More jobs/economic opportunities, education, healthcare, better opportunities

Fewer job opportunities, less access to services, isolation

Limited education, poor healthcare, fewer opportunities

Less infrastructure, fewer amenities, declining economy

Fewer workers, families separated

More job opportunities, increased population

Improved infrastructure, better education

Higher birth rates, more tourists

Overcrowding, new cultures, more workers

Less diversity, fewer jobs, lower population

Decreased economic activity, less cultural exchange, fewer services

Reduced population, less innovation, fewer businesses

Cities grow and adjust to larger population ie. expand transportation, create new jobs, improve services

Reduce the number of schools and hospitals

Limit access to public transportation

Decrease the number of available jobs

Deserts/cold areas lack water, food, or good farmland, making it hard to survive

People prefer to live in harsh climates for adventure

Harsh climates have the best job opportunities

Harsh climates are always close to big cities

Physical: created by nature (mountains, rivers, deserts). Human: built by people (cities- Tokyo, roads, monuments - Great Wall of China)

Physical: built by people (cities, roads, monuments). Human: created by nature (mountains, rivers, deserts)

Physical: only found in cities. Human: only found in forests.

Physical: always changing. Human: never changes.

Waterways make easier transportation and trade, fertile land, access to water

To avoid all contact with other cities

Because rivers and coasts are always cold

To be far from natural resources

Better healthcare, more food supply, lower death rates, longer life expectancy

Decreased birth rates, less food supply, higher death rates, shorter life expectancy

Increased pollution, less access to water, fewer hospitals, more diseases

Stricter immigration laws, less education, fewer job opportunities, more natural disasters

Athens = direct democracy (citizens voted themselves); Today = representative democracy (elect representatives to decide)

Athens = representative democracy; Today = direct democracy

Athens = monarchy; Today = direct democracy

Athens = dictatorship; Today = representative democracy

Citizens have power/influence; People are the source of authority

Leaders are chosen by birth; Laws are made by a single ruler

Citizens have no rights; Power is inherited

Decisions are made by a king; Only nobles can vote

Women, enslaved people, foreigners were not considered citizens.

Male citizens

Soldiers

Landowners

Limited: power restricted by laws/constitution (citizens have rights); Unlimited: leaders have total control, no protections for citizens

Limited: leaders have total control, no protections for citizens; Unlimited: power restricted by laws/constitution (citizens have rights)

Limited: only monarchs rule; Unlimited: only democracies exist

Limited: government has no power; Unlimited: government is abolished

To protect rights and freedoms, prevent abuse of power

To increase government spending

To reduce citizen participation

To promote government secrecy

Censorship, unfair trials, no freedom of religion, ethnic group persecution

Paying taxes, voting in elections, following traffic rules, attending school

Celebrating national holidays, learning a new language, eating traditional food, playing sports

Using public transportation, recycling waste, planting trees, reading books

Ensures government represents the people; Voting/jury duty = share in decisions, keep system fair

It increases the number of holidays citizens receive each year

It guarantees everyone will become a government official

It allows people to avoid paying taxes

Free enterprise: private businesses compete

Socialism: mix of government + private ownership

Communism: government controls almost everything

Free enterprise

Command economy

Traditional economy

Mixed economy

Government controls what to produce, leading to poor planning. shortages/not enough goods.

There is too much competition between private companies.

Prices are set by supply and demand, causing overproduction.

Citizens refuse to buy goods produced by the government.

Private businesses exist and government controls some industries (transportation, energy).

Only government owns all businesses and industries.

Only private businesses operate without any government involvement.

India has no private or government businesses, only cooperatives.

GDP, GDP per capita, literacy rate, life expectancy

Annual rainfall, number of national parks, average temperature, population density

Number of sports teams, types of cuisine, fashion trends, movie production

Internet speed, number of shopping malls, car brands, television channels

It is a major oil exporter; oil is essential for the global economy.

It is the largest producer of electronics in the world.

It is the main source of global timber exports.

It is the world's leading exporter of automobiles.

rights

taxes

borders

leaders

unfair

equal

generous

lenient

A) Geography affects where people live and trade

B) Government sets laws and systems of power

C) Economics decides how goods/services are produced and shared

D) None of them shape daily life and opportunities

live

sleep

paint

sing

laws

holidays

currencies

languages

goods

animals

colors

vehicles