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Unit 3 Review

Total questions: 101

Worksheet time: 1hrs 16mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

1– List one of the 5 Global Indicators that can Guide Humans to Sustainability.

(a)  

2.
Which of the following is NOT one of the five key global environmental indicators?
a)
Biological diversity
b)
Human population
c)
Global average precipitation
d)
Food production
3.
__________________________________________ The maximum harvest that will be replaced by population growth
a)
Food Production
b)
Maximum Sustainable Yield
c)
Human Population
d)
Carrying Capacity
4.
The United States has established annual catch limits to ensure fishing stocks can recover each year. Which of these statements best describes how these limits are established?
a)
The catch limits are lower than the maximum sustainable yield
b)
The catch limits are equal to the maximum sustainable yield
c)
The catch limits are greater than the maximum sustainable yield
d)
Catch limits are based on consumer demand, not on the health of fish stocks
5.
What is the goal of sustainable agriculture?
a)
To increase the use of nonrenewable resources
b)
To feed the world's population without destroying the land, polluting the environment, or reducing biodiversity
c)
To focus solely on economic viability
d)
To reduce the need for food and fiber
6.
What is one of the benefits of No-Till Agriculture?
a)
Increase in soil fertility
b)
Less erosion
c)
Higher water consumption
d)
Decrease in crop yield
7.
What is a significant environmental impact of bottom trawling?
a)
It has no significant impact
b)
It selectively captures target species
c)
It is much more environmentally destructive
d)
It enhances the marine ecosystem
8.
What concept explains why no country has an incentive to protect fish stocks or replenish them?
a)
Tragedy of the Commons
b)
Global Warming
c)
Sustainable Development
d)
The Green Revolution
9.
What is bycatch in the context of commercial fishing?
a)
The targeted species of fish that are caught for commercial purposes
b)
Accidental, unwanted catch
c)
A method of sustainable fishing
d)
The total amount of fish caught in a year
10.

2- List one of the environmental drawbacks of pesticides.

(a)  

11.

How does irrigation method affect the growth of radish seedlings over 14 days? Farmers use different irrigation methods to provide water to crops. Some methods, like furrow irrigation, involve flooding shallow trenches, while others, like drip irrigation, provide water directly to the roots with minimal waste. Each method may affect how plants grow by influencing water availability, soil aeration, and salt buildup in the soil. Scientists want to know how different irrigation methods affect plant growth. They plant the same number of radish seeds in identical pots with the same soil. Each pot receives the same total amount of water each day, but the water is given using different methods: furrow, flood, spray, or drip. After 14 days, they measure the height and biomass of the radish seedlings to compare growth among the groups. For the above: What is a good hypothesis( A testable statement written in IF.... IV changes.... then DV changes.... because..... your reason why. format) in this experiment?

(a)  

