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WorksheetsTopic 12 section 3: Triumph of Parliament
Total questions: 192
Worksheet time: 2hrs 36mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
During the age of absolutism, what did English monarchs try to do?
a)
Increase royal power and claim the divine right to rule
b)
Share power with Parliament
c)
Establish a democratic government
d)
Decrease their own royal power
e)
Create a republic
2.
What obstacle did the English monarchs' efforts run into?
a)
Parliament, which had acquired the power of the purse
b)
The French army
c)
The Spanish navy
d)
The Roman Catholic Church
e)
The people of England
3.
What could only Parliament grant monarchs?
a)
The funds they needed to pursue their ambitions
b)
The power to rule
c)
The right to make laws
d)
The authority to wage war
e)
The power to tax the people
4.
What did Parliament at times stand firm against?
a)
Royal absolutism
b)
The will of the people
c)
The power of the church
d)
The power of the army
e)
The power of the nobles
5.
Who ruled England from 1485 to 1603?
a)
Tudor monarchs
b)
Stuart monarchs
c)
Hanoverian monarchs
d)
Windsor monarchs
e)
Plantagenet monarchs
6.
What did the Tudors shrewdly recognize the value of?
a)
Good relations with Parliament
b)
Divine right to rule
c)
Absolute monarchy
d)
War and conquest
e)
The power of the church
7.
What did Henry VIII turn to Parliament for when he broke with the Roman Catholic Church?
a)
To legalize his actions
b)
To get their permission
c)
To ask for their advice
d)
To get their approval
e)
To ask for their support
8.
What did Parliament approve that made the monarch head of the Church of England?
a)
The Act of Supremacy
b)
The Petition of Right
c)
The Bill of Rights
d)
The Toleration Act
e)
The Act of Union
9.
What led Henry to consult Parliament frequently?
a)
A constant need for money
b)
A desire for new laws
c)
A need for new armies
d)
A need for new trade routes
e)
A constant need for advice
10.
What did Henry quickly use up, even though he had inherited a bulging treasury?
a)
His funds fighting overseas wars
b)
His funds on lavish parties
c)
His funds on new palaces
d)
His funds on a new navy
e)
His funds on a new army
11.
What did the king have to seek the approval of Parliament to do?
a)
To levy new taxes
b)
To declare war
c)
To make new laws
d)
To sign a treaty
e)
To appoint new officials
12.
What did members of Parliament become accustomed to?
a)
Being consulted on important matters
b)
Being ignored by the king
c)
Being told what to do
d)
Being told what to vote for
e)
Being told what to say
13.
What did Elizabeth I do when she gained the throne?
a)
She both consulted and controlled Parliament
b)
She ignored Parliament
c)
She gave Parliament more power
d)
She abolished Parliament
e)
She only consulted Parliament
14.
In practice, how often did Elizabeth ask for Parliament's view?
a)
Rarely
b)
Frequently
c)
Always
d)
Never
e)
Sometimes
15.
How many times did she summon Parliament during her 45-year reign?
a)
Only 13 times
b)
Only 1 time
c)
45 times
d)
130 times
e)
450 times
16.
What did she ask for all but one time?
a)
Money
b)
Advice
c)
Laws
d)
Support
e)
Soldiers
17.
What did the queen's advisers do when Parliament met?
a)
Conveyed her wishes
b)
Asked for its advice
c)
Asked for its opinion
d)
Asked for its support
e)
Asked for its views
18.
What subjects were forbidden from being discussed?
a)
Foreign policy or the queen's marriage
b)
Money and taxes
c)
Laws and religion
d)
War and peace
e)
Trade and commerce
19.
What helped make "Good Queen Bess" a popular and successful ruler?
a)
Her skill in handling Parliament
b)
Her ability to control the people
c)
Her ability to control the church
d)
Her ability to control the army
e)
Her ability to control the navy
20.
What happened after Elizabeth died childless in 1603?
a)
The throne passed to her relatives the Stuarts
b)
The throne passed to her son
c)
The throne was passed to her daughter
d)
The throne was passed to her husband
e)
The throne was given to Parliament
21.
What were the Stuarts neither as popular as the Tudors nor as skillful in?
a)
Dealing with Parliament
b)
Ruling the country
c)
Controlling the army
d)
Controlling the church
e)
Controlling the people
22.
What did they also inherit?
a)
Problems that Henry and Elizabeth had long suppressed
b)
A bulging treasury
c)
A powerful army
d)
A peaceful kingdom
e)
A popular court
23.
What was the result of the Stuart monarchs clashing with Parliament?
a)
A "century of revolution"
b)
A peaceful transition of power
c)
A long period of peace
d)
A new form of government
e)
A new religion
24.
What did James I agree to rule according to when he took the throne?
a)
English laws and customs
b)
Divine right
c)
The will of the people
d)
The will of Parliament
e)
The will of the church
25.
What was James I soon lecturing Parliament about?
a)
Divine right
b)
The need for money
c)
The need for new laws
d)
The need for a new army
e)
The need for a new religion
26.
