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WorksheetsAnatomy & Physiology Fundamentals
Total questions: 100
Worksheet time: 50mins
What is the biological study of structure?
Physiology
Histology
Anatomy
Homeostasis
Anatomy can be divided into gross anatomy and what other subfield?
Pathoanatomy
Microanatomy
Neuroanatomy
Systemic anatomy
The study of anatomical structures which can be seen by unaided vision is known as:
Gross anatomy
Microanatomy
Physiology
Histology
Physiology is the biological study of what aspect of living organisms?
Structure
Function
Development
Disease
What process does physiology include the study of, which involves maintaining a stable internal environment?
Filtration
Homeostasis
Distention
Absorption
Which single plane passes through the center of the body's long axis and divides it into equal left and right halves?
Sagittal plane
Frontal plane
Transverse plane
Median plane
Any plane which is parallel to the medial plane is known as a:
Sagittal plane
Transverse plane
Frontal plane
Coronal plane
The transverse plane divides the body into what two segments?
Left and right
Dorsal and ventral
Medial and lateral
Cranial and caudal
What is the name for the plane that lies at right angles to both the medial and transverse planes, dividing the body into back and belly segments?
Sagittal plane
Frontal (coronal) plane
Median plane
Transverse plane
A hollow area inside the body is called a:
Membrane
Quadrant
Cavity
Organ
The abdominopelvic cavity is a combination of which two cavities?
Cranial and spinal
Dorsal and ventral
Abdominal and thoracic
Abdominal and pelvic
The abdominopelvic cavity is divided into four quadrants. What does RUQ stand for?
Right unilateral quadrant
Right upper quadrant
Right umbilical quadrant
Renal upper quadrant
The cutaneous membrane is also known as the:
Internal organs
Serous fluid
Skin
Mucus
Which membrane lines and protects the inside of your body and makes mucus?
Serous membrane
Synovial membrane
Mucous membrane
Cutaneous membrane
Synovial membranes are found in the cavities of synovial joints where they secrete a fluid to:
Protect the bones from friction
Lubricate and cushion joints
Keep the joints moist
Support the joints
What is the directional term for 'toward the head of the body'?
Inferior
Superior
Posterior
Proximal
The foot is considered an inferior extremity. What does 'inferior' mean?
Farther from the midline
Farther from the head
Nearer to a point of reference
The shoulder blades are located on the posterior side of the body. 'Posterior' means:
Toward the backside of the body
Toward the front of the body
Toward the head
Toward the feet
The kneecap is located on the anterior side of the leg. What is the directional term that is the opposite of 'anterior'?
Superior
Inferior
Medial
Posterior
The proximal end of the femur joins with the pelvic bone. 'Proximal' means:
Nearer to the point of reference
Farther from the point of reference
Closer to the midline
Farther from the midline
What is the directional term for 'farther from the point of reference'?
Proximal
Medial
Distal
Lateral
The middle toe is located at the medial side of the foot. 'Medial' means:
Closer to the midline of the body
Farther from the midline of the body
Toward the head
Toward the back
The little toe is located at the lateral side of the foot. 'Lateral' means:
Closer to the midline
Farther from the midline of the body
Nearer to a point of reference
Farther from a point of reference
The term for 'below the surface' is:
Exterior
Superficial
Internal
Deep
The term for 'on the surface' is:
Internal
Deep
Exterior
Superficial
Which of the following pairs of directional terms are opposites?
Proximal and Medial
Superior and Anterior
Internal and Superficial
Deep and Superficial
The nose is located at the central part of your face. What does 'central' mean?
At or near the edge
Farther from the midline
At or near the middle
At the wall of a body cavity
The term for 'at or near the edge' is:
Central
Peripheral
Visceral
Parietal
The parietal membrane lines the wall of a body cavity. 'Parietal' means:
At the wall of a body cavity
Within a body cavity
At or near the edge
Near the surface
A visceral organ is located:
At the wall of a body cavity
Within a body cavity
Near the surface of the body
At the midline of the body
A folding movement which decreases the angle between two bones is called:
Flexion
Extension
Abduction
Adduction
What type of movement increases the angle between two bones?