12.
Which of the following is NOT one of the five key global environmental indicators?
a)
Biological diversity
b)
Human population
c)
Global average precipitation
d)
Food production
13.
The maximum amount of a resource that can be harvested without compromising future availability is called:
a)
Maximum Net Yield (MNY)
b)
Carrying Capacity
c)
Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY)
d)
Resource Replacement Rate
14.
A challenge with applying MSY in real life is:
a)
It ignores political influence
b)
It always underestimates carrying capacity
c)
It requires expensive technology
d)
It cannot be applied to aquatic ecosystems
15.
Which farming practice involves plowing and harvesting along the contours of land to reduce erosion?
a)
No-till agriculture
b)
Contour plowing
c)
Strip cropping
d)
Terracing
16.
What is the primary drawback of no-till agriculture?
a)
Increased erosion
b)
Reduced soil fertility
c)
Increased herbicide use
d)
Poor water retention
17.
Which of the following is NOT a method of improving soil fertility?
a)
Crop rotation
b)
Green manure
c)
Terracing
d)
Limestone application
18.
Forests store about how many times the world’s fossil fuel emissions in carbon stocks?
a)
10x
b)
27x
c)
50x
d)
100x
19.
Prescribed burns are used in forest management because they:
a)
Eliminate biodiversity
b)
Increase soil erosion
c)
Recycle nutrients and allow regrowth
d)
Reduce rainfall
20.
The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) requires:
a)
Public hearings before all mining projects
b)
Environmental assessments of projects involving federal money or permits
c)
Complete bans on old-growth logging
d)
Mandatory use of organic fertilizers
21.
The major issue with drift-net fishing is:
a)
High cost of technology
b)
Large amounts of bycatch
c)
Limited fish capture
d)
Inability to use in international waters
22.
Which of the following is a drawback of aquaculture?
a)
It always reduces wild fish populations
b)
It leads to waste and disease spread in high-density enclosures
c)
It uses more fossil fuel than CAFOs
d)
It prevents genetic mixing with wild species
23.
The “tragedy of the commons” in commercial fishing refers to:
a)
Only one country controlling fish stocks
b)
Lack of incentive to conserve shared resources
c)
Overuse of pesticides in aquaculture
d)
Privatization of fishing rights
24.
Chronic hunger results from:
a)
Excess calories and poor nutrient balance
b)
Not enough calories to maintain health
c)
Political protests about food
d)
Genetic engineering of food supplies
25.
Which three crops supply 60% of human energy intake?
a)
Corn, soybeans, and rice
b)
Corn, rice, and wheat
c)
Wheat, potatoes, and soybeans
d)
Barley, rice, and oats
26.
What was the largest famine in history?
a)
Irish Potato Famine
b)
Indian Bengal Famine
c)
China’s “Great Leap Forward” (1959–1962)
d)
Ethiopian Famine (1983–85)
27.
Which agricultural practice increases soil erosion by loosening soil?
a)
Slash-and-burn
b)
Plowing and tilling
c)
Crop rotation
d)
Irrigation
28.
A major environmental drawback of synthetic fertilizers is:
a)
Inefficient absorption by crops
b)
High production of organic matter
c)
Runoff pollution of waterways
d)
Inability to provide nitrogen
29.
Which irrigation method is most efficient?
a)
Furrow irrigation
b)
Spray irrigation
c)
Drip irrigation
d)
Flood irrigation
30.
A consequence of overuse of pesticides is:
a)
Reduced soil fertility
b)
Increased crop diversity
c)
Resistance in pest populations
d)
More efficient water use
31.
Which GMO product is designed to reduce vitamin A deficiency?
a)
Bt corn
b)
Golden rice
c)
Roundup Ready soybeans
d)
GMO salmon
32.
How much more land is required to produce the same calories from meat compared to plants?
a)
5x
b)
10x
c)
15x
d)
20x
33.
What is the most common use of land in the United States?
a)
Corn farming
b)
Timber harvesting
c)
Rangelands for grazing cattle
d)
Residential development
34.
Which act converted federal rangelands into a permit-based grazing system?
a)
NEPA
b)
Taylor Grazing Act (1934)
c)
Clean Water Act (1972)
d)
Endangered Species Act (1973)
35.
A drawback of clear-cutting is:
a)
High cost
b)
Increased biodiversity
c)
Increased erosion and sedimentation
d)
Reduced timber yields
36.
Which case involved halting logging to protect the northern spotted owl?
a)
Marbled Murrelet Case
b)
Endangered Species Act Case of 1973
c)
Yellowstone Fire Case
d)
ESA ruling in 1991
37.
Which type of mining uses explosives and deposits tailings in nearby regions?
a)
Strip mining
b)
Open-pit mining
c)
Mountaintop removal
d)
Placer mining
38.
The law requiring coal mining land to be minimally disturbed and then reclaimed is:
a)
Mining Law of 1872
b)
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act (1977)
c)
Superfund Act
d)
Clean Air Act
39.
Which is NOT an environmental impact of mining?
a)
Dust and methane emissions
b)
Mercury poisoning
c)
Increased crop yields
d)
Habitat destruction
40.
Which environmental indicator is directly linked to extinction rates?
a)
Food production
b)
Resource depletion
c)