When did the king make a speech in Parliament?
a)
In 1610
b)
In 1603
c)
In 1625
d)
In 1628
e)
In 1637
27.
What did James I face repeated clashes with Parliament over?
a)
Mostly over money and foreign policy
b)
Mostly over religion and laws
c)
Mostly over trade and commerce
d)
Mostly over art and music
e)
Mostly over science and technology
28.
What did James live extravagantly and have to ask Parliament for?
a)
Funds to finance his lavish court
b)
Laws to support his rule
c)
Advice on foreign policy
d)
Advice on his religion
e)
Advice on his family
29.
What did James do more than once when members wanted to discuss foreign policy before voting funds?
a)
Dissolved Parliament and raised money without their consent
b)
Listened to their advice
c)
Made a new law
d)
Went to war
e)
Raised taxes without their consent
30.
What did these actions do?
a)
Poisoned relations between the king and Parliament
b)
Improved relations between the king and Parliament
c)
Had no effect on relations between the king and Parliament
d)
Made the king more popular
e)
Made Parliament more powerful
31.
What else did James find himself embroiled in?
a)
Religious disputes
b)
War with France
c)
War with Spain
d)
Trade disputes
e)
Legal disputes
32.
What were dissenters?
a)
Protestants who differed with the Church of England
b)
Catholics who differed with the Church of England
c)
People who did not believe in God
d)
People who wanted to abolish the monarchy
e)
People who wanted to abolish the church
33.
What did Puritans seek to do to the English church?
a)
"purify" it of Catholic practices
b)
"abolish" it of all practices
c)
"change" it to be more Catholic
d)
"unite" it with the Roman Catholic Church
e)
"preserve" it as it was
34.
What did Puritans call for?
a)
Simpler services and a more democratic church without bishops
b)
More elaborate services
c)
A more hierarchical church with bishops
d)
A new religion
e)
A new form of government
35.
What did James reject, vowing to "harry them out of this land or else do worse"?
a)
Their demands
b)
Their religion
c)
Their ideas
d)
Their beliefs
e)
Their protests
36.
When did Charles I inherit the throne?
a)
In 1625
b)
In 1603
c)
In 1610
d)
In 1628
e)
In 1640
37.
What did Charles behave like?
a)
An absolute monarch
b)
A democratic ruler
c)
A constitutional monarch
d)
A dictator
e)
A peaceful ruler
38.
What did he do to his foes?
a)
Imprisoned them without trial and squeezed the nation for money
b)
He listened to them
c)
He gave them more power
d)
He made them his friends
e)
He banished them
39.
What forced Charles to summon Parliament by 1628?
a)
His need to raise taxes
b)
His need for a new army
c)
His need for a new navy
d)
His need for new laws
e)
His need for new officials
40.
What did Parliament insist that Charles sign before voting any funds?
a)
The Petition of Right
b)
The Act of Supremacy
c)
The English Bill of Rights
d)
The Toleration Act
e)
The Act of Union
41.
What did this document prohibit the king from doing?
a)
Raising taxes without Parliament's consent or from jailing anyone without legal justification
b)
Declaring war
c)
Making laws
d)
Appointing officials
e)
Dissolving Parliament
42.
What did Charles do after he signed the Petition?
a)
He then dissolved Parliament in 1629
b)
He then honored the Petition
c)
He then listened to Parliament's advice
d)
He then raised taxes with Parliament's consent
e)
He then raised taxes without Parliament's consent
43.
For how many years did he ignore the Petition and rule without Parliament?
a)
11 years
b)
1 year
c)
5 years
d)
10 years
e)
20 years
44.
Who did he create bitter enemies with during that time?
a)
Especially among Puritans
b)
The Roman Catholic Church
c)
The nobles of England
d)
The people of England
e)
The merchants of England
45.
What did his Archbishop of Canterbury, William Laud, try to force all clergy to follow?
a)
Strict Anglican rules
b)
Strict Puritan rules
c)
Strict Catholic rules
d)
Strict Presbyterian rules
e)
Strict Methodist rules
46.
What did many people feel that the archbishop was trying to revive?
a)
Catholic practices
b)
Protestant practices
c)
Anglican practices
d)
Puritan practices
e)
Presbyterian practices
47.
What did Charles and Laud try to impose on Scotland in 1637?
a)
The Anglican prayer book
b)
The Petition of Right
c)
The English Bill of Rights
d)
The Act of Supremacy
e)
The Act of Union
48.
What did the Calvinist Scots do in response?
a)
They revolted
b)
They accepted it
c)
They ignored it
d)
They complained to the king
e)
They complained to Parliament
49.
What did Charles have to do to get funds to suppress the Scottish rebellion?
a)
Summon Parliament once again in 1640
b)
Raise taxes
c)
Sell land
d)
Take out a loan
e)
Ask the people for money
50.
What did Parliament do when it met?
a)
Launched its own revolt
b)
Gave the king the funds he needed
c)
Gave the king an army
d)
Gave the king a navy
e)
Gave the king more power
51.
