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The Human Body in Health = Ch 23: Digestive System

Total questions: 125

Worksheet time: 1hrs 3mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Chapter 23: Digestive System:

Which of the following best describes the chewing of food?

a)

Emulsification

b)

Mechanical digestion

c)

Peristalsis

d)

Absorption

2.

Which of the following best describes why food moves through the digestive system from the mouth toward the anus?

a)

Emulsification

b)

Mastication

c)

Defecation

d)

Peristalsis

3.

Food moves through the esophagus to the

a)

cecum.

b)

duodenum.

c)

stomach.

d)

common bile duct.

4.

The fundus, body, and pylorus are parts of the

a)

small intestine.

b)

large intestine.

c)

biliary tree.

d)

stomach.

5.

The stomach mixes and mashes a bolus of food that is called

a)

feces.

b)

flatus.

c)

chyle.

d)

chyme.

6.

A paralytic ileus is caused by a cessation of

a)

peristalsis.

b)

mastication.

c)

emulsification.

d)

deglutition.

7.

The appendix

a)

is located in the right upper quadrant.

b)

can rupture and cause peritonitis.

c)

is attached to the sigmoid colon.

d)

is located in the dorsal cavity.

8.

Which of the following form(s) the large intestine?

a)

Duodenum, ileum, and jejunum

b)

Colon

c)

Fundus, body, and pylorus

d)

Sphincter of Oddi and ampulla of Vater

9.

What is the most important nerve of the digestive tract?

a)

Phrenic

b)

Sciatic

c)

Vagus

d)

Olfactory

10.

Bile is not found in which structure?

a)

Cystic duct

b)

Liver

c)

Pancreas

d)

Duodenum

11.

What is the site of most chemical digestion?

a)

Stomach

b)

Mouth

c)

Cecum

d)

Duodenum

12.

What is the site of absorption for most end-products of digestion?

a)

Duodenum and jejunum

b)

Ileum

c)

Colon

d)

Stomach

13.

Which surgical procedure is most likely to cause dumping syndrome?

a)

Appendectomy

b)

Colostomy

c)

Gastrectomy

d)

Cholecystectomy

14.

Which organ secretes the most potent of the digestive enzymes?

a)

Liver

b)

Pancreas

c)

Duodenum

d)

Spleen

15.

Which of the following best describes the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum?

a)

Colon

b)

Biliary tree

c)

Hepatic portal circulation

d)

Small intestine

16.

The word hepatic refers to the

a)

pancreas.

b)

portal vein.

c)

mesentery.

d)

liver.

17.

The sigmoid is part of the

a)

small intestine.

b)

colon.

c)

hepatic portal circulation.

d)

stomach.

18.

The common bile duct empties its contents into the

a)

stomach.

b)

base of the esophagus.

c)

duodenum.

d)

cecum.

19.

Which structure prevents gastric reflux?

a)

Pyloric valve

b)

Ileocecal valve

c)

Lower esophageal sphincter

d)

Anal sphincter

20.

This organ synthesizes clotting factors, stores vitamins, detoxifies drugs, and helps regulate blood glucose levels.

a)

Pancreas

b)

Liver

c)

Stomach

d)

Appendix

21.

The cecum is part of the

a)

duodenum.

b)

large intestine.

c)

biliary tree.

d)

stomach.

22.

Which membrane resembles an apron draped over the abdominal organs?

a)

Cecum

b)

Omentum

c)

Cementum

d)

Gingiva

23.

Enamel, dentin, and cementum are related to which structure?

a)

Tooth

b)

Liver

c)

Colon

d)

Villi

24.

Deciduous, baby, and milk are descriptive for which structure(s)?

a)

Gums

b)

Sinuses

c)

Teeth

d)

Tonsils

25.

The appendix is attached to which structure?

a)

Cecum

b)

Stomach

c)

Pylorus

d)

Sigmoid

26.

The elimination of gas that is produced during digestion and released from the anus is called

a)

flatulence.

b)

eructation.

c)

deglutition.

d)

mastication.

27.

Emulsification is most associated with which substance?

a)

Trypsin

b)

Hydrochloric acid

c)

Bile

d)

Ptyalin

28.

Which enzyme is found in saliva?

a)

Bile

b)

Trypsin

c)

Ptyalin

d)

Lipase

29.

