The acclaimed Czech writer Karel Capek, in his drama, introduced the “word – ” to the world in 1921.

The first reprogrammable manipulator robot was developed by “George C devol” in the year 1950 called as.

The First generation robotic machines were designed to perform factory work, which needed by a human operator.

are equipped with sensors that can provide information about their surroundings.

consisted of more intelligent robotic machines that included advanced computers.

In the March 1942, Science Fiction author “ ” introduced The Three Laws of Robotics in his short story "Runaround".

Robots are widely used in automobile manufacturing industries to perform simple..............

The is the robot's brain and controls the robot's movements.

is a device used to manipulate materials without direct physical contact by the operator.

The use of the manipulator is to reach a predefine particular point and acts like a.

Robot arm is also termed as.

An is the peripheral device at the end of a robotic arm, designed to interact with the environment or task.

is the distance from the center of the robot to the fullest extension of the robotic arm.

Robot Speed is expressed in.

is a adaptor which provide a precise connection between the robot wrist and the end effector.

A robot has of freedom, it can operate in the x, y, and z planes.

are usually controlled by limit switches at each side of its swing.

is controlled and driven by servo mechanisms made of Servo motors.

robots has feedback mechanism which is used to move the manipulator accurately.

is commonly used for resistance spot welding and arc welding in high production applications, such as the automotive industry.

are designed to help standardize the distance and path the automatic sprayer takes.

A is a robot which operates semi- or fully autonomously to perform services useful to the well-being of humans and equipment, they exclude industrial automation applications.

, is a robot intended for direct human robot interaction within a shared space, or where humans and robots are in close proximity.

is the ability of the robot to repeatedly execute the same task.

Robots can be operated 24/7, increasing production minimizing.

Robots can work in environments and on tasks that are considered for human employees.

The average reliability of a robot cell is.

The anatomy of robot is also known as structure of robot.

The mechanical structure of a robotic manipulator is a mechanism, whose members are.

The robotic base and its connection to the first joint is termed as.

has 3 vertices. Therefore can be connected to 3 links.

Two links are connected together by a.

A is an example of a flexible link.

The joints in an industrial robot are helpful to perform sliding and movements of a component.

The O - joint is a symbol that is denoted for the in which the output and input links will be moving at the right angles.

Twisting joint will be referred as , and makes twisting motion among the output and input link.

is generally known as V – Joint. Here, the output link axis is perpendicular to the rotational axis, and the input link is parallel to the rotational axes.

The number of independent movements that an object can perform in a 3-D space is called the number of.

The number of degrees of freedom is to the total number of independent displacements or aspects of motion.

______________________are described by their degrees of freedom.

A manipulator should possess at least independent DOF, In which three for positioning and three for orientation, to move the end- effector to an arbitrary position and orientation in three dimensional space.

A manipulator is called a if at least one of the links of the mechanism possesses a general spatial motion.

A manipulator is called a if all the moving links move in planes parallel to one another.

The shape of the for each robot is uniquely related to its characteristics of robot configuration, links and wrist joints.

A robot's is its range of movement, and is the shape created when a manipulator reaches forward, backward, up and down.

A robot can only perform within the confines of this.

A is a complete system that includes the robot, controller, and other peripherals such as a part positioner and safety environment.

is a workstation which consists of at least one robot and its controller along with the safety measures.

configuration Uses three perpendicular slides to construct x,y and z axes, composed of three sliding joints, two of which are orthogonal also called XYZ Robot.

One advantage of robots with a is that their totally linear movement allows for simpler controls.

The base (X) axis of a is generally supported along its entire length, but the Y or Z axis is cantilevered.

A consists of a manipulator mounted onto an overhead system that allows movement across a horizontal plane.

Configuration robots have a Cylindrical work envelope.

A consists of two orthogonal slides, placed at a 90° angle, mounted on a rotary axis.

Configuration robots have a Spherical work envelope.

Motion in a plane perpendicular to the end of the arm is Roll, Pitch, Yawn.

Up And Down Motion Of The Wrist or Motion in vertical plane passing through the arm is called Roll, Pitch, Yawn.

Side To Side Movement Of Wrist or Motion in a horizontal plane that also passes through the arm is called Roll, Pitch, Yawn.

In robotics, an is a device or tool that's connected to the end of a robot arm to perform specific task.

The function of a are holding, tightening, handling and releasing of an object.

In Gripper the opening force of the gripper is used to hold the object.

A is used as an end effector in a robot for grasping the objects with its mechanically operated fingers.

An gripper is a robot end effector that grasps objects by literally sticking to them.

are the device attached to the robot’s wrist to perform a specific task and are used to perform processing operations on the work piece.

The factors required for selection and design to ensure proper gripping includes Orientation & Dimensions, Accessibility, Object Shape.

As a result, the gripper must be designed to hold a work part even when the is varied.

The study of is often referred to as the “geometry of motion.”

Kinematics is about simply describing.

The model gives relations between the position and orientation of the end effector and spatial positions of joint – links.

is the study of the relationship between a robot's joint coordinates and its spatial layout.

The robot has – number of joints and - number of links.

is measured in the right-hand sense about ai −1.

can be defined as the distance from the ai-1 to the ai axis measured along the zi axis.

The between the normals is measured in a plane normal to the joint axis and it is Variable if joint is revolute.

defines the motion of actuators connected by rigid links.

The for a serial-chain manipulator is to find the position and orientation of the end-effector relative to the base, by knowing the positions of all of the joints and the values of all of the geometric link parameters.

The process for a serial-chain manipulator is to find the values of the joint positions given the position and orientation of the end-effector relative to the base.

is the study of the relation between the applied forces/torques and the resulting motion of an industrial manipulator.

The drive systems are capable of moving robots with high power or speed.

The drive system are used in robots handling heavy loads.

The drive systems are especially used for the small type robots, which have less than five degrees of freedom.

A is a path with specified qualities of motion, that is, a path on which a time law is specified in terms of velocities and / or accelerations at each point.

is moving a robot from point A to point B while avoiding collisions over time.

A is the locus of points either in the joint space or in the Cartesian space to be traversed by the manipulator to execute the specified task.

are the set of intermediate locations between the start and goal points on the trajectory through which the manipulator must pass enroot to the destination.

is the smooth function that passes through the set of via points.

The rate at which the trajectory points are computed at run time is called.

A Device is a special type of Input/Output (I/O) device that allows a human operator to control the system.

I give the robot a knowledge about its environment - Who Am I?

A is a device that converts one type of physical variable into another form.