What did the 1640 Parliament become known as?
a)
The Long Parliament
b)
The Short Parliament
c)
The Great Parliament
d)
The Wise Parliament
e)
The Just Parliament
52.
What did its actions trigger?
a)
The greatest political revolution in English history
b)
The greatest economic revolution
c)
The greatest social revolution
d)
The greatest religious revolution
e)
The greatest cultural revolution
53.
What did Parliament do in a mounting struggle with Charles I?
a)
Tried and executed his chief ministers, including Archbishop Laud
b)
Declared war on him
c)
Imprisoned him without trial
d)
Dissolved the monarchy
e)
Abolished the House of Commons
54.
What did it call for the abolition of and what did it declare?
a)
Abolition of bishops and that Parliament could not be dissolved without its own consent
b)
Abolition of the monarchy and that Parliament could not be dissolved
c)
Abolition of the church and that Parliament could not be dissolved
d)
Abolition of the army and that Parliament could not be dissolved
e)
Abolition of the navy and that Parliament could not be dissolved
55.
What did Charles lash back with in 1642?
a)
He led troops into the House of Commons to arrest its most radical leaders
b)
He declared war on Parliament
c)
He dissolved Parliament
d)
He raised taxes without Parliament's consent
e)
He arrested the most radical leaders of Parliament
56.
What did the leaders do?
a)
They escaped through a back door and soon raised their own army
b)
They were arrested and executed
c)
They were imprisoned without trial
d)
They fled the country
e)
They surrendered to the king
57.
What did the clash now move to?
a)
The battlefield
b)
The courtroom
c)
The negotiating table
d)
The church
e)
The parliament building
58.
How long did the civil war last?
a)
From 1642 to 1651
b)
From 1640 to 1642
c)
From 1625 to 1628
d)
From 1629 to 1640
e)
From 1649 to 1660
59.
What did the English Civil War pose a major challenge to?
a)
Absolutism
b)
Monarchy
c)
Democracy
d)
Republicanism
e)
Parliament
60.
What happened while the forces of royal power won in France?
a)
In England the forces of revolution triumphed
b)
In England the forces of royal power triumphed
c)
In England the forces of absolutism triumphed
d)
In England the forces of democracy triumphed
e)
In England the forces of Parliament were defeated
61.
At first, who did the odds seem to favor?
a)
The supporters of Charles I, called Cavaliers
b)
The supporters of Parliament, called Roundheads
c)
The supporters of the king
d)
The supporters of the people
e)
The supporters of the church
62.
What were many Cavaliers?
a)
Wealthy nobles, proud of their plumed hats and fashionably long hair
b)
Country gentry, town-dwelling manufacturers, and Puritan clergy
c)
Farmers and merchants
d)
Soldiers and sailors
e)
Priests and monks
63.
What did the Cavaliers expect?
a)
A quick victory
b)
A long and bloody war
c)
A peaceful resolution
d)
A democratic government
e)
A new religion
64.
What proved to be tough fighters with the courage of their convictions?
a)
Their foes
b)
The Cavaliers
c)
The king's army
d)
The French army
e)
The Spanish navy
65.
What were the forces of Parliament composed of?
a)
Country gentry, town-dwelling manufacturers, and Puritan clergy
b)
Wealthy nobles and their soldiers
c)
The king's army
d)
The French army
e)
The Spanish navy
66.
Why were they called Roundheads?
a)
Because their hair was cut close around their heads
b)
Because they wore round hats
c)
Because they had round faces
d)
Because they were round and fat
e)
Because they were short and stout
67.
What did the Roundheads find a leader of genius in?
a)
Oliver Cromwell
b)
Charles I
c)
James I
d)
King John
e)
King Arthur
68.
What was Cromwell?
a)
A Puritan member of the lesser gentry
b)
A wealthy noble
c)
A town-dwelling manufacturer
d)
A Puritan clergy
e)
A Roman Catholic
69.
What did he organize for Parliament?
a)
The "New Model Army" into a disciplined fighting force
b)
The "Old Model Army"
c)
The "New Model Navy"
d)
The "Old Model Navy"
e)
The "New Model Air Force"
70.
What did Cromwell's army do?
a)
Defeated the Cavaliers in a series of decisive battles
b)
Was defeated by the Cavaliers
c)
Was defeated by the king's army
d)
Was defeated by the French army
e)
Was defeated by the Spanish navy
71.
By 1647, who was the king in the hands of?
a)
Parliamentary forces
b)
The Cavaliers
c)
The French army
d)
The Spanish navy
e)
His own army
72.
What did Parliament eventually set up?
a)
A court to put the king on trial
b)
A new government
c)
A new religion
d)
A new military
e)
A new system of laws
73.
What did the court condemn the king to death as?
a)
"a tyrant, traitor, murderer, and public enemy"
b)
"a good king"
c)
"a peaceful ruler"
d)
"a just ruler"
e)
"a religious ruler"
74.
