During project initiation, a project manager is asked to justify investment in terms of ROI, payback period, and cost-benefit. This analysis belongs to which step?

A client is unsure whether to develop software in-house or outsource it. The project manager prepares a comparison of costs, risks, and technical feasibility. This activity is an example of:

In a feasibility study, which of the following best demonstrates operational feasibility?

A summary of deliverables and assigned project manager is usually found in:

A project charter is signed by the sponsor. What authority does this give the project manager?

In developing the Work Breakdown Structure for a construction project, the project manager breaks “Build House” into “Foundation, Walls, Roof, Interiors.” This is an example of:

Which of the following is NOT typically included in a project charter?

A project manager is asked to explain how tasks in the WBS are linked to costs and responsibilities. Which tool would help most?

While preparing a WBS, a project team identifies a task “Develop Prototype.” They further break it into “UI Design,” “Backend Development,” and “Integration Testing.” This is an example of:

A project manager presents a timeline showing project activities, their start and finish dates, and dependencies. Which tool is being used?

In a Gantt chart, a black diamond symbol usually represents:

If Task A must finish before Task B can start, which dependency type is used in the Gantt chart?

If Task A has 3 days float and Task B has 0 days float, which task is more likely to be on the critical path?

A project manager is determining the number of programmers, testers, and designers required for a software project. This is part of:

During project planning, a project manager prepares a budget that includes salaries, software licenses, and office rent. This falls under:

For a construction project, identifying the required quantity of cement, steel, and bricks is an example of:

A project team creates a Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RAM). What is the purpose of this tool?

Which document links resources (human, financial, material) with the project schedule?

A project has activities with durations: A=4 days, B=3 days, C=5 days, D=2 days. Path 1 = A → C (9 days), Path 2 = B → D (5 days). Which is the critical path?

In CPM, the difference between Early Start (ES) and Late Start (LS) is called:

Q23. A project activity is estimated using three values: Optimistic (4 days), Most Likely (6 days), Pessimistic (10 days). What is the expected duration using PERT formula?

In PERT, which of the following best represents uncertainty in project duration?

Which statement best differentiates CPM and PERT?

A project sponsor asks the project manager to clearly document “Why the project is needed, what problem it will solve, and the expected benefits.” Which document should capture this?

A project is proposed to implement new ERP software. The project manager assesses whether the company has the technical expertise and infrastructure to support it. This refers to:

If a project proposal estimates cost savings of $$200,000 and costs$$ 100,000 to execute, what is the benefit-cost ratio?

The project sponsor asks the project manager to identify risks before approving the project charter. At which stage should this occur?

Which of the following best describes the purpose of the project charter?

A sponsor asks, “Who are the main stakeholders and what is the high-level scope?” Where will this information be found?

A project charter should primarily be signed by:

A stakeholder challenges the legitimacy of the project manager’s authority. Which document confirms the project manager’s authority?

Which of the following is not included in a project charter?

A project manager divides “Develop Website” into “Front-End,” “Back-End,” and “Database.” This is an example of:

What is the lowest level of a WBS called?

The WBS dictionary provides:

A project team insists that some tasks not directly related to deliverables be added to the WBS. What should the project manager do?

If Task A must start before Task B can start, the dependency type is:

In a Gantt chart, overlapping tasks are shown to represent:

What does the vertical line in a Gantt chart usually indicate?

A sponsor complains that the Gantt chart is too detailed. What should the project manager do?

If a Gantt chart shows activities slipping, which management process is being supported?

A project manager prepares a chart that shows the number of developers required per week across the project. What is this called?

When assigning tasks to resources, a project manager notices one engineer is scheduled for two tasks at the same time. This is an example of:

Which tool can link human resources to specific WBS activities?

If the project requires 200 units of steel and 50 units are available, the shortage represents:

Which document provides a structured breakdown of all resources (human, material, financial) needed for the project?

A project has two paths: Path A = 10 days, Path B = 14 days. Which is the critical path?

If a critical activity is delayed by 3 days, the project will:

Slack time is the difference between:

Why is identifying the critical path important?

If two paths in a project have the same longest duration, what does it mean?

Which type of projects usually benefit most from PERT?

What does PERT primarily measure?

If Optimistic = 2 days, Most Likely = 5 days, Pessimistic = 11 days, expected time using PERT is:

Which probability distribution does PERT assume for activity durations?

Which is a major difference between PERT and CPM?

If a project is resource-constrained and cannot add more team members, but schedule must be shortened, which technique may be applied?

A project manager shortens the critical path by adding more staff to certain activities. This technique is:

A sponsor demands delivery 2 weeks earlier. Which option increases risk most?

If a project has no float, what does it mean?

Which technique involves planning activities in more detail as project information becomes clearer?

Which of the following is an example of progressive elaboration in project management?

A project manager develops a RACI chart. What does the “A” stand for?

In a responsibility assignment matrix, multiple people can be “Responsible” but only one should be:

Conflict arises between two team members over task responsibilities. What should the project manager do first?

Which leadership style is most effective when team members are highly skilled and motivated?

A stakeholder demands daily progress reports, but the project team is overloaded. What should the project manager do?

Which cost estimation technique uses actual data from past projects?

Which estimation method multiplies productivity rates with quantity of work?

If project budget is $$500,000 and actual cost is$$ 600,000, what does this indicate?

Which term describes the maximum funding limit for a project?

If project costs are underestimated, which reserve is used to cover known-unknowns?

A project has paths: Path A = 12 days, Path B = 14 days, Path C = 10 days. If Path B is delayed by 2 days, what happens?

If optimistic = 5, pessimistic = 17, most likely = 11, expected duration = ?

Which technique is best for analyzing uncertainty in project schedules?

The probability of completing a PERT project within expected duration is approximately:

If the project ends early but under budget, this information should be documented in:

Which document records the formal acceptance of project deliverables by the customer?

During project closure, the project manager identifies unused resources. What should be done first?

The final project report should contain:

Which is a direct output of project closure?

A sponsor wants to know the earliest date the project can finish. Which scheduling technique should be used?

A project activity has ES=5, LS=8, EF=10, LF=13. What is the float?

If a project is behind schedule, which option is least risky?

A project has optimistic = 6, pessimistic = 12, most likely = 9. Expected duration?

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a critical path?

Which HR process involves developing team competencies and improving interaction?

If Schedule Variance (SV) = –$10,000, it means: