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EARTH SCIENCE

Total questions: 105

Worksheet time: 56mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What does plate tectonic theory predict about the distribution of volcanoes and earthquakes?

a)

they should be evenly distributed throughout the earth

b)

they should occur primarily along plate boundaries

c)

they should occur primarily in deep ocean basins

d)

they should only occur along continental margins

2.

. A divergent boundary at two continental plates can result in a ___

a)

rift valley

b)

volcanic island arc

c)

. continental volcanic arc

d)

subduction zone

3.

a depression in the seafloor produced by subduction process

a)

mid ocean ridge

b)

trench

c)

rift valley

d)

mountain

4.

Hotspots are areas or columns where heat or rocks in the mantle are rising toward the earth’s surface.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

5.

Mid ocean ridge is form when two continental crust collide

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

6.

The region along a plate boundary where one plate is forced under another plate is called a

a)

rift valley

b)

paleomagnetic band

c)

subduction zone

d)

transform fault

7.

Seafloor spreading occurs at

a)

subduction zones

b)

transform faults

c)

terraine boundaries

d)

divergent boundaries

8.

A divergent boundary is a boundary between two plates that __________.

a)

move toward each other

b)

slide along each other

c)

converge

d)

move away from each other

9.

What happens when an oceanic plate converges with a continental plate?

a)

The denser oceanic plate slides on top of the less dense continental plate.

b)

The less dense oceanic plate slides under the denser continental plate

c)

The denser oceanic plate slides under the less dense continental plate

d)

All of the above

10.

The Cambrian Explosion refers to

a)

the sudden appearance of many different types of lifeforms in the fossil record

b)

another name for the "Big Bang"

c)

a volcanic eruption in Eastern Europe

11.

During which time segment of the Geologic Time Scale did dinosaurs live?

a)

Cenozoic Era

b)

Mesozoic Era

c)

Paleozoic Era

d)

Precambrian Time

12.

During which time segment of the Geologic Time Scale did fish first appear?

a)

Cenozoic Era

b)

Mesozoic Era

c)

Paleozoic Era

d)

Precambrian Time

13.

During which time segment of the Geologic Time Scale did life first appear?

a)

Cenozoic Era

b)

Mesozoic Era

c)

Paleozoic Era

d)

Precambrian Time

14.

What is the leading cause of mass extinctions of life on Earth?

a)

Mass extinctions are most commonly caused by a dramatic change in some part of the earth system that affects key populations of organisms.

b)

Mass extinctions are most commonly by the shock wave from the collision of a comet or meteoroid with the Earth.

c)

Mass extinctions are most commonly by radiation poisoning from the Sun's solar winds.

d)

Mass extinctions are most commonly by floods that cover all of the land masses on the planet.

15.

During this period Earth was flowing with lava, the core was unstable, and was the first Era of the Precambrian Eon.

a)

Paleozoic

b)

Hadean

c)

Archean

d)

Cenozoic

16.
Paleontologists infer that the earth is approximately how many years old?
a)
4.5 million years
b)
450 million years
c)
450 billion years
d)

4.6 billion years

17.

A rush of pyroclastic materials mixed with water devastated most lands near Mt. Pinatubo when it erupted in 1991. Which volcanic hazard is described in this situation?

a)

caldera

b)

lava

c)

lahar

d)

tsunami

18.
This plate is involved in all of the Ring of Fire Volcanoes.
a)
The Nazca Plate
b)
The North American Plate
c)
The Pacific Plate
d)
The Indian Plate
19.
__________ volcanoes are usually steep sided. They are formed from layers of ash and lava.
a)
Shield
b)
Cone
c)
Dormant
d)
Extinct
20.
Volcanoes that have recently erupted are known as:
a)
Extinct Volcano
b)
Dormant Volcano
c)
Active Volcano
d)
What's a volcano?
21.
What is molten rock that has formed deep within the Earth?
a)
Hot Spot
b)
Magma
c)
Lava
d)
Volcano
22.

The following events can lead to mass wasting, EXCEPT:

a)

Volcanic eruption

b)

Earthquake

c)

Storm Surge

d)

Typhoon

23.

What does it imply if the trunks of the trees that are found on a slope are deformed?

a)

Too much mass wasting is happening on the area

b)

The surface material is about to give in

c)

A larger or faster mass wasting might occur

d)

The surface material is too saturated

24.

Which of the following mass wasting processes is the slowest in terms of rate of motion?

a)

creep

b)

fall

c)

slide

d)

slump

25.

Which of the following factors contribute greatly to mass wasting?

a)

removal of vegetation

b)

oversteepening of slope

c)

gravitational force

d)

ground vibrations

26.

Using the geographic coordinate system, the distance of places can be measured in what Units?

a)

kilometers

b)

kilograms

c)

degrees

d)

liters

27.

A universally used system for locating points and indicating locations on Earth's surface

a)

Coordinate System

b)

Geographic coordinate system

c)

Latitudinal System

d)

Polar System

28.