When did Charles I stand on a scaffold surrounded by his foes?
a)
On a cold January day in 1649
b)
On a warm May day in 1660
c)
On a cold December day in 1688
d)
On a warm June day in 1689
e)
On a cold January day in 1651
75.
What did he declare?
a)
"I am a martyr of the people"
b)
"I am the king"
c)
"I am a just ruler"
d)
"I am a good king"
e)
"I am a servant of God"
76.
What did the executioner do after a brief prayer and the agreed signal?
a)
Severed the king's neck with a single stroke
b)
He did not kill the king
c)
He imprisoned the king
d)
He exiled the king
e)
He pardoned the king
77.
What did the execution send shock waves throughout?
a)
Europe
b)
England
c)
The world
d)
France
e)
Spain
78.
In the past, what had occasionally happened to a king?
a)
Assassinated or killed in battle
b)
Tried and executed by his own people
c)
Exiled or imprisoned
d)
Pardoned or set free
e)
Banished or exiled
79.
What message had the parliamentary forces sent?
a)
That no ruler could claim absolute power and ignore the rule of law
b)
That a ruler had the right to rule by divine right
c)
That a ruler could claim absolute power
d)
That a ruler could ignore the rule of law
e)
That a ruler had the right to do what he wanted
80.
After the execution of Charles I, what did the House of Commons abolish?
a)
The monarchy and the House of Lords
b)
The monarchy and the House of Commons
c)
The monarchy and the Church of England
d)
The monarchy and the army
e)
The monarchy and the navy
81.
What did it declare England as?
a)
A republic, known as the Commonwealth
b)
A kingdom
c)
An empire
d)
A monarchy
e)
A dictatorship
82.
Under whose leadership was the Commonwealth?
a)
Oliver Cromwell
b)
Charles II
c)
James I
d)
Charles I
e)
William and Mary
83.
What did the new government face?
a)
Many threats
b)
Many new opportunities
c)
A new era of peace
d)
A new era of prosperity
e)
A new era of unity
84.
Who attacked England by way of Ireland and Scotland?
a)
Supporters of Charles II, the uncrowned heir to the throne
b)
Supporters of the king
c)
Supporters of the Parliament
d)
Supporters of the church
e)
Supporters of the people
85.
What did Cromwell do to the uprising in Ireland?
a)
He led forces into Ireland and brutally crushed it
b)
He negotiated a peace treaty with them
c)
He was defeated by the uprising
d)
He ignored the uprising
e)
He was a supporter of the uprising
86.
What did he then take against the Irish Catholic majority?
a)
Harsh measures that are still vividly remembered in that nation today
b)
A new law that protected them
c)
A new law that gave them more rights
d)
A new law that gave them religious freedom
e)
A new law that gave them more land
87.
What law did Parliament pass in 1652?
a)
A law exiling most Catholics to barren land in the west of Ireland
b)
A law that gave Catholics more rights
c)
A law that gave Catholics more land
d)
A law that gave Catholics religious freedom
e)
A law that protected Catholics
88.
What could happen to any Catholic found disobeying this order?
a)
Could be killed on sight
b)
Could be put in prison
c)
Could be fined
d)
Could be exiled from the country
e)
Could be put to death
89.
What also splintered forces within the Commonwealth?
a)
Squabbles
b)
Unity
c)
Peace
d)
Prosperity
e)
A new religion
90.
What did one group, called Levellers, think?
a)
That poor men should have as much say in government as the gentry, lawyers, and other leading citizens
b)
That the poor should not have a say in government
c)
That the rich should not have a say in government
d)
That only the rich should have a say in government
e)
That only the poor should have a say in government
91.
What did woman Levellers assert?
a)
Their right to petition Parliament
b)
Their right to vote
c)
Their right to own property
d)
Their right to serve in the military
e)
Their right to a fair trial
92.
Who did these ideas horrify?
a)
The gentry, who dominated Parliament
b)
The poor, who were a part of the movement
c)
The Puritans, who were in control
d)
The military, who were in control
e)
The king, who was in exile
93.
Who did Cromwell suppress?
a)
The Levellers, as well as more radical groups who threatened ownership of private property
b)
The gentry
c)
The Puritans
d)
The military
e)
The king's supporters
94.
What title did Cromwell take in 1653?
a)
Lord Protector
b)
King
c)
Emperor
d)
President
e)
Prime Minister
95.
How did he rule from then on?
a)
As a virtual dictator, using the army to back up his orders
b)
As a king with divine right
c)
As a democratic ruler
d)
As a constitutional monarch
e)
As a peaceful ruler
96.
What did Puritan preachers try to do under the Commonwealth?
a)
Root out godlessness and impose a "rule of saints"
b)
Root out all religion
c)
Impose a new religion
d)
Impose a new form of government
e)
Impose a new military
97.
What did the English Civil War thus usher in?
a)
A social revolution as well as a political one
b)
A social revolution only
c)
A political revolution only
d)
A new religious movement
e)
A new form of government
98.