Flexion
Extension
Abduction
Adduction
The movement of your hands and feet away from the medial plane, as in doing jumping jacks, is called:
Adduction
Flexion
Abduction
Extension
The movement of crossing your legs, which brings your thighs closer to the medial plane, is an example of:
Adduction
Abduction
Flexion
Extension
The anterior regional term for the forehead is:
Frontal
Nasal
Orbital
Buccal
The regional term for the armpit is:
Cervical
Sternal
Thoracic
Axillary
The regional term for the breast bone is:
Mammary
Brachial
Acromial
Sternal
The regional term for the palm is:
Carpal
Palmar
Pollex
Digital
The regional term for the thumb is:
Pollex
Hallux
Carpal
Tarsal
The regional term for the leg is:
Femoral
Tarsal
Crural
Pubic
The posterior regional term for the base of the skull is:
Cephalic
Occipital
Olecranal
Vertebral
The regional term for the shoulder blade is: __________
Scapular
Femoral
Cervical
Patellar
The regional term for the sole of the foot is:
Calcaneal
Hallux
Plantar
Tarsal
The prefix 'hypo-', as in hypodermic, means:
Below, underneath or lower than normal
Above or higher than normal
Within
Inner or inside
The prefix 'hyper-', as in hypertrophy, means:
Below, or lower than normal
Above or higher than normal
Within
Outer or outside
What does the prefix 'sub-', as in subcutaneous, mean?
Above
Below or under
Within
Inner
The prefix 'intra-', as in intravenous, means:
Within
Outer or outside
Inner or inside
Above
What does the prefix 'endo-', as in endometrium, mean?
Within or inside
Outside or external
Above or over
Between or among
Which of the following means 'Inner or inside'?
Inner or inside
Outer or outside
Middle
Within
What does the prefix 'poly-', as in polyuria, mean?
One or single
Few or a few
Many or too many
None or without
The suffix '-phobic' means:
Hating or fearing
Loving or liking
Inflammation
Diseased condition
The suffix '-itis', as in sinusitis, means:
To cut out
To cut into
To form an opening
Inflammation
What does the suffix '-ectomy', as in tonsillectomy, mean?
To cut out
To cut into
To form an opening
Inflammation
The suffix '-ostomy', as in colostomy, means:
To cut out
To cut into
To form an opening
Diseased condition
The suffix '-osis', as in endometriosis, means:
Diseased condition
Inflammation
The basic unit of a chemical element is a(n):
Atom
Molecule
Cell
Tissue
A group of atoms bonded together is a(n):
Molecule
Cell
Tissue
Organ
The smallest structural unit of an organism which is considered living is a(n):
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organism
What is a group of similar cells organized into a structural and functional unit?
Organ
Tissue
Organ system
Organism
A group of organs organized into a structural and functional unit is a(n):
Organ
Organ system
Organism
Tissue
The final organizational level, which is the combination of all of the organ systems working together, is a(n):
Organism
Organ system
Organ
Which of the following is NOT one of the four major elements in the body listed in the material?
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Calcium
What is the term for the process of producing a substance from cells and fluids within a gland and discharging it?
Absorption
Filtration
Secretion
Distention
The passage of material through the lining of an organ or through a cell membrane is called:
Secretion
Absorption
Filtration
Concentration
Which process involves expanding, swelling, or inflating due to pressure?
Secretion
Absorption
Distention
Filtration
What are the four main types of tissue listed in the material?
Adipose, epithelial, bone, nervous
Simple, stratified, muscular, epithelial
Epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous
Loose, dense, muscular, nervous
Epithelial tissue forms the glands and outer portion of the skin, and also lines:
body cavities and organs
muscle fibers
cartilage
bone marrow
The term epithelial describes tissues which form:
Thick insulating layers
Connective and supportive units
Muscle fibers for contraction
Thin protective layers on exposed bodily surfaces
Simple epithelium consists of how many layers of epithelial tissue?
A single layer
At least two layers
Three or more layers
A variable number of layers
Which type of epithelial tissue is a single layer of flat, scale-like cells that lines the air sacs of the lungs?
