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WorksheetsClimatology Full Quiz
Total questions: 68
Worksheet time: 34mins
Which of the following is NOT another name for a Mid-Latitude Cyclone?
Frontal depression
Hurricane
Temperate cyclone
Mid-Latitude Depression
True or False: A Mid-Latitude Cyclone is a high-pressure cell with warm and cold fronts attached to it.
True
False
In which stage of a mid-latitude cyclone's life cycle does the cold front catch up to the warm front, forming an occluded front?
Formative Stage
Mature Stage
Occluded Stage
Dissipating Stage
The type of rainfall typically associated with a warm front in a mid-latitude cyclone.
Light rainfall over a large area for a long period
Heavy rainfall over a small area
What is 'wind backing' ?
a mid-latitude travelling from west to east
a mid-latitude cyclone being transported by the westerly winds
change in wind direction as the mid-latitude cyclone passes over an area. It is caused by the clockwise rotation of the air.
A tropical cyclone that forms in the Atlantic Ocean is known as a _______.
Hurricane
Typhoon
A tropical cyclone that forms in the Western Pacific Ocean is called a _______.
Hurricane
Typhoon
Which of the following is a necessary condition for the formation of a tropical cyclone?
Sea surface temperatures of at least 27°C.
A location directly on the Equator.
A strong high-pressure system.
The presence of a warm front.
True or False: Tropical cyclones are given a name and a symbol on a synoptic chart during their formative stage.
True
False
Why is the weather in the eye of a mature tropical cyclone clear and calm?
strong winds
clear and calm
heavy rainfall
storm surges
What is a storm surge?
strong winds
clockwise rotation of air
heavy rainfall
a rise in sea level (high seas) caused by the the strong winds of a tropical cyclone
A tropical cyclone will begin to dissipate (weaken) when it:
Moves over warmer ocean water.
Experiences a rapid drop in air pressure.
Enters the mature stage.
Moves over land or colder seas.
True or False: One of the positive impacts of mid-latitude cyclones is that they are responsible for winter rainfall in the Western Cape of South Africa.
True
False
True or False: In a mid-latitude cyclone, the cold front moves faster than the warm front.
True
False
A tropical cyclone is given a name during which stage of its development?
Formative Stage
Immature Stage
Mature Stage
Dissipating Stage
The cloud bank that surrounds the eye of a tropical cyclone is called the _______.
cold front
eye
eye wall/vortex
warm front
True or False: A key characteristic of a mid-latitude cyclone is that it has an extended core of low pressure and oval-shaped isobars.
True
False
Which of the following is NOT a precaution that might be taken for an approaching mid-latitude cyclone?
Closure of mountain passes
Planning advanced evacuation procedures
Grounding of small aircraft
Advising ships to depart from port
A tropical cyclone needs Coriolis force to form. This force is necessary to...
Heat the ocean surface to 27°C.
Create a high-pressure cell.
Start a vortex (circulating air).
Cause the air in the eye to descend.
True or False: Mid-latitude cyclones occur in families where a cold front from an earlier depression connects with a cold front from a younger depression.
True
False
The type of rainfall typically associated with a cold front in a mid-latitude cyclone.
Light rainfall over large area for long period
Heavy rainfall over small area
Middle-latitude cyclones last:
a few days to more than a week
one day at most
a few hours
at least a month
This is the symbol for a _______________
warm front
cold front
stationary front
occluded front
The diagram shown represent a(n):
occluded front
warm front
stationary front
cold front
The diagram shown depicts a(n)
occluded front
cold front
warm front
Stationary front
Cyclones are centers of __________ pressure.
High
Low
Warm
Cold
Air rotates around a Mid-Latitude Cyclone in a _____________ and _____________ direction in the Southern Hemisphere.
Clockwise and inward
Clockwise and outward
Anticlockwise and outward
Anticlockwise and inward
MLC s always move from ......
West to East
East to West
North East to South West
North to South
As Cold front moves over areas in South Africa wind __________ from _________ to __________.
rotate SW NW
veer SW NW
veer NW SW
back NW SW
Pressure __________ as the cold front appoaches and ___________ as the front moves away.
Increases decreases
Decrease increases
Increases remains constant
Decrease remains constant
Cold fronts move over the Western Cape....
all year
mainly in summer
mainly in winter
not at all
Winds increase as a Cold Front moves over because......
Rapid down drafts
Rapid uplift
Gradual uplift
Gradual down drafts
What creates the low pressure system at the surface?
Cool, dry air sinking
Warm, moist air sinking
Warm, moist air rising
Cool, dry air rising
The eye forms at the center of the tropical cyclone.
At the eye of the tropical cyclone, cool and dry air is _____.
sinking
rising
What happens when a tropical cyclone makes landfall?
*Landfall refers to the point where the center of a tropical cyclone meets the coastline.
Weakens
Picks up speed
Stronger wind speeds
Smaller storm surge
Which hemisphere is this tropical cyclone found in?
Northern Hemisphere
Southern Hemisphere
What are the dangers of a tropical cyclone?
Check all the possible answers.
strong winds
storm surges
high relative humidity
earthquakes
What is used to measure the strength of a hurricane?