What is an area on Earth over a mantle plume or an area under the rocky outer layer of Earth where magma is hotter than surrounding magma?

a)

Hot spots

b)

Island Arc

c)

Volcano

29.

1. What are the three main types of rocks?

a)

a) Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic

b)

b) Igneous, Fossil, Sedimentary

c)

c) Sedimentary, Metamorphic, Fossil

d)

d) Igneous, Fossil, Lava

30.

3. What is the difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks?

a)

a) Intrusive rocks form on Earth's surface, extrusive form underground

b)

b) Intrusive rocks form underground, extrusive form on Earth's surface

c)

c) Both form at Earth's surface

d)

d) Both form underground

31.

Which of the following is NOT one of the four major geological subsystems of Earth?

a)

Hydrosphere

b)

Geosphere

c)

Microsphere

d)

Atmosphere

32.
A difference between the oceanic crust and the continental crust is that the oceanic crust is
a)
composed chiefly of sedimentary rocks.
b)
more dense than the continental crust.
c)
older than the continental crust.
d)
continually being created.
33.
Which section of Earth is composed primarily of liquid metal?
a)
crust
b)
mantle
c)
outer core
d)
inner core
34.
Rock that forms when sediment from older rocks get pressed and cemented together.
a)
Sedimentary Rock
b)
Metamorphic Rock
c)
Igneous Rock
35.

Plate tectonics is a scientific theory that explains how major landforms are created as a result of Earth's subterranean movements. Plate plates are able to move because Earth's lithosphere has greater mechanical strength than the underlying asthenosphere. Which of these is NOT the result of plate tectonics?

a)

a. earthquake distribution

b)

b. polar wander

c)

c. formation of new oceans

d)

d. convection in the outer core

36.

The Ring of Fire, also referred to as the Circum-Pacific Belt, is a path along the Pacific Ocean characterized by active volcanoes and frequent earthquakes. Which of the following statements is true about the Pacific Ring of Fire?

a)

a. The Ring of Fire is home to 97% of the world's volcanoes and 99% of its earthquakes.

b)

b. The Ring of Fire is home to the deepest ocean trench, called the Puerto Rico Trench and it is located east of Guam, the 4-mile-deep Puerto Rico Trench formed when one tectonic place was pushed under another.

c)

c. The Ring of Fire is a roughly 90,000-mile chain of volcanoes and seismically active sites that outline the Pacific Ocean.

d)

d. The Ring of Fire is the result of plate tectonics and it is a string of underwater volcanoes and earthquake sites around the edges of the Pacific Ocean.

37.

Scientists did not accept Wegener’s theory of continental drift. Why was Wegener's theory rejected by geophysicists of the 1920's?

a)

a. He could not explain how or why the continents were drifting

b)

b. He could not provide evidence for the continental drift

c)

c. The presence of a continent directly over the south pole

d)

d. The earth was then thought to be too young for such movements

38.

Tectonic plates are huge moving pieces of the Earth's crust and there are different mechanisms that can explain the causes of their movement. Which of the following are the causes of plate movement?

a)

a. radiation and conduction

b)

b. Convection currents and gravity

c)

c. Mantle convection and diffusion

d)

d. Gravity and sublimation

39.

This hypothesis states that the entire solar system started as a large cloud of gas that contracted due to self -gravity

a)

Big Bang

b)

Encounter Hypothesis

c)

Nebular Hypothesis

d)

Protoplanet Hypothesis

40.

This theory describes the universe as expanding. It is widely accepted theory by science community

a)

Steady State Theory

b)

Big Bang Theory

c)

Oscillating Universe

d)

Multiverse

41.

This theory predicted a universe that expanded but did not change its density

a)

Steady State Theory

b)

Multiverse

c)

Oscillating Universe

d)

Big Bang Theory

42.

He was the one who demonstrate the continuously expanding universe through his observation of galactic redshift

a)

Georges Lemaitre

b)

Edwin Hubble

c)

Sir Isaac Newton

d)

Rene Descartes

43.

Provide clues to Earth’s past climate changes

a)

Ice Age

b)

Ice Berg

c)

Ice Core

44.

The study of the physical, chemical and biological processes that take place on the Earth.

a)

Life Science

b)

Environmental Science

c)

Physical Science

45.

The scientific study of celestial objects

a)

Astrology

b)

Astronomy

c)

Astrophysics

46.

The study of Earth’s atmosphere, especially weather and climate

a)

Meteorology

b)

Climatology

c)

Astronomy

47.

The study of the origin, history, processes, and structure of the solid Earth

a)

Paleontology

b)

Geology

c)

Archeology

48.

The study of Earth and the universe around it.

a)

Earth Science

b)

Life Science

c)

Physical Science

49.

Which of the following is an example of Halides?

a)

Fluorite

b)

Gypsum

c)

Dolomite

d)

Hematite

50.

