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OpenStax Psychology 2e - Chapters 1 & 2 Review Quiz

Total questions: 39

Worksheet time: 20mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following was mentioned as a skill to which psychology students would be exposed?

a)

all of the above

b)

critical evaluation of sources of information

c)

use of the scientific method

d)

critical thinking

2.

Before psychology became a recognized academic discipline, matters of the mind were undertaken by those in ________.

a)

physics

b)

philosophy

c)

chemistry

d)

biology

3.

In the scientific method, a hypothesis is a(n) ________.

a)

proposed explanation

b)

test

c)

measurement

d)

observation

4.

Based on your reading, which theorist would have been most likely to agree with this statement: Perceptual phenomena are best understood as a combination of their components.

a)

Noam Chomsky

b)

Carl Rogers

c)

William James

d)

Max Wertheimer

5.

________ is most well-known for proposing his hierarchy of needs.

a)

Abraham Maslow

b)

Noam Chomsky

c)

Sigmund Freud

d)

Carl Rogers

6.

Rogers believed that providing genuineness, empathy, and ________ in the therapeutic environment for his clients was critical to their being able to deal with their problems.

a)

unconditional positive regard

b)

Gestalt

c)

functionalism

d)

structuralism

7.

The operant conditioning chamber (aka ________ box) is a device used to study the principles of operant conditioning.

a)

Watson

b)

Koffka

c)

Skinner

d)

James

8.

A researcher interested in how changes in the cells of the hippocampus (a structure in the brain related to learning and memory) are related to memory formation would be most likely to identify as a(n) ________ psychologist.

a)

biological

b)

health

c)

clinical

d)

social

9.

An individual’s consistent pattern of thought and behavior is known as a(n) ________.

a)

psychosexual stage

b)

object permanence

c)

perception

d)

personality

10.

In Milgram’s controversial study on obedience, nearly ________ of the participants were willing to administer what appeared to be lethal electrical shocks to another person because they were told to do so by an authority figure.

a)

3/4

b)

4/5

c)

2/3

d)

1/3

11.

A researcher interested in what factors make an employee best suited for a given job would most likely identify as a(n) ________ psychologist.

a)

I-O

b)

clinical

c)

social

d)

personality

12.

If someone wanted to become a psychology professor at a 4-year college, they would probably need a ________ degree in psychology.

a)

master’s

b)

bachelor of art

c)

PhD

d)

bachelor of science

13.

The ________ places less emphasis on research and more emphasis on application of therapeutic skills.

a)

PhD

b)

dissertation

c)

PsyD

d)

postdoctoral training program

14.

Which of the following degrees would be the minimum required to teach psychology courses in high school?

a)

PhD

b)

PsyD

c)

master’s degree

d)

bachelor’s degree

15.

One would need at least a(n) ________ degree to serve as a school psychologist.

a)

bachelor’s

b)

master’s

c)

associate’s

d)

doctoral

16.

Scientific hypotheses are ________ and falsifiable.

a)

observable

b)

original

c)

provable

d)

testable

17.

________ are defined as observable realities.

a)

theories

b)

opinions

c)

facts

d)

behaviors

18.

Scientific knowledge is ________.

a)

intuitive

b)

empirical

c)

permanent

d)

subjective

19.

A major criticism of Freud’s early theories involves the fact that his theories ________.

a)

were too broad

b)

were too limited in scope

c)

were not testable

d)

were too outrageous

20.

Sigmund Freud developed his theory of human personality by conducting in-depth interviews over an extended period of time with a few clients. This type of research approach is known as a(n): ________.

a)

archival research

b)

survey

c)

naturalistic observation

d)

case study

21.

________ involves observing behavior in individuals in their natural environments.

a)

naturalistic observation

b)

archival research

c)

survey

d)

case study

22.

The major limitation of case studies is ________.

a)

the absence of inter-rater reliability

b)

the inability to generalize the findings from this approach to the larger population

c)

the superficial nature of the information collected in this approach

d)

the lack of control that the researcher has in this approach

23.

The benefit of naturalistic observation studies is ________.

a)

the ability to determine cause and effect in this particular approach

b)

the honesty of the data that is collected in a realistic setting

c)

how quick and easy these studies are to perform

d)

the researcher’s capacity to make sure that data is collected as efficiently as possible

24.

Using existing records to try to answer a research question is known as ________.

a)

longitudinal research

b)

survey research

c)

archival research

d)

naturalistic observation

25.

________ involves following a group of research participants for an extended period of time.

a)

naturalistic observation

b)

longitudinal research

c)

archival research

d)

cross-sectional research

26.

A(n) ________ is a list of questions developed by a researcher that can be administered in paper form.

a)

naturalistic observation

b)

survey

c)

case Study

d)

archive

27.

Longitudinal research is complicated by high rates of ________.

a)

generalization

b)

observation

c)

deception

d)

attrition

28.

Height and weight are positively correlated. This means that:

a)

Usually, the taller someone is, the thinner they are.

b)

Usually, the shorter someone is, the heavier they are.

c)

There is no relationship between height and weight.

d)

As height increases, typically weight increases.

29.

Which of the following correlation coefficients indicates the strongest relationship between two variables?

a)

–.90

b)

+.80

c)

–.50

d)

+.25

30.

Which statement best illustrates a negative correlation between the number of hours spent watching TV the week before an exam and the grade on that exam?

a)

Students who watch more television perform more poorly on their exams.

b)

Smart students watch less television.

c)

Viewing television interferes with a student’s ability to prepare for the upcoming exam.

d)

Watching too much television leads to poor exam performance.

31.

The correlation coefficient indicates the weakest relationship when ________.

a)

it is negative

b)

it is positive

c)

it is closest to -1

d)

it is closest to 0

32.

________ means that everyone in the population has the same likelihood of being asked to participate in the study.

a)

operationalizing

b)

placebo effect

c)

random assignment

d)

random sampling

33.

The ________ is controlled by the experimenter, while the ________ represents the information collected and statistically analyzed by the experimenter.

a)

dependent variable; independent variable

b)

independent variable; dependent variable

c)

experiment bias; placebo effect

d)

placebo effect; experimenter bias

34.

Researchers must ________ important concepts in their studies so others would have a clear understanding of exactly how those concepts were defined.

a)
  1. randomly assign

b)
  1. randomly select

c)
  1. operationalize

d)
  1. generalize

35.

Sometimes, researchers will administer a(n) ________ to participants in the control group to control for the effects that participant expectation might have on the experiment.

a)
  1. dependent variable

b)
  1. independent variable

c)
  1. statistical analysis

d)
  1. placebo

36.

________ is to animal research as ________ is to human research.

a)
  1. informed consent; deception

b)
  1. IACUC; IRB

c)
  1. IRB; IACUC

d)
  1. deception; debriefing

37.

Researchers might use ________ when providing participants with the full details of the experiment could skew their responses.

a)
  1. informed consent

b)
  1. deception

c)
  1. ethics

d)
  1. debriefing

38.

A person’s participation in a research project must be ________.

a)
  1. random

b)
  1. rewarded

c)
  1. voluntary

d)
  1. public

39.

Before participating in an experiment, individuals should read and sign the ________ form.

a)
  1. informed consent

b)
  1. debriefing

c)
  1. IRB

d)
  1. ethics