the scientist who introduced the concept of moving continents and the former supercontinent called Pangea.

______ : rocks or chunks of metal ranging in size from a foot to several miles wide that orbit the Sun.

______ is the layer of the mantle where the Earth’s plate floats on its molten rock. The softer, flowing part of the mantle that the plates “float” on.

______ : an astronomical measurement based on the distance of the Earth from the Sun.

______ events that quickly destroy habitats and pose a threat to humans.

______ weathering caused by chemical reactions that cause chemical changes in the minerals that make up rocks.

______

______: a program designed to predict the consequences of a set of actions.

______ processes that contribute to the formation or reshaping of landforms.

______: crust found on land. The part of the crust that makes up the land; thicker but lighter.

______: the theory that continents move, join, and break apart.

______: currents that form deep in the Earth’s interior and bring heated material upwards while pulling cooler material down towards the interior of the Earth. The circular movement of hot rock rising and cooler rock sinking in the mantle, which causes plates to move.

______ : plate boundaries where two plates push together, causing one of the plates to sink into the mantle. Plates moving towards the same place.

______

______ the hole in the top of the volcano.

______ is the thin (about 25 miles deep on land), solid, outermost layer of the earth. The thin, outermost layer of the Earth where we live.

______: the physical process of turning a liquid into a solid.

______: the folding and fault lies created by the compression or stretching of rocks.

______: landforms created by the material deposited by rivers.

______: the depositing of eroded soil.

______ processes responsible for tearing landforms down or changing their structures.

plate boundaries that occur where two plates move apart from each other. Plates moving in different directions.

______

______: our home planet.

______: the longest division in the geological time scale covering billions of years.

What is the term for the divisions of geological eras that last three million years or longer?

What is a period of geological time lasting millions of years; divisions of geologic time that last hundreds of millions of years?

What is the movement of weathered rock called?

What are fractures in the Earth's surface that are caused by stress in the Earth's crust called?

What are fractures or breaks in the Earth's crust that often occur along plate boundaries called?

What are flat, low-lying areas next to rivers or oceans called?

What is the record of all fossils that have been found since the study of fossils began called?

What is a time scale for the history of the Earth called?

What is a calendar of Earth's history divided into different sections based on evidence found in rocks and fossils called?

What is the network that monitors earthquakes around the world called?

What is the name for the places where organisms live?

What is the time it takes for one half of the original, unstable atoms to decay called?

What are rocks formed from magma beneath the Earth's surface called?

What are fossils useful for relative dating because they represent organisms that lived over a widespread area but only for a relatively short period of time during geologic history called?

Which inner planets are closest to the sun?

What is the age of the dinosaurs and the first birds from 199 to 145 MYA called?

What is the name for lava on the surface of the earth?

What is the rigid outer layer of Earth made of the crust and the upper mantle called?

What is a combination of liquid rock material and dissolved gases under the surface of the earth called?

What is the second layer of the Earth's crust, the thick layer beneath the crust, made of hot, solid rock that can slowly flow called?

What is the fourth planet and the one most like Earth?

What is rock that is hot and liquid enough to move like plastic; melted into liquid by heat called?

What is the abbreviation in the geological time scale that stands for Millions of Years Ago?

What is the weathering of rock by wind, water, ice, or heat called?

What is the planet closest to the sun?

What are rocks changed by heat and pressure called?

What is an underwater mountain range formed when two plates move apart called?

What is weathering caused by living organisms called?

What is the part of the crust under the oceans; thinner but heavier called?

What is the study of fossils and prehistoric life called?

What is the 'age of fishes' from 541 million to about 252 MYA called?

What are divisions of geologic eras based on rock layers called?

What are locations where tectonic plates come together called?

What is the theory that Earth's lithosphere is broken into plates that move around called?

The age of one object compared to the age of another object is called ________.

Using relative age to date objects and strata; dating rock strata by layers for dating fossils by index fossils is called ________.

An arc of volcanoes that reaches from islands in the Pacific Ocean up through the Philippines and Japan and across the water to Alaska to California to South America is called the ________.

Size, distance, or another measurement in relationship to an actual thing is called ________.

A model drawn or made to the correct scaling factors is called a ________.

Divergent boundaries on the ocean floor that fill with magma which cools into new oceanic crust is called ________.

Rocks formed from deposited and compressed sediments are called ________.

The process of minerals suspended in fluid being deposited in layers as a solid is called ________.

The study of earthquakes and seismic waves is called ________.

Very fine grounded rock that can range in size from sand to dust is called ________.

Rocks that put pressure on biomass to create fossil fuels are called ________.

A rock formation growing from the roof of a cave is called a ________.

A rock formation growing from the floor of a cave is called a ________.

Layers of rock; rocks in layers are called ________.

The area where one plate at a convergent boundary sinks into the mantle is called the ________.

Where two plates slide past each other is called ________ boundaries.

A sunken area created by the melting of one plate and the bending of the other at a subduction zone is called a ________.

The time from 251 to 199 MYA when Pangea began to break up and life recovered from extinction at the end of the Paleozoic Era is called the ________.

A wave with great potential destruction force caused by an earthquake is called a ________.

The creation of mountains when tectonic plates collide is called ________.

An opening in the Earth's surface through which magma erupts is called a ________.

A mountain made from magma that has emerged from inside the Earth is called a ________.

When water carries eroded material, it is called ________.

Breaking down rocks into smaller pieces is called ________.

Erosion caused by wind carrying soil and rock fragments is called ________.