Which of the following produces amino acids as its end-product of digestion?

a)

Bile

b)

Lipase

c)

Trypsin

d)

Amylase

30.

Which of the following produces the disaccharides as its end-products of digestion?

a)

Lipase

b)

Amylase

c)

Hydrochloric acid

d)

Gastrin

31.

Which of the following is least characteristic of glucose?

a)

Monosaccharide

b)

Carbohydrate

c)

An end-product of digestion by a disaccharidase

d)

Trypsin

32.

Gingiva refers to the

a)

teeth.

b)

microvilli.

c)

gums.

d)

tongue.

33.

Deglutition refers to

a)

chewing.

b)

peristalsis.

c)

swallowing.

d)

burping.

34.

Chyle is found in the

a)

portal vein.

b)

stomach.

c)

lacteals.

d)

pancreas.

35.

Which organ produces bile and secretes it into the hepatic ducts?

a)

Pancreas

b)

Gallbladder

c)

Spleen

d)

Liver

36.

Parotid, sublingual, and submandibular refer to

a)

parts of the large intestine.

b)

digestive enzymes.

c)

salivary glands.

d)

hepatic ducts.

37.

The wall of which structure secretes cholecystokinin?

a)

Stomach

b)

Pylorus

c)

Duodenum

d)

Cecum

38.

Gastrin, secretin, and cholecystokinin are

a)

secreted by the stomach.

b)

amylases.

c)

emulsifying agents.

d)

hormones.

39.

Cholecystokinin regulates the secretion of

a)

ptyalin.

b)

bile.

c)

mucus.

d)

saliva.

40.

The primary function of which organ is to deliver chyme to the duodenum at the proper rate?

a)

Esophagus

b)

Colon

c)

Liver

d)

Stomach

41.

The wall of which structure secretes the disaccharidases?

a)

Gallbladder

b)

Duodenum

c)

Pancreas

d)

Stomach

42.

What is the chief organ of drug detoxification?

a)

Pancreas

b)

Cecum

c)

Liver

d)

Stomach

43.

The portal vein carries blood that is rich in digestive end-products to which organ?

a)

Liver

b)

Pancreas

c)

Duodenum

d)

Pylorus

44.

Which flap of tissue prevents food and water from entering the respiratory passages?

a)

Appendix

b)

Uvula

c)

Palatine tonsils

d)

Epiglottis

45.

Which of the following refers to the roof of the mouth?

a)

Uvula

b)

Tonsil

c)

Frenulum

d)

Palate

46.

What is the tube that carries food from the pharynx to the stomach?

a)

Trachea

b)

Esophagus

c)

Pylorus

d)

Ampulla of Vater

47.

What is the sphincter that allows food to enter the stomach from the esophagus?

a)

Sphincter of Oddi

b)

Pyloric sphincter

c)

Lower esophageal sphincter

d)

Oral sphincter

48.

Which of the following structures allow(s) the stomach to expand?

a)

Chief cells

b)

The appendix

c)

Villi

d)

Rugae

49.

Which structure is located between the cecum and the transverse colon?

a)

Appendix

b)

Ileocecal valve

c)

Sigmoid

d)

Ascending colon

50.

The pyloric sphincter is located between the duodenum and what structure?

a)

Stomach

b)

Common bile duct

c)

Jejunum

d)

Esophagus

51.

The ampulla of Vater and the sphincter of Oddi are located between the common bile duct and what structure?

a)

Gallbladder

b)

Liver

c)

Pylorus

d)

Duodenum

52.

The duodenum

a)

receives partially digested food from the jejunum.

b)

pumps food through the sphincter of Oddi into the ampulla of Vater.

c)

is the site where most digestion and absorption occur.

d)

forms both the hepatic and splenic flexures.

53.

Which structure contains the villi, microvilli, and brush border cells?

a)

Stomach

b)

Esophagus

c)

Cecum

d)

Duodenum

54.

The cecum, colon, and rectum are parts of which structure?

a)

Hepatic portal system

b)

Small intestine

c)

Large intestine

d)

Biliary tree

55.

The liver lobule secretes

a)

bile.

b)

cholecystokinin.

c)

lipase.

d)

chyle.

56.

The cystic duct, common bile duct, and hepatic ducts

a)

are parts of the biliary tree.

b)

carry chyle.

c)

are parts of the small intestine.

d)

are parts of the hepatic portal circulation.

57.