Biological diversity
d)
Human population
41.
Which statement about global surface temperature is accurate?
a)
It has remained constant since the 1950s
b)
It is decreasing worldwide
c)
It is increasing and will likely continue in the short term
d)
It is unrelated to CO₂ concentration
42.
Why is calculating MSY difficult in practice?
a)
Populations reproduce too quickly
b)
Species have complex life histories
c)
It only applies to aquatic organisms
d)
It ignores the concept of carrying capacity
43.
Terracing is most useful in which type of landscape?
a)
Desert flatlands
b)
Mountainous slopes
c)
Wetlands
d)
Coastal plains
44.
Which sustainable farming method reduces the need for annual plowing?
a)
Perennial crops
b)
Contour plowing
c)
Green manure
d)
No-till farming
45.
Which soil amendment neutralizes acidic soils?
a)
Limestone
b)
Ammonia fertilizer
c)
Potash
d)
Mulch
46.
Organic farming avoids:
a)
Pesticides and fertilizers
b)
Soil amendments
c)
Crop rotation
d)
Livestock grazing
47.
Which forest type is primarily human-managed and replanted with uniform species?
a)
Natural forest
b)
Semi-natural forest
c)
Plantation/Tree farm
d)
Old-growth forest
48.
Forests directly supply what percentage of the world’s freshwater?
a)
25%
b)
50%
c)
75%
d)
90%
49.
Which is a benefit of forest carbon storage?
a)
Removes ~700 million tons of CO₂ annually
b)
Provides 90% of global energy
c)
Increases atmospheric methane
d)
Prevents biodiversity loss
50.
Suppressing natural forest fires can lead to:
a)
Increased soil fertility
b)
Accumulation of dead biomass and risk of severe wildfires
c)
Decreased tree density
d)
Increased biodiversity
51.
Which fishing method is most destructive to seafloor habitats?
a)
Purse seine
b)
Drift-net
c)
Bottom trawling
d)
Long-line
52.
Bycatch refers to:
a)
Targeted fish species only
b)
Unintended catch such as turtles and dolphins
c)
Fish escaping nets
d)
Contaminated fish
53.
What percentage of U.S. fisheries report bycatch data?
a)
5% or less
b)
20%
c)
50%
d)
100%
54.
A major drawback of aquaculture is:
a)
It eliminates fish markets
b)
It can cause contamination from antibiotics and waste
c)
It requires more fuel than wild fishing
d)
It always reduces biodiversity
55.
Which nutrient deficiency does “Golden Rice” aim to prevent?
a)
Iron
b)
Vitamin A
c)
Iodine
d)
Vitamin D
56.
Food insecurity can be caused by all EXCEPT:
a)
Political instability
b)
Unequal distribution of food
c)
Insufficient global food production
d)
Poverty
57.
What percentage of global grain is fed to livestock instead of humans?
a)
10%
b)
25%
c)
40%
d)
60%
58.
Which is an example of overnutrition?
a)
Starvation
b)
Vitamin deficiency
c)
Obesity
d)
Kwashiorkor
59.
Slash-and-burn agriculture is common in which biome?
a)
Temperate deciduous forest
b)
Desert
c)
Tropical rainforest
d)
Tundra
60.
Which greenhouse gas is released during plowing and tilling?
a)
Ozone
b)
Carbon dioxide
c)
Methane
d)
Sulfur dioxide
61.
A positive feedback loop in agriculture occurs when:
a)
Erosion reduces soil fertility, requiring more clearing
b)
Crops restore nitrogen naturally
c)
Irrigation improves plant growth
d)
Crop yields level off
62.
Which irrigation method is cheapest but least efficient?
a)
Furrow irrigation
b)
Drip irrigation
c)
Spray irrigation
d)
Flood irrigation
63.
Which pesticide issue is illustrated by DDT’s effect on bald eagles?
a)
Bioaccumulation
b)
Salinization
c)
Pest resistance
d)
Waterlogging
64.
Which GM crop was designed for pest resistance?
a)
Bt corn
b)
Golden rice
c)
GMO salmon
d)
Roundup Ready soybeans
65.
CAFOs primarily aim to:
a)
Provide open pasture
b)
Minimize land costs and maximize efficiency
c)
Reduce antibiotic use
d)
Enhance biodiversity
66.
Which environmental impact is common to overgrazing?
a)
Increased soil moisture
b)
Stream bank erosion
c)
Higher biodiversity
d)
Reduced erosion
67.
Which law attempted to regulate grazing on U.S. rangelands?
a)
Taylor Grazing Act (1934)
b)
Clean Air Act
c)
Endangered Species Act
d)
Safe Drinking Water Act
68.
Reducing meat consumption can help with all EXCEPT:
a)
Reducing greenhouse gas emissions
b)
Conserving water
c)
Improving topsoil
d)
Eliminating all pests
69.
Which is a benefit of selective cutting?
a)
Maximum short-term profit
b)
Young seedlings grow next to older trees
c)
Requires no roads
d)
Prevents all soil erosion
70.
Tree plantations are problematic because:
a)
They cannot be replanted
b)
They reduce biodiversity and deplete nutrients
c)
They take centuries to mature
d)
They are illegal in the U.S.
71.
The marbled murrelet is an example of a:
a)
Keystone species
b)
Indicator species
c)
Invasive species
d)
Pioneer species
72.
Which mining technique involves sifting river sediments?
a)
Strip mining
b)
Placer mining
c)
Subsurface mining
d)
Mountaintop removal
73.
A major human health impact of mining is:
a)
Diabetes
b)
Black lung disease
c)
Osteoporosis
d)
Anemia
74.
Which law allows companies to extract resources from federal lands with few environmental protections?
a)
General Mining Act of 1872
b)
NEPA
c)
Clean Water Act
d)
SMCRA
75.

