wayground logo

Free Printable Worksheets

Font size

S
M
L
XL
Worksheets

Exploring Mesopotamia and Early Humans

Total questions: 65

Worksheet time: 1hrs 14mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which two rivers are shown on most maps of ancient Mesopotamia?

a)

Nile and Amazon

b)

Tigris and Euphrates

c)

Mississippi and Yangtze

d)

Indus and Ganges

2.

If a farmer in ancient Mesopotamia broke a law from the Code of Hammurabi, what would likely happen?

a)

He would be given a medal

b)

He would face a punishment written in the code

c)

He would become king

d)

He would move to another country

3.

Why did early humans settle in Mesopotamia?

a)

Because of the mountains

b)

Because of the rich soil and water from rivers

c)

Because of the deserts

d)

Because of the cold weather

4.

How did the Code of Hammurabi help people in Mesopotamia?

a)

It made farming easier

b)

It told people how to build houses

c)

It helped people know what was right and wrong

d)

It taught people to write

5.

Why do you think the Code of Hammurabi was written down for everyone to see?

a)

So only the king would know the laws

b)

So everyone would know the laws and punishments

c)

So people could use it as a storybook

d)

So it could be hidden from enemies

6.

Chariots and the wheel could be which element of culture?

a)
Technology
b)

Arts

c)

Government

d)

Religion

7.

Ziggurats relate to which of these elements of culture?

a)
Religion
b)

Government

c)

Social Structure

d)

Technology

8.

Cuneiform relates to which of these elements of culture?

a)
Writing
b)

Government

c)

Stable Food Supply

d)

Arts

9.

The process whereby people become skilled at different jobs

a)

Specialization of Labor

b)

Agriculture

c)

Domestication

d)

Scribe

10.

What was the first reason Sumerians created Cuneiform?

a)

to write history

b)

to keep track of trade

c)

to write laws

d)

to describe agriculture

11.

Who lived closest to the Ziggurat?

a)

Irrigation Ditches

b)

Priests/Government Officials

c)

Farms/Farmers

d)

Craftspeople/Merchants

12.

Sumerians used levees, canals, and dams to...

a)

control the amout of water in the valley

b)

keep water away from neighboring towns

c)

make ponds where people could wash their clothes

d)

create waterfalls so they had water power

13.

Having more of something than is needed.

a)
Surplus
b)

Supply

c)

Demand

d)

Civilization

14.

A group of people with the same social status

a)
Class
b)

Caste System

c)

Ziggurat

d)

Scribe

15.

Someone that has no fixed home but wanders from place to place

a)
Nomad
b)

Scribe

c)

Ziggurat

d)

Hunter-Gatherer

16.

A person skilled in reading and writing

a)
Scribe
b)

Craftsperson

c)

Priest

d)

King

17.

A Mesopotamian temple of worship

a)
Ziggurat
b)

Church

c)

Sumer

d)

Scribe

18.

Bits of soil carried by a flowing river

a)
Silt
b)

Irrigation

c)

Agriculture

d)

Levee

19.

What is Domestication?

a)

the taming and raising of wild animals

b)

property and wealth get passed down from father to son

c)

working the land to grow plants

d)

cro-magnon

20.

Sumerians created a complex _______________ system to deal with flooding.

a)

irrigation

b)

levee

c)

agriculture

d)

writing

21.

What did Sumerians use ziggurats for besides religious ceremonies? (choose 2)

a)

for homes

b)

for entertainment

c)

for trade and government

d)

to study the constellations and moon cyclc

e)

to house surplus crops

22.

What common factor led to the collapse of the Akkadian, Babylonian, and Chaldean empires?

a)

Weak rulers made the empires unstable.

b)

Strict new codes of law caused people to rebel.

c)

Enslaved people rebelled against their conquerors.

d)

Religious minorities revolted against the ruling elite

23.

What is one way that early humans survived cold environments

a)

They made clothes from wool.

b)

They trained dogs to help them hunt.

c)

They built cabins made of logs.

d)

They discovered how to make fire.

24.

How did new tools revolutionize agriculture during the Neolithic era?

a)

New tools saved early humans labor and time.

b)

New tools made it possible to produce less food.

c)

New tools allowed early humans to grow plants without water.

d)

New tools helped early humans develop different seeds for planting.