Which of the following is most likely to cause ascites and esophageal varices?

a)

Common bile duct obstruction

b)

Gallstones

c)

Stenosis of the pyloric valve

d)

Increased portal vein pressure

58.

Which of the following is a digestive enzyme?

a)

Gastrin

b)

Trypsin

c)

Cholecystokinin

d)

Secretin

59.

Which of the following is a hormone?

a)

HCl

b)

Cholecystokinin

c)

Trypsin

d)

Lipase

60.

Which statement is true?

a)

Cholecystokinin is an amylase.

b)

Secretin is stored in the gallbladder.

c)

Trypsin is secreted by the liver.

d)

Trypsin is an enzyme that digests protein.

61.

Sucrase, maltase, and lactase are

a)

secreted by the pancreas.

b)

gastric enzymes.

c)

disaccharidases.

d)

emulsifying agents.

62.

Amylases

a)

digest carbohydrates.

b)

emulsify fat.

c)

are gastric hormones.

d)

are proteolytic.

63.

Which of the following is true of lipase?

a)

Digests fats

b)

Emulsifies fats

c)

Synthesizes fats from fatty acids and glycerol

d)

Stimulates the walls of the duodenum to secrete cholecystokinin

64.

Which condition is most likely to be caused by pyloric stenosis?

a)

Diarrhea

b)

Jaundice

c)

Projectile vomiting

d)

Ascites

65.

Which condition is associated with the base of the esophagus, fundus of the stomach, and diaphragm?

a)

Pyloric stenosis

b)

Cholecystitis

c)

Portal hypertension

d)

Hiatal hernia

66.

Which of the following is caused by portal hypertension?

a)

Cholecystitis

b)

Jaundice

c)

Esophageal varices

d)

Cirrhosis of the liver

67.

Which of the following is most related to esophageal reflux?

a)

Inguinal hernia

b)

Hemorrhoids

c)

Pyrosis

d)

Appendicitis

68.

Hydrochloric acid, intrinsic factor, and gastrin are

a)

hormones.

b)

enzymes.

c)

secreted by the stomach.

d)

disaccharidases.

69.

Peristalsis

a)

cannot be affected by drugs.

b)

is caused by contraction of smooth muscle.

c)

only occurs within the small intestines.

d)

normally moves chyme into the biliary tree.

70.

Which of the following does not communicate with the common bile duct?

a)

Cystic duct

b)

Duodenum

c)

Portal vein

d)

Hepatic duct

71.

A drug that blocks vagal activity

a)

slows GI motility and reduces GI secretions.

b)

increases the secretion of bile.

c)

speeds up peristalsis.

d)

causes diarrhea.

72.

An antacid drug exerts its effect in the

a)

buccal cavity.

b)

common bile duct.

c)

hepatic portal circulation.

d)

stomach.

73.

Pain in the RLQ is most characteristic of

a)

hiatal hernia.

b)

dumping syndrome.

c)

appendicitis.

d)

GERD.

74.

Which structure is located between the common bile duct and the duodenum?

a)

Cystic duct

b)

Hepatic duct

c)

Pyloric valve

d)

Sphincter of Oddi

75.

Obstruction of the common bile duct causes

a)

pain in the RLQ.

b)

GERD.

c)

jaundice.

d)

lactose intolerance.

76.

Lactose intolerance is a _____ problem.

a)

disaccharidase

b)

HCl

c)

bile

d)

cholecystokinin (CCK)

77.

Impaired hepatic function

a)

causes a deficiency of intrinsic factor and pernicious anemia.

b)

often causes plasma drug levels to increase to toxic concentrations.

c)

causes lactose intolerance.

d)

causes gastric reflux and pyrosis.

78.

Which of the following is least related to fat digestion?

a)

Trypsin

b)

Bile

c)

Cholecystokinin

d)

Lipase

79.

The hepatic flexure does not involve the

a)

ascending colon.

b)

esophagus.

c)

transverse colon.

d)

large intestine.

80.

The splenic flexure does not involve the

a)

ascending colon.

b)

large intestine.

c)

descending colon.

d)

transverse colon.

81.

Which group is incorrect?

a)

Salivary glands: sublingual, submandibular, parotid

b)

Small intestine: duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum

c)

Digestive enzymes: amylase, protease, lipase

d)

Large intestine: ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid

82.