Simple cuboidal epithelium
Simple squamous epithelium
Stratified squamous epithelium
Transitional epithelium
Simple cuboidal epithelium is a single layer of cube-shaped cells that can be found in the:
Kidney tubules
Gastrointestinal tract
Outer layer of the skin
Heart and blood vessels
Which type of epithelial tissue is a single layer of rectangular-shaped cells that lines the gastrointestinal tract?
Simple squamous epithelium
Simple columnar epithelium
Simple cuboidal epithelium
Stratified columnar epithelium
What are the 'projecting threads' that describe ciliated cells in simple columnar epithelium?
Villi
Microvilli
Cilia
Flagella
Stratified epithelium consists of how many layers of cells?
A single layer
At least two layers
A variable number of layers, usually one
Less than two layers
Which type of epithelial tissue is found in the outer layer of the skin, mouth, and tongue, and has several layers of cells?
Simple squamous epithelium
Stratified squamous epithelium
Stratified cuboidal epithelium
Transitional epithelium
Stratified cuboidal epithelium is located in the ducts of sweat glands and serves to:
Aid in secretion
Permit distention
Protect the area
Move mucus
Which type of stratified epithelium is found in the bladder and permits distention?
Stratified squamous epithelium
Stratified cuboidal epithelium
Stratified columnar epithelium
Transitional epithelium
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium is described as:
A true stratified tissue with multiple layers.
A single layer of cells with projecting threads.
Not a true stratified tissue.
A tissue that permits distention.
Glandular epithelium is divided into exocrine glands and:
Endocrine glands
Mucous glands
Serous glands
Connective glands
Endocrine glands secrete what products directly into the blood?
Mucus
Wax
Digestive enzymes
Hormones
What is the main function of connective tissue?
To convert stimuli to nerve impulses
To contract and cause movement
To support, connect, and surround organs
To form protective layers on exposed surfaces
Which type of embryonic connective tissue forms all other kinds of connective tissue?
Mucous connective tissue
Mesenchyme
Loose connective tissue
Adipose tissue
The adult connective tissue known as 'fat tissue' is:
Dense collagenous connective tissue
Adipose tissue
Loose connective tissue
Reticular connective tissue
Which type of adult connective tissue allows for the stretching of organs?
Dense collagenous connective tissue
Elastic connective tissue
Loose connective tissue
Reticular connective tissue
Which of the following is NOT a type of cartilage?
Elastic cartilage
Fibrocartilage
Loose cartilage
Adipose cartilage
Bone tissue serves to:
Provide movement at joints
House blood forming tissue
Bind smooth muscle tissue cells
Allow stretching of organs
What is the primary function of blood tissue?
Provide movement
Provide support
Transport oxygen and blood
Bind structures together
Which of the following is NOT a type of muscular tissue?
Skeletal
Smooth
Cardiac
Nervous
Smooth muscle tissue is found in the hollow internal structures like the stomach to provide:
Support
Movement
Contraction
Lubrication
Nervous tissue is made up of nerve cells called: _________.
Neurons
Erythrocytes
Osteocytes
Chondrocytes
A stimulus is anything which causes a reaction to occur. What does nervous tissue do with a stimulus?
Converts it to a nerve impulse
Stores it for later use
Filters it out of the body
Secretes it
What is an organ?
A group of similar cells.
A group of organs working together.
A group of tissues which perform a specific function.
A complete individual living creature.
The heart is an example of an organ, where the main tissue is the myocardium, and sporadic tissues include:
Nervous tissues, blood, connective tissues, etc.
Only muscle tissue.
Only nervous tissue.
Only epithelial tissue.
What is the term for two or more different organs that work together to provide a common function?
Tissue
Organism
Organ system
Organ
The integumentary system, skeletal system, and muscular system are all examples of:
Body membranes
Body cavities
Organ systems
Connective tissues
The final organizational level, which is a combination of all organ systems working together, is a(n):
Organ
Organ system
Organism
Cell
The prefix 'ecto-', as in ectoderm, means:
Inner or inside
Outer or outside
Middle
Many
What does the prefix 'meso-', as in mesometrium, mean?
Inner or inside
Outer or outside
Middle
Below or under
The suffix '-philic', as in hydrophilic, means:
Hating or fearing
Loving or liking
Inflammation
Diseased condition
The thoracic regional term refers to the:
Neck
Shoulder
Chest
Arm