Fujita Scale
Weather Men
Weather Women
Saffir/Simpson Scale
This is...
storm surge
thunderstorm
high pressure system
relative humidity
The steeper the pressure gradient, the __________ the winds.
Stronger
Weaker
Which of the following are the three high-pressure cells that dominate South Africa's weather?
The Atlantic High, the African High, and the Indian High
The Namib High, the Karoo High, and the Mozambique High
The South Atlantic High, the Kalahari High, and the South Indian High
The Benguela High, the Escarpment High, and the Agulhas High
In winter, the Kalahari High Pressure system leads to which condition over the interior plateau?
Heavy rainfall and thunderstorms
An inversion layer below the escarpment, preventing moist air from reaching the plateau
The formation of coastal lows and fog
The development of tropical cyclones
What is a "Berg Wind"?
A cold, moist wind blowing from the sea onto the land
A gentle, onshore breeze that causes summer rain
A strong wind that forms ahead of a cold front
A hot, dry wind caused by air subsiding down the escarpment from the Kalahari High
A "Cut-off Low" is a major cause of what weather phenomenon in the southern and central parts of South Africa?
Flooding
Veld fires
Frost
Drought
Line thunderstorms in South Africa often occur to the east of which feature?
A coastal low
A ridging anticyclone
A moisture front
A cut-off low
The cold Benguela Current on South Africa's west coast causes which typical weather conditions?
Humid air and a high likelihood of rain
Warm, unstable air that leads to thunderstorms
Cold air with very little moisture, often leading to fog
Moderate temperatures and winter rainfall
How does the steep escarpment on the eastern side of the country affect the weather on the plateau during winter?
It channels cold air onto the plateau, causing frost
It has no effect on winter weather
It encourages moist air to rise, leading to winter rain
It prevents moist air from reaching the interior, resulting in dry conditions
In the Southern Hemisphere, which slopes are generally warmer?
South-facing slopes, because they face away from the pole
North-facing slopes, because they receive direct rays from the sun
West-facing slopes, because they get the afternoon sun
All slopes are of equal temperature
A wind that blows up the slopes of a mountain during the day is called...
A katabatic wind
An anabatic wind
At night, cold, dense air sinks down the valley sides due to gravity. This wind is known as a...
Anabatic wind
Katabatic wind
What is a "thermal belt"?
The coldest part of the valley floor where frost forms
A fast-moving wind that flows through the valley centre
A layer of fog that develops halfway up the slope
A layer of displaced warm air that settles halfway to two-thirds up the valley side at night
Frost pockets are most likely to form at the bottom of a valley under which conditions?
Cloudy and windy summer nights
Calm and clear winter nights
Warm and humid summer days
Stormy winter afternoons
An "Urban Heat Island" refers to a situation where...
a city experiences the same temperature as the surrounding rural areas.
the air temperature of a city centre is cooler than its surrounding suburban areas.
a city is built on a naturally warm geographical feature.
the air temperature of a city centre is warmer than the air temperature of surrounding rural areas.
Why do artificial surfaces in cities contribute to higher temperatures?
They reflect more heat than vegetation does.
They absorb heat better than vegetation in rural areas.
They allow for more evaporation, which has a warming effect.
They are lighter in colour and retain less heat.
Which of the following is an effect of higher temperatures on a city's weather?
Lower humidity and less frequent rainfall.
Between 5% and 10% less cloud cover than rural areas.
More frequent rainfall and thunderstorms.
The formation of a strong, stable high-pressure system.
How do high-rise buildings typically affect wind speed within a city?
They always increase the overall wind speed by up to 30%.
They create obstacles that can slow the wind speed by up to 30%.
They have no significant effect on wind speed.
They prevent wind from being channelled between them.
What is a "pollution dome"?
A mass of clean air trapped above a city by an inversion layer.
A cloud of pollution that only forms over rural areas.
A mass of polluted air in and above a city that is prevented from rising by an inversion layer.
The natural layer of ozone that protects a city from radiation.
Which of the following is a primary cause of urban pollution domes?
The release of oxygen from parks and green belts.
Vehicle exhausts and the burning of fossil fuels.
The reflection of heat from glass buildings.
The cooling effect of evaporation from rivers.
A "pollution plume" is formed when...
a pollution dome is washed away by heavy rain.
local wind blows pollutants from the city to the suburbs.
pollution levels drop significantly due to greening strategies.
an inversion layer traps clean air over the city
Which of the following is considered a "greening" strategy to reduce the urban heat island effect?
Painting all building surfaces black to absorb heat.
Channelling all stormwater directly into drains to keep surfaces dry.
Increasing the number of parks and open green spaces.
Replacing all vegetation with artificial turf.
How do roof-top gardens help lower temperatures in a city?
They are dark surfaces that radiate heat away from the building.
They replace heat-absorbing materials like concrete and tar with plants.
They require more energy for heating and cooling the building.
They channel hot air down into the building below.
On a weather map showing the temperature of an urban area, what is an isotherm?
A line connecting places with the same wind speed.
A symbol indicating a pollution dome.
A line that connects places with the same temperature.
The boundary between the urban and rural area.
