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Computer Fundamentals, Definitions, and Hardware Components

Total questions: 63

Worksheet time: 32mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is an electronic machine that takes data from input devices, processes it, and generates required information to output devices or stores it?

a)

Motherboard

b)

Printer

c)

Computer

d)

Keyboard

2.

The term "computer" relates to the word "compute," which means to:

a)

A) Program

b)

B) Calculate

c)

C) Network

d)

D) Store

3.

The four primary steps a computer performs in the information processing cycle are Input, Processing, Output, and:

a)

Networking

b)

Calculating

c)

Storing

d)

Communicating

4.

Which characteristic of computers means that they can perform billions of calculations in a fraction of a second (e.g., microsecond, nanosecond, or picosecond)?

a)

Accuracy

b)

Versatility

c)

Diligence

d)

Speed

5.

When computer hardware and software components perform consistently according to their specifications for a long period, this characteristic is defined as:

a)

Speed

b)

Versatility

c)

Diligence

d)

Reliability

6.

Which characteristic indicates that a computer does not possess human traits like tiredness or lack of concentration, allowing it to work continuously without error?

a)

Speed

b)

Reliability

c)

Diligence

d)

Accuracy

7.

One of the benefits of using computers in aspects of life is described as providing online transaction facilities to track bank records, such as loans and account statements. In which field.....

a)

Education

b)

Banking

c)

Communication

d)

Defense

8.

In the context of the benefits of computers, which application is listed as one of the most commonly used for communication?

a)

Video conferencing

b)

Chatting

c)

Email

d)

Learning systems

9.

Which area of government use is specifically mentioned as using computers for passport and visa systems, national ID systems, and traffic systems?

a)

Healthcare

b)

Defense

c)

Government

d)

Education

10.

Which computer characteristic implies that calculations made are 100% error-free, provided there are no input errors or software errors?

a)

Diligence

b)

Versatility

c)

Accuracy

d)

Speed

11.

What component is considered the "virtual brain" of the computer, containing the Control Unit, Arithmetic and Logical Unit, and Registers?

a)

Motherboard

b)

Cache Memory

c)

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

d)

Power Supply Unit (PSU)

12.

Which type of computer is described as the fastest and most expensive, often requiring an entire floor of a building and designed for specialized applications like weather forecasting?

a)

Minicomputer

b)

Mainframe computer

c)

Supercomputer

d)

Microcomputer

13.

The main circuit board where all components are placed and connected is called the:

a)

Expansion Card

b)

Power Supply Unit (PSU)

c)

Motherboard

d)

Expansion Slot

14.

A Minicomputer is a mid-sized server designed for multi-user computer systems, typically supporting simultaneous users ranging from hundreds up to:

a)

5 clients

b)

40 clients

c)

200 clients

d)

Thousands of clients

15.

What input device utilizes a ball at the top of its casing and allows the user to roll the ball with their fingers to move the cursor on the screen?

a)

Mouse

b)

Trackball

c)

Keyboard

d)

Touch screen

16.

What is the function of the Power Supply Unit (PSU)?

a)

To control and sequence all processes performed by the CPU.

b)

To store permanent instructions (ROM).

c)

To convert AC power to regulated DC voltage for the computer components.

d)

To perform arithmetic and logical operations.

17.

Which output device uses ink to spray tiny nozzles onto the page and is typically categorized as a non-impact printer?

a)

Dot-Matrix Printer

b)

Laser Printer

c)

Plotter

d)

Inkjet Printer

18.

Desktops, laptops, and All-in-One PCs are examples of which broad category of computer designed for a single user, relying on microprocessor technology?

a)

Mainframes

b)

Minicomputers

c)

Microcomputers (or Personal Computers)

d)

Supercomputers

19.

What are components that process data inside the computer called?

a)

Input components

b)

Output components

c)

Processing components

d)

Storage components

20.

Which type of port uses a thin reversible connector, supports high speeds (from 5 Gbps to 40 Gbps), and can be used for charging laptops?

a)

USB 2.0

b)

HDMI

c)

Thunderbolt (or USB-C)

d)

VGA

21.