What did Parliament enact?
a)
A series of laws designed to make sure that Sunday was set aside for religious observance
b)
A series of laws designed to make sure that all people had the same rights
c)
A series of laws designed to make sure that the king had more power
d)
A series of laws designed to make sure that the church had more power
e)
A series of laws designed to make sure that all people had the same religion
99.
What could happen to anyone over the age of 14 who was caught "profaning the Lord's Day"?
a)
Could be fined
b)
Could be put in prison
c)
Could be exiled from the country
d)
Could be put to death
e)
Could be killed on sight
100.
What did Cromwell do to all theaters?
a)
Closed them
b)
Kept them open
c)
Built new ones
d)
Encouraged people to go to them
e)
Made them more religious
101.
What did Puritans also frown on?
a)
Taverns, gambling, and dancing
b)
Reading and writing
c)
Art and music
d)
Science and technology
e)
Farming and agriculture
102.
What did Puritans feel that every Christian must be able to do?
a)
Read the Bible
b)
Read and write
c)
Go to church
d)
Pray to God
e)
Read and write in Latin
103.
What did they encourage to spread religious knowledge?
a)
Education for all people
b)
A new form of religion
c)
A new form of government
d)
A new system of laws
e)
A new system of writing
104.
What were families from all classes doing by mid-century?
a)
Sending their children to school, girls as well as boys
b)
Sending only their sons to school
c)
Sending only their daughters to school
d)
Sending their children to work
e)
Sending their children to war
105.
What did Puritans push for changes in?
a)
Marriage to ensure fidelity
b)
Religion to ensure fidelity
c)
Government to ensure fidelity
d)
Military to ensure fidelity
e)
Art to ensure fidelity
106.
What did they encourage, in addition to marriages based on business interests?
a)
Marriages based on love
b)
Marriages based on wealth
c)
Marriages based on social status
d)
Marriages based on religion
e)
Marriages based on family
107.
How were women seen?
a)
Mainly as subordinate to men
b)
As equal to men
c)
As superior to men
d)
As a separate class
e)
As a separate race
108.
What did Cromwell not tolerate?
a)
Open worship by Roman Catholics
b)
Open worship by Puritans
c)
Open worship by other Protestants
d)
Open worship by Jews
e)
Open worship by everyone
109.
Who did he even welcome back to England?
a)
Jews after more than 350 years of exile
b)
Roman Catholics
c)
Other Protestants
d)
Anglicans
e)
Muslims
110.
When did Oliver Cromwell die?
a)
In 1658
b)
In 1649
c)
In 1660
d)
In 1685
e)
In 1689
111.
What did the Puritans lose their grip on soon after?
a)
England
b)
The monarchy
c)
The church
d)
The army
e)
The government
112.
What were many people tired of?
a)
Military rule and strict Puritan ways
b)
Democracy
c)
Republicanism
d)
The monarchy
e)
The church
113.
What did a newly elected Parliament do in 1660?
a)
Invited Charles II to return to England from exile
b)
Invited Charles I to return to England from exile
c)
Invited James I to return to England from exile
d)
Invited William and Mary to return to England from exile
e)
Invited Oliver Cromwell to return to England from exile
114.
What ended with the Restoration?
a)
England's "kingless decade"
b)
England's "monarchless decade"
c)
England's "parliament-less decade"
d)
England's "church-less decade"
e)
England's "army-less decade"
115.
What endured?
a)
Puritan ideas about morality, equality, government, and education
b)
The monarchy
c)
The church
d)
The army
e)
The government
116.
What were these ideas already shaping?
a)
England's colonies in North America
b)
England's colonies in India
c)
England's colonies in Africa
d)
England's colonies in Australia
e)
England's colonies in the Caribbean
117.
What happened in late May 1660?
a)
Cheering crowds welcomed Charles II back to London
b)
The execution of Charles I
c)
The restoration of the monarchy
d)
The Glorious Revolution
e)
The English Civil War
118.
What was young Charles II?
a)
A popular ruler with his charm and flashing wit
b)
An unpopular ruler
c)
A cruel ruler
d)
A just ruler
e)
A peaceful ruler
119.
What did he reopen?
a)
Theaters and taverns
b)
Churches and temples
c)
Schools and universities
d)
Libraries and museums
e)
Markets and shops
120.
What did Charles restore but encourage toleration of?
a)
The official Church of England, but he encouraged toleration of other Protestants
b)
The Roman Catholic Church
c)
The Puritan Church
d)
The Presbyterian Church
e)
The Quaker Church
121.
What did Charles secretly have?
a)
Catholic sympathies
b)
Puritan sympathies
c)
Protestant sympathies
d)
Anglican sympathies
e)
Presbyterian sympathies
122.
What did Charles shrewdly avoid?
a)
His father's mistakes in dealing with Parliament
b)
His father's mistakes in dealing with the church
c)
His father's mistakes in dealing with the army
d)
His father's mistakes in dealing with the people
e)
His father's mistakes in dealing with the nobles
123.
What was Charles a strong supporter of?
a)
Science and the arts
b)
War and conquest
c)
Religion and the church
d)
Laws and government
e)
Trade and commerce
124.
