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WorksheetsLVN Quiz: ARDS and Respiratory Failure
Total questions: 15
Worksheet time: 8mins
ARDS is caused by trauma, sepsis, aspiration, or injury to the lungs that causes fluid leakage into the alveoli. This prevents gas exchange even when oxygen is given.
Trauma, sepsis, aspiration, or lung injury
Heart failure
Kidney failure
Liver disease
Symptoms include: severe dyspnea, hypoxemia that does not improve with oxygen, bilateral pulmonary infiltrates on chest x-ray, and retractions.
Severe dyspnea, hypoxemia, bilateral infiltrates, retractions
Cough, fever, night sweats
Headache, dizziness, nausea
Abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea
Nursing interventions: Place the patient on mechanical ventilation with PEEP to keep alveoli open.
Mechanical ventilation with PEEP
Administer antibiotics
Provide IV fluids
Perform chest compressions
Respiratory failure occurs when the patient cannot ventilate or oxygenate adequately. It can be ventilatory (muscle weakness, brain injury), oxygenation (pneumonia, embolism), or combined (COPD, asthma attack).
Ventilatory, oxygenation, or combined
Cardiac, renal, or hepatic
Neurological, gastrointestinal, or endocrine
Musculoskeletal, dermatological, or hematological
Symptoms include: dyspnea, confusion, restlessness, cyanosis, tachycardia, hypercarbia, and eventually loss of consciousness.
Dyspnea, confusion, restlessness, cyanosis, tachycardia, hypercarbia, loss of consciousness
Fever, chills, night sweats, weight loss
Headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness
Abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, bloating
Nursing interventions: Maintain airway and administer oxygen.
Maintain airway and administer oxygen
Administer diuretics
Provide nutritional support
Perform wound care
Which of the following is a common cause of acute respiratory failure?
Pneumonia
Hypertension
Hypothyroidism
Diabetes mellitus
What is the primary goal of nursing care for a patient with ARDS?
Promote weight gain
Increase urine output
Reduce blood glucose levels
Improve oxygenation and support ventilation
Which intervention is most appropriate for a patient experiencing hypoxemia despite supplemental oxygen?
Provide a high-protein diet
Encourage ambulation
Administer oral antibiotics
Initiate mechanical ventilation
Which of the following is a hallmark sign of ARDS on a chest x-ray?
Normal lung fields
Cardiomegaly
Unilateral pleural effusion
Bilateral pulmonary infiltrates
What is the most important initial assessment for a patient suspected of acute respiratory failure?
Measure urine output
Assess skin turgor
Check blood glucose levels
Evaluate airway patency and breathing
Which of the following conditions is most likely to require the use of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in mechanical ventilation?
Chronic kidney disease
Hypertension
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
Peptic ulcer disease
Which laboratory value is most indicative of hypoxemia in acute respiratory failure?
Elevated creatinine
Decreased PaO2
Increased blood glucose
Low platelet count
What is a common complication associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation in ARDS patients?
Hypertension
Renal calculi
Ventilator-associated pneumonia
Hyperthyroidism
Which of the following best describes the pathophysiology of ARDS?
Increased alveolar-capillary membrane permeability leading to pulmonary edema
Decreased production of red blood cells
Excessive mucus production in the bronchi
Obstruction of the upper airway by a foreign body
