WorksheetsDIESEL ENGINE
Total questions: 90
Worksheet time: 45mins
Who developed the first 4-stroke running engine in 1878?
Karl Benz
Henry Ford
Nikolaus A Otto
Rudolf Diesel
What is a benefit of using a 3-cylinder engine over a 4- or 6-cylinder engine?
More components
Larger size
Less weight
Higher cost
Which type of vehicles commonly use 3- or 4-cylinder engines?
Large trucks
Small vehicles
Motorcycles
Airplanes
What is a downside of having fewer cylinders in an engine?
Increased smoothness
More components
Less smooth operation
Higher fuel consumption
How do manufacturers overcome the lack of smoothness in 3-cylinder engines?
Increase engine size
Use an additional balance shaft
Add more cylinders
Reduce engine power
What is the engine capacity of the Ford EcoBoost 3 cylinder engine?
1.0 litre
1.5 litre
2.0 litre
1.2 litre
How much horsepower does the Ford EcoBoost 3 cylinder engine produce?
100 BHP
115 BHP
130 BHP
90 BHP
What is the camshaft driven from?
The crankshaft at full crankshaft speed
The crankshaft at half crankshaft speed
The piston at full piston speed
The piston at half piston speed
Which of the following is NOT operated by the camshaft?
Exhaust valves
Ignition distributor
Alternator
Oil pump
What is the primary function of the crankshaft?
To convert rotary motion into reciprocating motion
To convert reciprocating motion into rotary motion
To connect the piston to the camshaft
To open and close the valves
What connects the piston to the crankshaft?
Camshaft
Crankshaft
Connecting rod
Cylinder head
What is usually contained in a casting fitted on the top of the cylinder block?
Combustion chamber, exhaust ports, inlet ports, water ways, oil way
Crankshaft, pistons, spark plugs, fuel injectors
Radiator, fan, alternator, battery
Transmission, differential, axles, wheels
What material is commonly used to manufacture the cylinder block?
Aluminium alloy
Plastic
Wood
Glass
What is the function of pistons in a cylinder?
Allow air or air-fuel mixture to flow in, compress the mixture, force exhaust gas out, provide downward movement
Store fuel, ignite the mixture, cool the engine, lubricate the parts
Transmit power to the wheels, change gears, support the vehicle, absorb shocks
Measure speed, display fuel level, control air conditioning, play music
What are the two types of valves mentioned in the document?
Inlet and outlet
Inlet and exhaust
Exhaust and outlet
Intake and outlet
What is the term used for the lowest point that the piston will reach in the cylinder?
TDC
BDC
Cylinder bore
Stroke
What does TDC stand for in engine design?
Top Dead Centre
Total Dead Centre
Top Drive Centre
Total Drive Centre
What does the term 'cylinder bore' refer to?
The length of the piston
The diameter of the cylinder
The height of the cylinder
The width of the piston
What is indicated by '2' in the diagram related to engine design?
Cylinder bore
Stroke
TDC
BDC
What is the usual fuel for engines that use compression ignition?
Petrol
Diesel
Natural gas
Ethanol
In a spark ignition engine, what causes the air and fuel to burn?
High pressure
A spark
Friction
Heat from the sun
How many main types of engine are there ?
One
Two
Three
Four
During the induction stroke of a four-stroke engine, what happens?
The piston moves up the cylinder
The inlet valve opens and the piston moves down
Both valves remain closed
A spark occurs at the spark plug
What happens during the exhaust stroke in a diesel engine?
The inlet valve opens and the piston moves down.
The exhaust valve opens and the piston moves up the cylinder.
The fuel is injected at low pressure.
The piston remains stationary.
In a diesel engine, how is the fuel ignited?
By a spark plug.
By high pressure injection near the end of the power stroke.
By heating the air in the cylinder.
By an external flame.
What is 'valve lead' in the context of engine strokes?
Both valves remain closed.
The inlet valve opens as the piston nears the end of the exhaust stroke.
The exhaust valve closes early.
The piston moves down without any valve action.
What is 'valve overlap' in engine operation?
Only the inlet valve is open.
Only the exhaust valve is open.
Both the inlet and exhaust valves are open as the piston passes TDC.
Both valves remain closed.
What is a major environmental issue with the two-stroke engine?
It uses too much fuel.
It requires frequent maintenance.
The oil is burnt with the fuel mixture.
It is too noisy.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the two-stroke engine?
It has fewer moving parts than a 4-stroke engine.
It has a valve gear, timing chains, and camshaft.
It operates on a 'total loss' lubrication system.
It is less fuel efficient than a 4-stroke engine.
What happens during the downward stroke above the piston in a two-stroke engine?
The exhaust port is uncovered and burned gases flow out.