25.

Why did people domesticate plants during the Neolithic era?

a)

to adapt to the climate

b)

to prevent soil erosion

c)

to create a reliable food supply

d)

to eliminate the need to hunt animals

26.

Why did people domesticate animals during the Neolithic era?

a)

Animals were used for labor and farming tasks.

b)

Animals were used during religious ceremonies.

c)

Animals were used to show a person’s wealth.

d)

Animals were used as pets and companions.

27.

What is a characteristic of the social order in early permanent settlements?

a)

All villagers were ranked by their abilities and level of skill.

b)

All villagers were arranged by importance by the village leader.

c)

All villagers placed the highest value on farmers because of their harvest.

d)

All villagers were focused on the harvest, creating an equal social order.

28.

What happened as a result of the Agricultural Revolution?

a)

Increase in population

b)

Lower death rates

c)

Higher death rates

29.

The first complex civilizations developed in what region of Mesopotamia?

a)

Babylonia

b)

Sumer

c)

Persia

30.

Social classes are usually determined by what?

a)

a person's family/relatives

b)

a person's education

c)

a person's job/work

31.

The Mesopotamian calendar was based on _______ cycles.

a)

sun

b)

moon

c)

star

32.

Why are Mesopotamians considered polytheists?

a)

They worshiped by giving offerings.

b)

They worshiped in a temple.

c)

They all had an "Aunt Polly."

d)

They believed in many gods.

33.

How did government in Mesopotamia change after the decline of Sumer?

a)

The Akkadians created the first regional empire, and all of Mesopotamia was ruled by one king.

b)

The Akkadians created the world's first democracy.

c)

The Akkadians created one city-state, and the Babylonians took over the rest.

d)

The Akkadians created new monarchies, and a different king ruled in each city-state.

34.

What principle of justice does Hammurabi's Code support?

a)

Forgiveness should always be granted.

b)

Executions make people obey out of fear.

c)

The rights of Babylonians were above other people.

d)

Punishment should fit the crime.

35.

What ideas from the Code of Hammurabi are still important today? (Choose 2)

a)

having one set of laws for everyone

b)

making punishments more severe than the crime

c)

holding people accountable for their actions

d)

using an oral tradition to pass down laws

36.

Why is the Epic of Gilgamesh important? (choose 2)

a)

It revealed what Mesopotamia

was like, what people cared about, and what they imagined.

b)

It is the oldest story ever found.

c)

It was written about all the gods of Mesopotamia and how they helped the people.

d)

It makes me laugh when I say, "Gilgamesh."

37.

Based on the images, which statement can you infer about Mesopotamian achievements?

a)

Irrigation led to the ability to develop more technology

b)

Written language led to the development of irrigation systems

c)

Ziggurats led to the formation of written laguage

d)

Trade networks and armies created written languages

38.

Based on the passage what can you infer about the social hierarchy of the Sumerians?

a)

Lower class people would not worship the gods

b)

The Sumerians don't have an organized religion

c)

Priests would likely be in the lower class

d)

Priests would likely be in the upper class

39.

Based on the information, how did Hammurabi help to transform society?

a)

His laws got rid of the existing class system

b)

He required that every class be punished equally

c)

He continued the practice of treating women differently from men

d)

His laws were written to include women.

40.

Which of these is NOT one of the 8 features required for a successful civilization?

a)

Government

b)

Writing

c)

Religion

d)

Kings

41.

What is the Epic of Gilgamesh?

a)

the story of the Hebrew's flight from Egypt.

b)

an Egyptian folktale.

c)

a tale about Assurbanipal.

d)

a poem recounting the adventures of a Sumerian hero.

42.

Sumerians made _____ in order to craft stronger tools, weapons, and jewelry.

a)

bronze

b)

river valleys

c)

wheels

d)

Fertile Crescent

43.

The first _____ were solid wood circles that were clamped together.

a)

river valleys

b)

bronze

c)

wheels

d)

Fertile Crescent

44.

A group of many different lands under one ruler is called a(n):

a)

civilization

b)

empire

c)

caravan

d)

Hittite

45.

