?
Volvulus
Paralytic ileus
Stenosis
Intussusception
Which disorder is the most common functional disorder of the GI tract, causing increased motility of the small or large intestine?
Constipation
Diarrhea
Irritable bowel syndrome
Ulcerative colitis
A client with a family history of ulcerative colitis is to undergo a screening test for early detection of colon cancer. In what group is colon cancer more common?
Clients who have frequent diarrhea
Clients between the age of 30 and 35
Clients who consume a low-calorie diet
Clients who show monilial patches on the tongue
A morbidly obese client is diagnosed with hepatitis. What intervention should the nurse implement when caring for the client?
Encourage intake of large amounts of water
Suggest high-intensity exercise on alternate days
Keep the head of the bed parallel to the floor
Have the client wear rubber-soled shoes
A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with a duodenal ulcer. What sign and symptom noticed during nursing assessment indicates a potential hemorrhagic complication?
Bradycardia
High blood pressure
Hard and tender abdomen
Coffee ground vomitus
A nurse is caring for a client being treated for spastic colitis. What sign and symptom should be reported to the physician for further evaluation?
Diarrhea
Flatulence
Abdominal pain
Fever
A nurse is caring for a female client diagnosed with anorexia nervosa. What would the nurse observe during the nursing assessment of the client?
Menorrhagia
Rapid pulse
Alopecia
Hypertension