What is the purpose of windbreaks in agricultural fields?

a)

To increase the soil fertility

b)

To provide wind shelter and protect from erosion

c)

To enhance the aesthetic appeal of the field

d)

To attract more wildlife to the area

e)

They do not have to be reseeded or replanted every year.

76.

What is a characteristic of perennial crops?

a)

To increase the soil fertility

b)

To provide wind shelter and protect from erosion

c)

To enhance the aesthetic appeal of the field

d)

To attract more wildlife to the area

e)

They do not have to be reseeded or replanted every year.

77.

What type of forest is usually managed and has trees planted in an organized pattern?​ (a)   Which type of forest is typically more biodiverse?​ (b)  

Choose from the below words
Tree Farm
Natural
Urban Park
Semi-Natural
78.

What is fire considered in the context of fire management?

a)

A natural process

b)

An unnatural event

c)

It destroys all nutrients

d)

It liberates nutrients tied up in dead biomass

e)

By providing openings for early-successional species

79.

What role does fire play in nutrient cycling?

a)

A natural process

b)

An unnatural event

c)

It destroys all nutrients

d)

It liberates nutrients tied up in dead biomass

e)

By providing openings for early-successional species

80.

How does fire contribute to regeneration in ecosystems?

a)

A natural process

b)

An unnatural event

c)

It destroys all nutrients

d)

It liberates nutrients tied up in dead biomass

e)

By providing openings for early-successional species

81.

What year was the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) enacted? (a)   What does NEPA mandate for all projects involving federal money or permits?​ ​ (b)   What does NEPA stand for?​ ​ (c)  

Choose from the below words
1969
Environmental assessment
National Environmental Policy Act
National Environmental Protection Act
Financial assessment
1970
82.

Match the following

a)

A fishing line drifts behind the boat with many different hooks to catch fish

1.

Long Line

b)

Giant curtains of fine net pulled behind boat

2.

Drift Nets

c)

Giant net with two drawstrings

3.

Purse Seine

d)

A cone-shaped net that drags behind the boat, either in the pelagic or benthic zones

4.

Bottom Trawling

e)

Submarines, boats or planes can use this sound technology to locate schools of fish

5.

Sonar

83.

Match the following

a)

widespread death as a result of extreme food insecurity

1.

famine

b)

Access by all people at all times to enough food for an active, healthy life

2.

food security

c)

consequence of consuming too many calories with improper balance

3.

obesity

d)

condition where individuals lack sufficient nutrients for health

4.

malnutrition

e)

•Not enough calories are ingested to maintain health

5.

Undernutrition

84.

Organize these options into the right categories

Categorize the following

10% of the grain in the world used for meat

Using Less Pesticides will increase crop yields

Putting more land intro agriculture production will help feed 8-10 billion people

Meat consumption increases with economic growth.

True
False
85.

How does plowing and tilling affect organic matter in the soil?

a)

Increases erosion

b)

It exposes organic matter to oxygen

c)

Soil Degradation

d)

Soil Conservation

86.

What environmental issue is associated with plowing and tilling?

a)

Increases erosion

b)

It exposes organic matter to oxygen

c)

Soil Degradation

d)

Soil Conservation

87.

What is one effect of plowing and tilling on soil?

a)

Increases erosion

b)

It exposes organic matter to oxygen

c)

Soil Degradation

d)

Soil Conservation

88.

Match the following

a)

The land becomes completely unproductive due to irrigation practices that rendered the soil aird.

1.

Desertification

b)

Irrigation leading to the soil becoming increasingly salty because of the salt left behind through evaporation

2.

Soil Salinization

c)

Excess water in soil leading to root damage

3.

Waterlogging

d)

Agricultural practice of plowing across the slope of the land

4.

Contour Plowing

e)

Method of farming that involves building steps on hillsides

5.

Terracing

89.
Question Image

Match the following

a)

Slowly dripping hose, buried or on top

1.

Drip

b)

Pumped through to nozzles (sprinklers)

2.

Spray

c)

Build trenches and fill with water

3.

Furrow

d)

Flood field and let water soak in evenly

4.

Flood

e)

The largest human use of freshwater

5.

Agriculture

90.
Question Image

Match the following

a)

Efficiency - >95%

1.

Drip

b)

Efficiency - 75-95%

2.

Spray

c)

Efficiency - 65%

3.

Furrow

d)

Efficiency - 70-80%

4.

Flood

91.

Match the following

a)

GMO stands for?

1.

Genetically Modified Organism

b)

Benefit of GMO's?

2.

