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AP Psychology: History of Psychology — Multiple Choice Questions

Total questions: 25

Worksheet time: 13mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Plato’s belief that reality is divided between the physical and non-physical world is most consistent with which psychological perspective?

a)

Empiricism

b)

Dualism

c)

Structuralism

d)

Behaviorism

2.

A psychologist designs an experiment to identify the elements of thought through introspection. This best reflects which perspective?

a)

Functionalism

b)

Structuralism

c)

Psychoanalysis

d)

Humanistic

3.

Which perspective focuses on how mental processes such as memory and problem solving influence behavior?

a)

Behaviorism

b)

Cognitive Psychology

c)

Gestalt Psychology

d)

Evolutionary Psychology

4.

A researcher studies how aggression may have increased survival chances in early humans. Which perspective is guiding this study?

a)

Humanistic Psychology

b)

Positive Psychology

c)

Evolutionary Psychology

d)

Cognitive Psychology

5.

The belief that knowledge comes only from sensory experience best matches which concept?

a)

Empiricism

b)

Dualism

c)

Gestalt Psychology

d)

Psychoanalysis

6.

Which psychologist is credited with establishing the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany?

a)

William James

b)

Wilhelm Wundt

7.

Who argued that humans are born as a “blank slate” (tabula rasa)?

a)

René Descartes

b)

Aristotle

c)

John Locke

d)

Plato

8.

Which figure is associated with functionalism and wrote Principles of Psychology?

a)

William James

b)

Edward Titchener

c)

Carl Rogers

d)

B.F. Skinner

9.

Freud would interpret a recurring dream about falling as evidence of:

a)

Learned behavior

b)

Unconscious conflict

c)

Cognitive processing

d)

Social conditioning

10.

Who emphasized free will, personal growth, and self-actualization?

a)

A) Abraham Maslow

b)

B) B.F. Skinner

c)

C) John B. Watson

d)

D) Jean Piaget

11.

A therapist teaches a child to overcome fear of dogs by gradually pairing dogs with candy. Which figure’s work most directly inspired this method?

a)

Ivan Pavlov

b)

Martin Seligman

c)

Carl Rogers

d)

Jean Piaget

12.

Which modern area of psychology most directly grew out of Martin Seligman’s emphasis on human strengths?

a)

Evolutionary Psychology

b)

Positive Psychology

c)

Humanistic Psychology

d)

Cognitive Psychology

13.

A student compares how Eastern and Western cultures define success. Which perspective would most likely guide this research?

a)

Sociocultural

b)

Biological

c)

Behaviorism

d)

Functionalism

14.

A cognitive psychologist would criticize behaviorism for ignoring:

a)

Environmental reinforcement

b)

Internal mental processes

c)

Evolutionary adaptations

d)

Sociocultural influences

15.

Which perspective would be most interested in how neurons communicate in the brain during memory recall?

a)

Psychoanalysis

b)

Biological/Neuroscience

c)

Gestalt

d)

Structuralism

16.

Which figure’s work most directly challenged Plato’s idea of innate knowledge?

a)

Aristotle

b)

Freud

c)

Pavlov

d)

Maslow

17.

If Freud and Skinner were debating, Freud would likely argue Skinner ignored which critical element of human behavior?

a)

Conscious decision-making

b)

Cognitive schemas

c)

The unconscious mind

d)

Cultural differences

18.

Which perspective best explains why people perceive a melody as a “whole song” rather than separate notes?

a)

Gestalt

b)

Behaviorism

c)

Evolutionary

d)

Functionalism

19.

A psychologist designs a curriculum to foster creativity, resilience, and life satisfaction. Which figure’s ideas most directly inspire this?

a)

Martin Seligman

b)

William James

c)

B.F. Skinner

d)

John Locke

20.

Jean Piaget’s work emphasized:

a)

Stages of cognitive development in children

b)

The unconscious conflicts driving personality

c)

The influence of reinforcement on learning

d)

Cultural differences in behavior

21.

Who would most likely disagree with the claim that “conscious thought is central to psychology”?

a)

Freud

b)

Watson

c)

Rogers

d)

Maslow

22.

Which of the following best represents functionalist thinking?

a)

A) “What is the purpose of memory for survival?”

b)

B) “What are the smallest units of thought?”

c)

C) “How does reinforcement increase behavior?”

d)

D) “What unconscious desires drive behavior?”

23.

Why is Wilhelm Wundt often called the “Father of Psychology”?

a)

He emphasized unconscious drives.

b)

He founded the first experimental psychology lab.

c)

He created the hierarchy of needs.

d)

He pioneered evolutionary psychology.

24.

Which pair correctly matches a figure with their contribution?

a)

Skinner → Structuralism

b)

Maslow → Self-actualization

c)

Pavlov → Functionalism

d)

Darwin → Psychoanalysis

25.
Who had the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany?
a)
William James
b)
Edward Titchner
c)
Wilhelm Wundt
d)
G. Stanley Hall