Which group is incorrect?

a)

Cells in the stomach: chief, parietal, mucus-secreting

b)

Hormones: gastrin, secretin, cholecystokinin

c)

Blood vessels of the portal system: portal vein, superior mesenteric vein, splenic vein

d)

Biliary tree structures: cystic duct, portal vein, common bile duct

83.

Which of the following is true of the salivary glands?

a)

Include the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands

b)

Secrete the most important of the digestive enzymes

c)

Secrete approximately 1 ml of saliva/day

d)

Secrete trypsin

84.

The stomach

a)

digests and absorbs most dietary fat.

b)

is lined with microvilli to maximize absorption.

c)

is attached distally to the jejunum and proximally to the esophagus.

d)

delivers chyme to the duodenum.

85.

Paralytic ileus is the

a)

inability to swallow.

b)

aspiration of food into the respiratory structures.

c)

slowing or cessation of GI motility.

d)

herniation of the fundus of the stomach into the thoracic cavity.

86.

Which of the following describes gastric function?

a)

Secretion of intrinsic factor

b)

Secretion of HCl

c)

Delivery of chyme to the duodenum

d)

All of the above

87.

Which of the following is characteristic of bile?

a)

Aids in the digestion of fats

b)

Achieves emulsification

c)

Classified as a lipase

d)

Two of the above

88.

Lipases, proteases, and amylases are

a)

gastric hormones.

b)

synthesized by the liver.

c)

digestive enzymes.

d)

necessary for the emulsifying action of bile.

89.

Fat digestion is accomplished by

a)

chyme and trypsin.

b)

bile and lipase.

c)

chyle and bile.

d)

amylase and ptyalin.

90.

Chyle and bile are most related to

a)

glucose, fructose, and galactose.

b)

intrinsic and extrinsic factor.

c)

fat and lacteal.

d)

trypsin and pepsin.

91.

The gallbladder

a)

contracts in response to cholecystokinin.

b)

synthesizes bile.

c)

concentrates and stores lipases.

d)

does all of the above.

92.

Which of the following is not a function of the liver?

a)

Makes blood-clotting factors such as prothrombin

b)

Synthesizes bile

c)

Secretes cholecystokinin and secretin

d)

Stores fat-soluble vitamins

93.

The pancreas

a)

secretes the most potent digestive enzymes.

b)

responds to both CCK and secretin.

c)

is only important because of its exocrine function.

d)

A and B are both true.

94.

Which of the following is true of the appendix?

a)

It is located in the RLQ

b)

Secretes several CCK and secretin

c)

Hangs off the end of the hepatic flexure

d)

Secretes trypsinogen

95.

The common bile duct

a)

delivers blood to the hepatic portal circulation.

b)

ejects bile into the main pancreatic duct.

c)

empties bile into the duodenum.

d)

delivers bile to the gallbladder for storage.

96.

Which of the following does not directly connect to the duodenum?

a)

Cecum

b)

Jejunum

c)

Pylorus

d)

Common bile duct

97.

Relaxation of the sphincter of Oddi allows

a)

chyme to be delivered to the duodenum.

b)

bile to enter the duodenum from the common bile duct.

c)

bile to enter the gallbladder.

d)

blood to enter the stomach from the esophagus.

98.

The canaliculi, hepatic duct, and cystic duct

a)

carry bile.

b)

are biliary tree structures.

c)

are part of the hepatic portal circulation.

d)

Two of the above are true.

99.

Which of the following is (are) true of cholecystokinin (CCK)?

a)

Secreted by the walls of the duodenum in response to the presence of fat

b)

Stimulates the LES to relax

c)

Stimulates the pancreas to secrete insulin

d)

All of the above

100.

The vagus nerve

a)

innervates only the upper GI tract.

b)

is sympathetic.

c)

secretes norepinephrine as its neurotransmitter.

d)

speeds up gut motility and secretion.

101.

Which drug action increases gut motility and is therefore used in the treatment of paralytic ileus?

a)

Eliminates acetylcholine (ACh)

b)

Activates muscarinic receptors

c)

Acts as a vagolytic

d)

Blocks norepinephrine

102.

Which word encompasses the study of the stomach and intestines?

a)

Choledocholithiasis

b)

Tracheoesophageal fistula

c)

Gastroenterology

d)

Hepatobiliary dysfunction

103.

Peristalsis is best described as

a)

Chemical digestion

b)

Deglutition

c)

Motility

d)

Emulsification

104.