Increase Quantity, Quality, and Decrease

c)

Drawback of GMO's?

3.

Possible loss of genetic diversity

92.

Farmers use different irrigation methods to provide water to crops. Some methods, like furrow irrigation, involve flooding shallow trenches, while others, like drip irrigation, provide water directly to the roots with minimal waste. Each method may affect how plants grow by influencing water availability, soil aeration, and salt buildup in the soil.  Some students seek to find the answer to following question in an experiment.  How does irrigation method affect the growth of radish seedlings over 14 days?

For the above answer the following questions match the following

a)

What is the Independent Variable?

1.

Type of Irrigation Method

b)

What is the dependent variable?

2.

Plant Growth

c)

What is a constant?

3.

number of seeds per pot

93.

How does irrigation method affect the growth of radish seedlings over 14 days? 


Farmers use different irrigation methods to provide water to crops. Some methods, like furrow irrigation, involve flooding shallow trenches, while others, like drip irrigation, provide water directly to the roots with minimal waste. Each method may affect how plants grow by influencing water availability, soil aeration, and salt buildup in the soil.  Scientists want to know how different irrigation methods affect plant growth. They plant the same number of radish seeds in identical pots with the same soil. Each pot receives the same total amount of water each day, but the water is given using different methods: furrow, flood, spray, or drip. After 14 days, they measure the height and biomass of the radish seedlings to compare growth among the groups.

For the above: What is a good hypothesis( A testable statement written in IF.... IV changes.... then DV changes.... because..... your reason why. format) in this experiment?

4 lines
94.

It takes ​ (a)   more land to produce the same amount of calories from meat as from plants. It takes ​ (b)   more water to produce the same amount of calories from meat as from plants.

Choose from the below words
20 times
10 times
5 times
30 times
95.

What does CAFO stand for? ​ (a)   CAFO's provide ​ ​ (b)  

Choose from the below words
Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation
low-cost source of meat
High-cost source of meat
Can Apples Fall Over
96.

Match the following

a)

This is a benefit of free range grazing.

1.

Uses less fossil fuel energy than feedlo

b)

This is an environmental drawback of meat production.

2.

Antibiotic resistance

c)

This is an economic benefit of meat production.

3.

Minimize land costs

d)

Dry, open grasslands used for the grazing of cattle

4.

Rangelands

e)

Adverse Environmental Impacts of Grazing

5.

Vulnerability to fires because of arid

97.

Match the following

a)

Removal of single trees or small amounts of trees

1.

Selective-Cutting

b)

removing all or almost all the trees in an area

2.

Clear-cutting

c)

Remain conscious of maintaining biodiversity

3.

Ecologically sustainable forestry

d)

Easiest, usually most economical

4.

Benefits of Clear Cutting

e)

1.Reduction in biodiversity

2.Increase in wind erosion, loss of soil nutrients

  1. 3. Stream sedimentation

4.Mudslides

5.Increased water temperatures

5.

Adverse Effects of Clear Cutting

98.

Organize these options into the right categories

Categorize the following

Often stands are replanted

Reduction in biodiversity

Increased water temperatures

Easiest, usually most economical

Mudslides

Stream Sedimentation

Increase in wind erosion, loss of soil nutrients

Benefits of Clear Cutting
Adverse effects of Clear Cutting
99.

Match the following

a)

accumulations of minerals from which valuable materials can be extracted.

1.

Ore

b)

Elements that can conduct electricity, heat energy, other functions (Cu, Ni, Al,Au)

2.

Metals

c)

The known quantity of a resource that can be economically recovered.

3.

Reserve

d)

Contains a high concentration of the desired mineral

4.

High Grade Ore

e)

Contains a lower concentration of the desired mineral

5.

Low Grade Ore

100.

Organize these options into the right categories

Categorize the following

Mining that is done below ground is called...

Mining that is done above ground is called...

This type of mining involves moving HUGE amounts of Earth to access ore.

This form of mining uses tunnels and shafts to bring ore to the surface.

This type of mining does less damage to the environment.

This type of mining is cheaper and safer for miners.

Subsurface Mining
Surface Mining
101.

Match the following

a)

When ore is extracted from near the surface by digging deep into the ground.

1.

Open Pit Mining

b)

When ore is removed in layers by removing the soil that is on top.

2.

Strip Mining

c)

Removing a mountaintop to reach the ore that lays underneath.

3.

Mountaintop Removal

d)

Looking for minerals and metals in river sediments

4.

Placer Mining

e)

•Allows individuals and companies to recover ores and fuels from federal lands

5.

Mining Law of 1872 (General Mining Act)

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