Which type of computer memory is volatile, meaning its content is lost or cleared when the computer is shut down or power is cut off?

a)

ROM (Read-Only Memory)

b)

RAM (Random Access Memory)

c)

Flash Drive

d)

Hard Disk Drive (HDD)

22.

ROM stores instructions permanently and is used during the startup process of the computer. What does ROM stand for?

a)

Random Optical Media

b)

Read-Only Memory

c)

Run Optimization Manager

d)

Reserved Operating Module

23.

What is Cache Memory used for?

a)

Permanent storage of the Operating System.

b)

Storing and retrieving data more quickly to minimize latency caused by delays between the CPU and main memory.

c)

Running the BIOS program.

d)

Performing arithmetic calculations.

24.

Which type of secondary storage device is typically composed of multiple metal disk platters used to store digital information?

a)

CD-ROM

b)

Hard Disk Drive (HDD)

c)

Flash Drive

d)

Blu-ray Disk

25.

How is the speed difference between accessing data from main memory (RAM) compared to retrieving data from L1 Cache measured?

a)

L1 Cache takes 100 or more clock cycles.

b)

L1 Cache takes 1 to 3 clock cycles, compared to main memory taking 100 or more.

c)

L1 Cache takes 10 to 30 clock cycles.

d)

L1 Cache and main memory speeds are identical.

26.

Which optical disk device uses a blue laser beam, allowing it to store up to 128 GB of data in a quad-layer format?

a)

CD-ROM

b)

DVD

c)

Blu-ray Disk (BD)

d)

USB Flash Drive

27.

Which secondary storage technology lacks any moving mechanical components, is faster than HDDs, and is often used in smartphones and laptops?

a)

Optical Disk Drive (ODD)

b)

Solid State Drive (SSD)

c)

Hard Disk Drive (HDD)

d)

Magnetic Tape

28.

What is the typical maximum storage capacity of a single-layer, single-sided DVD?

a)

700 MB

b)

1.44 MB

c)

4.7 GB

d)

25 GB

29.

Which storage medium is described as a portable, plug-and-play device that connects to a USB port and uses Flash memory technology?

a)

Hard Disk Drive

b)

Blu-ray Disk

c)

USB Flash Drive

d)

CD-ROM

30.

Which of the Secondary storage devices has the largest capacity?

a)

A) Magnetic Tape

b)

B) HDD

c)

C) Blu-Ray

d)

D) SSD

31.

Software is .....................................................................................................................................................:

a)

A) Piece of hardware

b)

B) Series of commands written to solve a specified problem

c)

C) program made to accomplish a particular task

d)

D) Storage requirement

32.

Which category of software starts the computer, keeps it running, and performs elementary tasks such as file management and running applications?

a)

Application Software

b)

Programming Software

c)

Device Drivers

d)

System Software

33.

................................................ is a function stored permanently in the ROM, runs automatically when a computer is turned on, and performs a critical initial function?

a)

Scanning for viruses

b)

Power-On Self-Test (POST)

c)

Compiling new applications

d)

Accessing the internet

34.

Programs that work together with the operating system and perform services that keep the OS running smoothly are called:

a)

Device Drivers

b)

Application Software

c)

System Utility Programs

d)

BIOS

35.

Which type of software is designed to execute functions, tasks, or activities that benefit the user, such as word processors or web browsers?

a)

System Software

b)

Utility Software

c)

Device Drivers

d)

Application Software

36.

A Device Driver is a type of software specifically designed to control a particular piece of:

a)

Software

b)

Hardware

c)

Programming Language

d)

Operating System

37.

What tool is used by programming languages like Python and Ruby to translate the source code line by line?

a)

Compiler

b)

Operating System

c)

Interpreter

d)

Device Driver

38.

Which term describes copyrighted software that is available for use without cost, but typically carries restrictions such as the inability to modify or sell it for profit?

a)

Shareware

b)

Open Source Software

c)

Freeware

d)

Commercial Software

39.

Which type of software is copyrighted and must be purchased to obtain a license key required for installation?

a)

Commercial Software

b)

Shareware

c)

Freeware

d)

Open Source Software

40.

What is the contract you must accept if you want to install software, or press "cancel" if you do not want to download it, which dictates the terms of use?

a)

Freeware Agreement

b)

End-User License Agreement (EULA)

c)

Shareware License

d)

Open Source Agreement

41.