The "cradle of civilization" :

a)

Mesopotamia

b)

Jericho

c)

Catal Huyuk

d)

Sargon

46.

_____________________ helped ideas spread around the world.

a)

writing

b)

trade

c)

epics

d)

farming

47.

One of the world's first libraries was located here:

a)

Nineveh

b)

Sargon

c)

Babylon

d)

Catal Huyuk

48.

People who study the stars, planets, and moon phases are called:

a)

astronomers

b)

historians

c)

archaeologists

d)

anthropologists

49.
Using natural resources found in the environment, Sumerians built strong walls with
a)
bricks made of mud.
b)
logs with pointed tips.
c)
reeds cut near the rivers.
d)
rocks shaped into squares.
50.

What makes early civilizations unique compared to those that followed later?

a)

Early civilizations were all similar.

b)

Early civilizations did not have a model to follow.

c)

Everyone grew their own food and had enough to eat.

d)

People came together from many different backgrounds.

51.

How did early civilizations control floodwaters?

a)

waterfalls

b)

rainforests

c)

dams and canals

d)

seasonal migration

52.

This carved stone from Mesopotamia records a gift of land from a king.

What were early forms of writing like this used for?

a)

land and other property records

b)

fiction stories

c)

report cards

d)

recipes

53.
What are the earliest known written collection of laws called?
a)
Mesopotamian Laws
b)
Code of Babylon
c)
Hammurabi's Code
d)
Sumerian Code of Law
54.

How was Hammurabi's code displayed?

a)

Scholars are not sure but many believe that the laws were kept secret

b)

The laws were placed in public so that all people could see them

c)

the laws were carved into hundreds of different stones along the road to the city

d)

nobody knows because the original code was destroyed

55.

One reason Hammurabi's code is famous is that

a)

it was the first set of laws recorded in writing

b)

it was written in a sophisticated code that took years for historians to translate

c)

it was beautifully written on a single giant stone of polished basalt

d)

it was the first set of laws to rhyme to help people remember them

56.
Which modern idiom refers to Hammurabi's Code?
a)
An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth
b)
It's raining cats and dogs.
c)
Break a leg!
d)
The wisdom of an old man brings wealth.
57.

Read these sentences from the text.


In an effort to make the punishment fit the crime, Hammurabi’s Code often required the criminal to receive the same injury that he or she had inflicted on a victim. Such laws may seem harsh today, but they were intended to prevent society from descending into chaos and disorder.


Based on this evidence, what might King Hammurabi have wanted to promote in society?

a)

chaos and confusion

b)

justice and order

c)

anger and violence

d)

wealth and fortune

58.

Who is the original audience of the Code of Hammurabi

a)

Students of history

b)

Historians at Universities

c)

subjects of the Babylonian Empire

d)

Readers of the textbook

59.

Who is the Speaker of the Primary Source?

a)

The Judge inspired by God Shamash

b)

King Hammurabi

c)

Emperor Yu inspired by God Shamash

d)

King Hammurabi inspired by God Shamash

60.

What topic best describes Law 196 If a man put out the eye of another man, his eye shall be put out.

a)

Personal injury

b)

robbery

c)

divorce

d)

harboring a fugitive

61.

What topic best describes law 8

If a man has stolen an ox, a sheep, a pig or a boat that belonged to a temple or palace he shall repay thirty times its cost

a)

personal injury

b)

robbery

c)

divorce

d)

harboring a fugitive

62.

The tools that make life easier through inventions and other advancements/achievements are forms of:

a)

specialized labor

b)

technology

c)

social structure

d)

agriculture

63.

This characteristic divides the society into categories, with the highest class being on the top and the lowest class at the bottom.

a)

technology

b)

religion

c)

government

d)

social structure

64.

_________________ is considered by historians to be one of the most important characteristics of a civilization because it introduced the concept of record keeping.

a)

art

b)

writing

c)

religion

d)

social structure

65.

What is true about a reed boat?

a)

It helped the hunter gatherers migrate to different areas around the world.

b)

It was used to help the civilizations trade with other areas.

c)

It was used to help catch fish.

d)

It was used to help create the levees and canals.