The piston covers the transfer port.
The spark plug ignites the mixture.
The air and fuel mixture flows into the crankcase.
What is a characteristic of the Rotary engine?
High revving and smooth operation
Large power unit
Commonly used in modern vehicles
Manufactured by Ford
During the upward stroke below the piston, what occurs in a two-stroke engine?
The lower edge of the piston uncovers the inlet port.
The piston closes the inlet port.
The exhaust port is uncovered.
The spark plug ignites the mixture.
Why was the total loss lubrication system not environmentally friendly?
It used too much oil
It was difficult to manage pollutants
It was too expensive
It required frequent maintenance
What shape is the rotor that rotates inside the chamber?
Circular
Square
Triangular
Hexagonal
What happens when the rotor uncovers the inlet port?
The exhaust gases are released
The air and fuel mixture enters
The rotor stops rotating
The spark plug ignites
Which phase occurs in Chamber A during the first diagram?
Compression
Induction
Power
Exhaust
How are the cylinders arranged in a vee engine layout?
In a single line
In two banks
In a circular pattern
In a triangular formation
What is a characteristic of a flat engine design?
Cylinders are positioned vertically.
Cylinders are positioned horizontally.
Cylinders are positioned diagonally.
Cylinders are positioned in a V shape.
What is the main advantage of a naturally aspirated induction method?
It uses a turbocharger for increased power.
It relies on atmospheric pressure for air induction.
It requires a mechanical supercharger.
It uses an electric pump for air induction.
Which type of pressure charger is driven by the exhaust gas?
Mechanical supercharger
Electric supercharger
Exhaust turbocharger
Hydraulic supercharger
What is the formula for calculating the compression ratio?
Swept volume / Clearance volume
Swept volume + Clearance volume / Clearance volume
Clearance volume / Swept volume
Swept volume - Clearance volume / Clearance volume
What does the term "cylinder capacity" refer to?
The volume of air and fuel in the carburetor
The total volume of all cylinders in an engine
The volume of the fuel tank
The volume of the exhaust system
What is the unit used to measure torque?
Kilograms (kg)
Newton metres (Nm)
Horsepower (hp)
Litres (L)
At what speed does maximum power usually occur in an engine?
At a very low engine speed
At a fairly high engine speed
At idle speed
At maximum torque speed
What does the graph in the image represent?
Relationship between speed and fuel efficiency
Example torque and power graph
Temperature and pressure graph
Voltage and current graph
Apakah tujuan dilakukan pengukuran journal crankshaft?
Untuk mengetahui keausan.
Untuk mengetahui out-of-round.
Untuk mengetahui ketirusan
a, b, dan c benar.
Sebuah crankshaft dengan 9 main journal akan diukur TIR-nya. V-block diletakkan di main journal nomor 2 dan 8. TIR diukur pada main journal nomor berapa?
Nomor 3 dan 7.
Nomor 1 dan 9.
Nomor 1, 3, 7 dan 9.
Nomor 1 & 7
Cara teraman untuk mengukur clearance antara bearing dan journal adalah menggunakan plastigauge
Benar
Salah
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan gerak end play dari crankshaft?
Gerak naik turun dari crankshaft saat ditempatkan di cylinder block.
Gerak axial dari crankshaft.
Gerak radial dari crankshaft.
Selain mengukur journal diameter, crankshaft yang akan digunakan ulang juga diperiksa keausan thrust flange-nya. Apa kemungkinan yang terjadi jika thrust flange melebihi spesifikasi?
Gerak kiri kanan dari crankshaft bertambah besar
Gerak axial dari crankshaft bertambah besar.
Gerak radial dari crankshaft bertambah besar.
Jenis Connecting rod dan main bearings pada engine diesel Caterpillar adalah:
steel-backed bronze.
steel-backed lead babbit.
steel-backed aluminum alloy.
tapered roller bearing.
Apakah tujuan adanya crush height pada split half bearing?
Material berlebih.
Supaya pemasangan tepat.
Kerusakan bearing.
Supaya pemasangan bearing press fit.
Apakah penyebab bearing fretting?
Bearing bergerak.
Kelebihan torque.
Grade fuel yang salah.
Kelebihan bearing crush height.
Ketika clearance bearing diukur menggunakan plastic gauge, nilai clearance ditentukan oleh:
lebar Plastic gauge.
perpanjangan Plastic gauge.
ketebalan Plastic gauge.
kebulatan Plastic gauge.
Bentuk journal crankshaft dapat terlihat pada pola keausan bearing
Benar
Salah
Piston yang mempunyai bentuk oval ketika dingin dan menjadi bulat ketika panas disebut?