What did he help found?
a)
The Royal Society, a group formed to advance scientific knowledge
b)
The Royal Academy of Arts
c)
The Royal Navy
d)
The Royal Army
e)
The Royal Court
125.
What did early members of the Royal Society advance the study of?
a)
Mathematics, biology, physics, and chemistry
b)
Art, music, and literature
c)
Farming, fishing, and hunting
d)
Clothing, shelter, and food
e)
Religion, philosophy, and poetry
126.
Who did Charles appoint to rebuild the city after the Great Fire of 1666?
a)
The great architect, Sir Christopher Wren
b)
The great artist, William Shakespeare
c)
The great scientist, Isaac Newton
d)
The great philosopher, John Locke
e)
The great writer, John Milton
127.
When did Charles's brother, James II, inherit the throne?
a)
In 1685
b)
In 1660
c)
In 1688
d)
In 1689
e)
In 1649
128.
What did James do that angered his subjects?
a)
Practiced his Catholic faith openly, suspended laws on a whim, and appointed Catholics to high office
b)
He was a Protestant and supported the Church of England
c)
He was a Protestant and was intolerant of other religions
d)
He was a Protestant and was a strong supporter of Parliament
e)
He was a Protestant and was a strong supporter of absolutism
129.
What did many English Protestants fear?
a)
That James would restore the Roman Catholic Church
b)
That James would abolish the monarchy
c)
That James would abolish the Church of England
d)
That James would become a dictator
e)
That James would become a tyrant
130.
What did alarmed parliamentary leaders do in 1688?
a)
Invited James's Protestant daughter, Mary, and her Dutch Protestant husband, William Ill of Orange, to become rulers of England
b)
Declared war on James II
c)
Arrested James II
d)
Exiled James II
e)
Exiled James II to France
131.
What did James II do when William and Mary landed with their army?
a)
He fled to France
b)
He fought them
c)
He surrendered to them
d)
He was killed in battle
e)
He was captured by them
132.
What did this bloodless overthrow of the king become known as?
a)
The Glorious Revolution
b)
The English Civil War
c)
The Restoration
d)
The Puritan Revolution
e)
The French Revolution
133.
What did William and Mary have to accept before they could be crowned?
a)
Several acts passed by Parliament in 1689 that became known as the English Bill of Rights
b)
The Petition of Right
c)
The Act of Supremacy
d)
The Toleration Act
e)
The Act of Union
134.
What did the Bill of Rights ensure?
a)
The superiority of Parliament over the monarchy
b)
The superiority of the monarchy over Parliament
c)
The superiority of the king over the people
d)
The superiority of the people over the king
e)
The superiority of the church over the state
135.
What did the Bill of Rights require the monarch to do?
a)
Summon Parliament regularly and ensured that the House of Commons kept control over spending
b)
Summon Parliament only when needed
c)
Summon Parliament for advice
d)
Not summon Parliament
e)
Summon Parliament to ask for money
136.
What could a king or queen no longer do?
a)
Interfere in parliamentary debates or suspend laws
b)
Raise taxes without Parliament's consent
c)
Jail anyone without legal justification
d)
Rule without Parliament
e)
Dissolve Parliament
137.
What did the Bill of Rights also bar?
a)
Any Roman Catholic from sitting on the throne
b)
Any Protestant from sitting on the throne
c)
Any Jew from sitting on the throne
d)
Any Muslim from sitting on the throne
e)
Any atheist from sitting on the throne
138.
What did the Bill of Rights also restate?
a)
The traditional legal rights of English citizens, such as trial by jury
b)
The rights of the king
c)
The rights of the church
d)
The rights of the army
e)
The rights of the navy
139.
What did it abolish?
a)
Excessive fines and cruel or unjust punishment
b)
Trial by jury
c)
Habeas corpus
d)
The right to own property
e)
The right to vote
140.
What principle did it affirm?
a)
The principle of habeas corpus
b)
The principle of divine right
c)
The principle of absolutism
d)
The principle of monarchy
e)
The principle of democracy
141.
What does that mean?
a)
No person could be held in prison without first being charged with a specific crime
b)
A person could be held in prison without being charged with a crime
c)
A person could be held in prison for a specific crime
d)
A person could be held in prison without a trial
e)
A person could not be held in prison
142.
What would the legal ideas contained in the English Bill of Rights later have a strong influence on?
a)
The United States
b)
France
c)
Germany
d)
Italy
e)
Spain
143.
What did the separate Toleration Act of 1689 grant?
a)
Limited religious freedom to Puritans, Quakers, and other Protestant dissenters
b)
Unlimited religious freedom
c)
No religious freedom
d)
Limited religious freedom to Roman Catholics
e)
Limited religious freedom to Jews
144.
Who could still hold public office?
a)
Only members of the Church of England
b)
Only members of the Roman Catholic Church
c)
Only members of the Puritan Church
d)
Only members of the Presbyterian Church
e)
Only members of the Quaker Church
145.