What is the design and arrangement of a workplace and devices to maximize efficiency and promote proper circulation for human use?

a)

Hardware

b)

Reliability

c)

Ergonomics

d)

Copyright

42.

A common health problem associated with prolonged computer use, which may cause eye pain, headaches, and blurred vision, is known as:

a)

Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI)

b)

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)

c)

Computer vision syndrome (Eye Strain)

d)

Back pain

43.

Repetitive Strain Injuries (RSI) are an overuse injury that causes pain from repeated action, primarily appearing in ...........................

a)

A) Muscular or nervous tissues

b)

B) Head

c)

C) Back and hips bones

d)

D) Eyes

44.

To reduce eye strain, the 20-20-20 rule recommends that every 20 minutes, you should look at a remote object at least 20 feet away for approximately how long?

a)

5 seconds

b)

10 seconds

c)

20 seconds

d)

60 seconds

45.

What legal term grants the creator of an original work (like software) the exclusive rights to control its use, distribution, and modification?

a)

Patent

b)

Trademark

c)

Copyright

d)

Licensing Agreement

46.

This picture is a ......................................

a)

Ethernet Card

b)

Sound Card

c)

Graphic Card

d)

Motherboard

47.

What is the use of others' work or ideas without providing proper credit or reference, or acting as if the work belongs to you?

a)

Copyright infringement

b)

Plagiarism

c)

Piracy

d)

Fair use

48.

This picture is ..................

a)

Cache

b)

RAM

c)

ROM

d)

SSD

49.

What is a key ergonomic requirement for a desk, according to the sources?

a)

Must be glass-topped

b)

Should be adjustable, allowing for good legroom

c)

Must be placed against a window

d)

Must have built-in speakers

50.

Which of the following is temporary memory?

a)

RAM

b)

Registers

c)

ROM

d)

Cache

51.

What is the smallest unit of data in a computer system?

a)

Byte

b)

Kilobyte

c)

Bit

d)

Word

52.

A Byte consists of how many bits?

a)

4

b)

8

c)

16

d)

1024

53.

This picture for --------

a)

Mainframe

b)

Microcomputer

c)

Server

d)

Supercomputer

54.

One Kilobyte (KB) is equal to:

a)

1,000 bits

b)

1,024 bytes

c)

8,000 bits

d)

1,000,000 bytes

55.

The clock speed of the Central Processing Unit (CPU) is typically measured in Hertz (Hz). What unit represents billions of cycles per second?

a)

Megahertz (MHz)

b)

Kilohertz (kHz)

c)

Terahertz (THz)

d)

Gigahertz (GHz)

56.

In computer communication, the speed of an Internet card is measured in Kbps, Mbps, or Gbps. What does the 'b' in Kbps/Mbps/Gbps specifically represent?

a)

A) Bytes

b)

B) Binary

c)

C) Bus

d)

D) Bits

57.

If a modern CPU has 4 cores, this is referred to as a:

a)

Dual-core processor

b)

Quad-core processor

c)

Octa-core processor

d)

Hexa-core processor

58.

What determines the number of bits that the CPU (per core) can accept simultaneously as input?

a)

Clock speed

b)

Cache size

c)

Processor word size

d)

Bus speed

59.

The Binary System is referred to as Base 2 because it uses how many digits?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

8

d)

16

60.

The largest storage units of the following is:

a)

Kilobyte

b)

Terabyte

c)

Gigabyte

d)

Petabyte

61.

What is the primary purpose of using ergonomic chairs in a computer workstation?

a)

D) To increase the height of the workstation

b)

C) To reduce the cost of office furniture

c)

B) To provide comfort and support for long periods of sitting

d)

A) To enhance aesthetic appeal

62.

Which type of computer memory is non-volatile and retains data even when the power is turned off?

a)

C) Cache Memory

b)

B) ROM (Read-Only Memory)

c)

D) Virtual Memory

d)

A) RAM (Random Access Memory)

63.

What is the function of a graphics card in a computer system?

a)

B) To process and render images and videos

b)

D) To connect to the internet

c)

A) To manage input devices

d)

C) To store data permanently