Ground pistons
Cam-ground pistons
Round-ground pistons
Slipper pistons
Apakah nama special tool yang digunakan untuk memasang piston assembly ke dalam cylinder liner?
Piston jig
Piston sleeve
Ring compressor
Ring guide
Rod cap connecting rod boleh dipasangkan tertukar dengan rod-nya karena setiap connecting rod dibuat secara presisi serupa satu sama lain.
Benar
Salah
Piston harus diganti jika clearance compression ring groove pertama atau ke dua telah melebihi spesifikasi
Benar
Salah
Selain mendinginkan piston, fungsi lain dari piston cooling jet adalah:
Melumasi pin piston melalui piston.
Melumasi connecting rod melalui pin piston.
Melumasi liner melalui piston.
What is the top of a piston called?
Expansion gap
Skirt
Crown
Ring
Which is the most common firing order?
1,3,4,2
1,2,3,4
4,2,1,3
4,3,1,2
Why should manufacturers instructions be used when carrying out engine repairs.
Repair completed before recommended time
Car is repaired quickly
Components are replaced correctly
Car is returned on time
An engine fitted with an Intercooler will have
Lower power output
A decreased volumetric efficiency
Increased volumetric efficiency
Reduced drag
An unusual noise emitting from the engine area would indicate
A possible fault
Excessive fuel consumption
A lack of power
A faulty radiator
What is the common valve adjustment rule on an 8 valve engine?
Rule of 6
Rule of 8
Rule of 9
Rule of 12
What is torque the measurement of?
Speed
Pressure
Output speed
Turning force
Which of the following will increase an engine's compression ratio?
Fitting larger big ends
Reducing the piston size
Increasing the piston height
Fitting smaller connecting rods
What is the capacity per cylinder of a 2.2 litre 4 cylinder engine.
220 ml
550 ml
600 ml
700 ml
What does TDC stand for
Turbo Diesel Car
Top Diesel Compression
Top Dead Center
Top Diesel center
Which of the following will cause an engine to overheat
Thermostat stuck open
Inlet valve over adjusted
restriction in heating pipes
Exhaust manifold gasket leaking.
Which of the following will cause the engine to rattle on start up when cold?
Incorrectly adjusted valve tappets
Excessively worn cam followers
Under adjusted valve clearance
Incorrectly adjusted drive belt
Which component delivers oil from the sump to the oil pump?
Oil Pressure Valve
Oil Strainer
Oil gallery
Oil Pump
Two types of common flow oil filter are
Semi-flow and by-pass
Full-flow and by-pass
By-pass and boundary
Full-flow and boundary
Engine oil thickness is classified by its
Viscosity
temperature
adhesiveness
Velocity
SAE stands for
Specification of automotive engines
Specification of automotive engineers
Society of automotive engineers
Society of aviation engineers
Prior to replacing an engine's main shell bearings, they should be
Lubricated with engine oil
refitted dry
Tightened with a ratchet
Left to soak overnight in oil
One examination method for an engine's lubrication system is
Block testing
Cylinder leakage test
Examination for external leaks
Pressure testing the cooling system
How should a technician check for a successful repair of a replacement head gasket
Check screen wash for external leaks
Run the engine until normal operating temperatures
Check engine oil pressure
Carry out coolant pressure test
API stands for
Automotive petroleum institute
American Petroleum Institute
American petroleum insurance
Automotive Paraffin institute
Oil Emulsification will signify an
External oil leak
Internal oil/coolant leak
External coolant leak
Internal pressure relief valve
What sensor measures water temperature
Thermostat
Oil pressure switch
Radiator core
Coolant temperature sensor
A cooling system is fitted with a pressurized cap in order to
Increase the coolant flow around the system
Increases the coolants boiling point
Lower the flow rate around the cooling system
Decrease the coolants boiling point
What must be taken into account when working on a vehicle's cooling system?
Pressure and time
Heat and pressure
Time and pressure
Weight and pressure
Heater matrix cores are manufactured from
Solid core tubes
Solid reflective tubes
Galvanized steel
Hollow cores with fins
In order to check the correct operation of a heater, the vehicle should be run until it
Has reached operating temperature
Has reached half operating temperature
Is at full throttle
Is idling when cold
Thermal conductivity is the amount of heat a particular substance can carry through it times by
Weight
Length
Temperature
Time
Adding a ratio of 70/30, antifreeze to water will raise the boiling point by
1 Degree C
5 Degree C
7 Degree C
13 Degree C
The cooling system design is called a
Thermo Siphon
Thermo expansion
Thermostatic contraction
Thermister expansion
Low oil pressure would be caused by
An internal cylinder leak
An external coolant leak
A stuck open pressure relief valve
Oil with a high viscosity rating