What were Catholics allowed?
a)
No religious freedom
b)
Limited religious freedom
c)
Unlimited religious freedom
d)
The right to hold public office
e)
The right to vote
146.
What did the Glorious Revolution turn England into?
a)
A limited monarchy
b)
A republic
c)
A democracy
d)
An absolute monarchy
e)
A dictatorship
147.
What is a limited monarchy?
a)
A type of government in which a constitution or legislative body limits the monarch's powers
b)
A type of government in which the monarch has absolute power
c)
A type of government in which the people have all the power
d)
A type of government in which the army has all the power
e)
A type of government in which the church has all the power
148.
What did English rulers still have to do?
a)
Obey the law and govern in partnership with Parliament
b)
Rule by divine right
c)
Rule without Parliament
d)
Rule with absolute power
e)
Rule without a constitution
149.
What was the limited monarchy in England in an age of absolute monarchy elsewhere in Europe?
a)
Quite radical
b)
Not radical
c)
The norm
d)
The exception
e)
The only one
150.
What did events in England help shape?
a)
His philosophy
b)
His ideas about government
c)
His ideas about religion
d)
His ideas about war
e)
His ideas about peace
151.
What did John Locke's ideas later influence?
a)
The Americans who drew up the Declaration of Independence and the United States Constitution
b)
The French who drew up the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
c)
The English who drew up the English Bill of Rights
d)
The Russians who drew up the Russian Constitution
e)
The Germans who drew up the German Constitution
152.
What new political institutions arose in Britain in the century following the Glorious Revolution?
a)
Political parties, the cabinet, and the office of prime minister
b)
A new monarchy
c)
A new parliament
d)
A new government
e)
A new religion
153.
What was the appearance of these institutions part of?
a)
The evolution of Britain's constitutional government
b)
The evolution of Britain's absolute monarchy
c)
The evolution of Britain's republic
d)
The evolution of Britain's dictatorship
e)
The evolution of Britain's democracy
154.
What is a constitutional government?
a)
A government whose power is defined and limited by law
b)
A government whose power is unlimited
c)
A government whose power is not defined by law
d)
A government whose power is defined by a ruler
e)
A government whose power is defined by the military
155.
When did political parties emerge in England as a powerful force in politics?
a)
In the late 1600s
b)
In the early 1600s
c)
In the late 1700s
d)
In the early 1700s
e)
In the early 1800s
156.
At first, what were there just two of?
a)
Political parties—Tories and Whigs
b)
Political parties—Democrats and Republicans
c)
Political parties—Liberals and Conservatives
d)
Political parties—Labor and Tories
e)
Political parties—Whigs and Liberals
157.
Who were Tories generally?
a)
Aristocrats who sought to preserve older traditions
b)
Business leaders who sought to preserve older traditions
c)
Farmers who sought to preserve older traditions
d)
Merchants who sought to preserve older traditions
e)
Artisans who sought to preserve older traditions
158.
What did they support?
a)
Broad royal powers and a dominant Anglican Church
b)
Limited royal powers and a dominant Anglican Church
c)
Broad royal powers and a dominant Catholic Church
d)
Limited royal powers and a dominant Catholic Church
e)
Broad royal powers and a dominant Puritan Church
159.
What did Whigs back the ideas of?
a)
The Glorious Revolution
b)
The English Civil War
c)
The Restoration
d)
The Puritan Revolution
e)
The American Revolution
160.
What were they more likely to reflect?
a)
Urban business interests, support religious toleration, and favor Parliament over the crown
b)
Rural farming interests, support religious intolerance, and favor the crown over Parliament
c)
Urban business interests, support religious intolerance, and favor the crown over Parliament
d)
Rural farming interests, support religious toleration, and favor Parliament over the crown
e)
Urban business interests, support religious toleration, and favor the crown over Parliament
161.
Who dominated Parliament for much of the 1700s?
a)
Whigs
b)
Tories
c)
The monarchy
d)
The cabinet
e)
The prime minister
162.
What was another new feature of government?
a)
The cabinet
b)
The prime minister
c)
Political parties
d)
The House of Commons
e)
The House of Lords
163.
When did the cabinet evolve?
a)
In the 1700s after the British throne passed to a German prince
b)
In the 1600s after the British throne passed to a German prince
c)
In the 1800s after the British throne passed to a German prince
d)
In the 1900s after the British throne passed to a German prince
e)
In the 1500s after the British throne passed to a German prince
164.
What did George I speak no English and rely on?
a)
The leaders in Parliament to help him rule
b)
His own advisors
c)
The leaders in the army
d)
The leaders in the church
e)
The leaders in the navy
165.
What did a handful of parliamentary advisors set?
a)
Policy
b)
Laws
c)
Rules
d)
Regulations
e)
Standards
166.
Why were they referred to as the cabinet?
a)
Because of the small room, or "cabinet," where they met
b)
Because they were a small group
c)
Because they were a group of advisors
d)
Because they were a group of ministers
e)
Because they were a group of leaders
167.