The mesentery, mesocolon, and omentum are

a)

peritoneal membranes.

b)

mucous membranes.

c)

located within the thorax.

d)

segments of the small intestine.

105.

This structure is located between the pylorus and the jejunum.

a)

Stomach

b)

Duodenum

c)

Cecum

d)

Esophagus

106.

This structure is located between the lower esophageal sphincter and pyloric sphincter.

a)

Stomach

b)

Duodenum

c)

Pancreas

d)

Esophagus

107.

The gastric parietal cells

a)

maintain the gastric pH in the alkaline range.

b)

secrete acid and all emulsifying agents.

c)

secrete HCl and intrinsic factor.

d)

secrete HCl and vitamin B12.

108.

Most digestion and absorption takes place within the

a)

stomach.

b)

esophagus.

c)

colon.

d)

duodenum and part of the jejunum.

109.

Which of the following is not true of CCK (cholecystokinin)?

a)

Stimulates the gallbladder to secrete bile

b)

Secreted by the walls of the duodenum in response to the presence of fat

c)

Classified as a hormone

d)

Classified as a lipase

110.

Which of the following is not true of bile?

a)

It functions as an emulsifying agent.

b)

It is secreted by the liver lobules into the hepatic portal system.

c)

It helps absorb fats and fat-soluble vitamins.

d)

It is secreted in response to CCK.

111.

This organ secretes most of the plasma proteins, including albumin and many of the clotting factors.

a)

Pancreas

b)

Liver

c)

Pylorus

d)

Cecum

112.

Which of the following is not true of the pancreas?

a)

It secretes bicarbonate in response to secretin.

b)

Its secretion makes the duodenal contents alkaline.

c)

It secretes the most potent of the digestive enzymes.

d)

Its enzymatic secretions drain into the hepatic portal system.

113.

Which of the following words is most related to the microvilli?

a)

Peristalsis

b)

Digestion

c)

Emulsification

d)

Absorption

114.

Which of the following is true?

a)

Lipases are emulsifying agents.

b)

Amylases digest carbohydrates.

c)

Pepsin is an amylase.

d)

Trypsin is a lipase.

115.

Trypsin

a)

is secreted by the liver.

b)

is lipolytic.

c)

is an emulsifying agent.

d)

produces small peptides and amino acids as digestive end-products.

116.

Which of the following is true of the following: pepsin, trypsin, amylase, and lipase? All are

a)

proteases.

b)

emulsifying agents.

c)

hormones secreted by the GI tract.

d)

digestive enzymes.

117.

The common bile duct

a)

receives bile from the portal vein.

b)

empties directly into the duodenum.

c)

pumps bile into the main pancreatic duct.

d)

delivers bile to the portal vein.

118.

The hepatic portal system delivers

a)

bile from the liver to the gallbladder for storage.

b)

pancreatic enzymes to the small intestine.

c)

end-products of digestion from the GI tract to the liver via blood.

d)

bile from the gallbladder to the common bile duct.

119.

The hepatic flexure, splenic flexure, cecum, and colon are all

a)

parts of the biliary tree.

b)

proximal to the LES.

c)

parts of the large intestine.

d)

parts of the hepatic portal system.

120.

The sphincter of Oddi, ampulla of Vater, and cystic duct

a)

drain into the portal vein.

b)

are biliary structures.

c)

carry pancreatic enzymes to the duodenum.

d)

connect the pylorus to the duodenum.

121.

These blood vessel structures allow for the mixing of arterial and venous blood in the liver.

a)

Bile ducts

b)

Venules

c)

Arterioles

d)

Sinusoids

122.

Chemical digestion of protein begins in the ______ and is completed in the _______.

a)

stomach, small intestine

b)

small intestine, large intestine

c)

small intestine, liver

d)

stomach, large intestine

123.

Starch digestion begins in the

a)

stomach.

b)

small intestine.

c)

large intestine.

d)

mouth.

124.

The role of HCl in digestion is

a)

to break down protein to amino acids.

b)

to unravel proteins so they can be digested by proteases.

c)

to increase pH to promote digestion.

d)

All of these are functions of HCl.

125.

Cellulose

a)

is broken down into disaccharides.

b)

is the storage form of carbohydrates in animals.

c)

is dietary fiber that cannot be digested by humans.

d)

is an enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates.

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