What did the cabinet gain in time?
a)
Official status
b)
More power than the king
c)
More power than Parliament
d)
More power than the prime minister
e)
More power than the people
168.
What was it made up of?
a)
Leaders of the majority party in the House of Commons
b)
Leaders of the minority party
c)
Leaders of both parties
d)
Leaders of the House of Lords
e)
Leaders of the House of Commons and House of Lords
169.
As long as it enjoyed what, did the cabinet remain in power?
a)
The support of the Commons
b)
The support of the king
c)
The support of the people
d)
The support of the Lords
e)
The support of the army
170.
What happened if the Commons voted against a cabinet decision?
a)
The cabinet resigned
b)
The cabinet stayed in power
c)
The king dissolved Parliament
d)
The king dissolved the cabinet
e)
The king dissolved the Commons
171.
What was the cabinet system later adopted by?
a)
Other countries in Europe and elsewhere around the globe
b)
Only other countries in Europe
c)
Only other countries in the world
d)
Only the United States
e)
Only France
172.
What did the head of the cabinet come to be known as over time?
a)
The prime minister
b)
The king
c)
The president
d)
The lord protector
e)
The lord chancellor
173.
Who was this person always the leader of?
a)
The majority party in the House of Commons
b)
The minority party in the House of Commons
c)
The majority party in the House of Lords
d)
The minority party in the House of Lords
e)
The majority party in both houses
174.
What did the prime minister eventually become?
a)
The chief official of the British government
b)
The chief official of the House of Commons
c)
The chief official of the House of Lords
d)
The chief official of the monarchy
e)
The chief official of the army
175.
What did the prime minister's power exceed?
a)
That of the monarch
b)
That of Parliament
c)
That of the cabinet
d)
That of the people
e)
That of the army
176.
What did Robert Walpole do from 1721 to 1742?
a)
Molded the cabinet into a unified body by requiring all members to agree on major issues
b)
Was the first prime minister
c)
Was the first king of England
d)
Was the first lord protector
e)
Was the first lord chancellor
177.
What is Walpole often called, although the title was not yet in use?
a)
Britain's first prime minister
b)
Britain's first king
c)
Britain's first lord protector
d)
Britain's first lord chancellor
e)
Britain's first president
178.
What was British government far from?
a)
Democratic
b)
Oligarchic
c)
Monarchic
d)
Republican
e)
Dictatorial
179.
What was it, rather?
a)
An oligarchy—a government in which the ruling power belongs to a few people
b)
A democracy
c)
A monarchy
d)
A republic
e)
A dictatorship
180.
Who were believed to be the "natural" ruling class?
a)
Landowning aristocrats
b)
Rich business leaders
c)
The king and queen
d)
The military
e)
The church
181.
What did the highest nobles hold?
a)
Seats in the House of Lords
b)
Seats in the House of Commons
c)
Seats in the cabinet
d)
The office of prime minister
e)
The office of king
182.
Who controlled elections to the House of Commons?
a)
Other wealthy landowners and rich business leaders in the cities
b)
Landowning aristocrats
c)
The king and queen
d)
The military
e)
The church
183.
What was the right to vote limited to?
a)
A relatively few male property owners
b)
All male citizens
c)
All citizens
d)
All male property owners
e)
All male citizens over 21
184.
What did the lives of most people contrast sharply with?
a)
Those of the ruling elite
b)
Those of the middle class
c)
Those of the poor
d)
Those of the military
e)
Those of the church
185.
What did the majority of people make a meager living from?
a)
The land
b)
Trade and commerce
c)
Manufacturing
d)
Fishing
e)
Hunting
186.
What was threatened in the 1700s?
a)
Even that poor existence
b)
The ruling elite
c)
The middle class
d)
The military
e)
The church
187.
What did wealthy landowners buy up, and what did they take over?
a)
They bought up farms and took over common lands
b)
They bought up factories and took over businesses
c)
They bought up stores and took over markets
d)
They bought up houses and took over neighborhoods
e)
They bought up land and took over the government
188.
What did they easily pass because they controlled Parliament?
a)
Laws ensuring that their actions were legal
b)
Laws that gave them more power
c)
Laws that gave them more wealth
d)
Laws that gave them more land
e)
Laws that gave them more rights
189.
What did a small but growing middle class include?
a)
Successful merchants and manufacturers
b)
Successful farmers
c)
Successful landowners
d)
Successful nobles
e)
Successful military leaders
190.
What did these prosperous and often wealthy people control?
a)
Affairs in the towns and cities
b)
Affairs in the government
c)
Affairs in the military
d)
Affairs in the church
e)
Affairs in the country
191.
How did some improve their social standing?
a)
By marrying into the landed gentry
b)
By gaining a title from the king
c)
By gaining a seat in Parliament
d)
By becoming a successful merchant
e)
By becoming a successful manufacturer
192.
What did the middle class also produce?
a)
Talented inventors and entrepreneurs
b)
Talented artists and musicians
c)
Talented writers and poets
d)
Talented military leaders
e)
Talented politicians
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