The rarest and most valuable minerals

a)

Native Elements

b)

Precious Stone

c)

Gemstones

d)

Smelting

51.

They are substances that can be cut and polished for jewelry and decoration

a)

Native Elements

b)

Alloy

c)

Gemstones

d)

Smelting

52.

When an ore is heated so that metal can be separated from it.

a)

Hematite

b)

Alloy

c)

Fluorite

d)

Smelting

53.

Which of the following is an example of ores?

a)

Hematite

b)

Gypsum

c)

Fluorite

d)

Calactite

54.

It makes up about 80% of Earth's volume in which the hot molten rocks are located

a)

Crust

b)

Core

c)

Moho

d)

Mantle

55.

The compound formed by Silicon and Oxygen

a)

Calcite

b)

Calactite

c)

Silicate

d)

Sulfate

56.

The scale used to determine the hardness of minerals.

a)

Jolt

b)

Moho

c)

Fracture

d)

Mohs

57.

Minerals of great economic value that are pure elements.

a)

Sulfate

b)

Oxides

c)

Ores

d)

Native Elements

58.

Which of the following is an example of Sulfate?

a)

Gypsum

b)

Fluorite

c)

Dolomite

d)

Corundun

59.

When pure metals are combined to form other metallic substances

a)

Smelting

b)

Alloys

c)

Dolomite

d)

Gemstones

60.

Minerals or combinations of minerals from which metals and non metals can be removed in usable amounts.

a)

Fluorite

b)

Halite

c)

Dolomite

d)

Ores

61.

Which of the following is an example of carbonates?

a)

Fluorite

b)

Halite

c)

Dolomite

d)

Gypsum

62.

Geometric crystals with flat surfaces and definite edges

a)

Color

b)

Cleavage

c)

Luster

d)

Crystal form

63.

Breaks in smooth, definite surfaces

a)

Color

b)

Cleavage

c)

Luster

d)

Fracture

64.

The way a mineral reflects light of its surface

a)

Color

b)

Hardness

c)

Luster

d)

Streak

65.

The very useful property for showing the true color of minerals

a)

Color

b)

Hardness

c)

Luster

d)

Streak

66.

The very thin solid layer of rock made of mostly silicon and oxygen.

a)

Mantle

b)

Core

c)

Moho

d)

Crust

67.

The ability for a mineral to resist being scratched

a)

Color

b)

Hardness

c)

Luster

d)

Streak

68.

Why does the Philippines are prone to earthquakes and volcanic eruptions?

a)

because of its geographical position towards "Pacific Ring of Fire" or pacific plate

b)

because of its geographical position towards south american plate

c)

because of its geographical position towards north american plate

d)

both b and c

69.

What do you think is the reason behind the formation of volcanic arcs or islands in the Philippines?

a)

because of the two oceanic plates slide from each other

b)

because of the two oceanic plates move away from each other

c)

because of the two continental plates move away from each other

d)

because of the two oceanic plates collide from each other

70.

The process of seafloor spreading occur in what plate boundary?

a)

transform boundary

b)

convergent boundary

c)

divergent boundary

d)

slide-slip boundary

71.

These are CORRECT about subduction process EXCEPT?

a)

It is the process when two continental plates move away from each other

b)

It is the process when the oceanic plate goes down under continental plate

c)

It is the process when the two oceanic collides towards each other causing to form another form of oceanic plate

d)

It is the process when the two oceanic plates move towards each other causing to form mountains and volcanoes.

72.

Which among the following is TRUE about planet Earth?

a)

Earth is the third planet among the planets

b)

Earth is the fourth planet among the planets

c)

Earth is the fifth planet among the planets

d)

Earth is the first planet among the planets

73.

Who is a scientist who discovered mantle and the process of seafloor spreading?

a)

Alfred Wegener

b)

Gregor Mendel

c)

Isaac Newton

d)

Harry Hess

74.

Which is TRUE about convection current?

a)

the rising and cooling of molten materials in the crust

b)

the rising and cooling of molten materials in the mantle

c)

the rising and boiling of molten materials in the core

d)

the rising and boiling of molten materials in the crust

75.

He is a scientist who proposed the Plate Tectonics Theory

a)

Gregor Mendel

b)

Isaac Newton

c)

Alfred Wegener

d)

Harry Hess

76.

It is a branch of science that deals with the study of Earth is called?

a)

Zoology

b)

Botany

c)

Geology

d)

Anthropology

77.

It is the instrument use to trace seismic waves when an earthquake occurs is known as?

a)

Richter scale

b)

seismograph

c)

microscope

d)

telescope

78.

Nickle and iron are found in what layer of the Earth?

a)

core

b)

mantle

c)

crust

d)

biosphere

79.

The branch of science that deals with the study of earthquakes is called?

a)

Geology

b)

Seismology

c)

Biology

d)

Microbiology

80.

These are the three layers of Earth EXCEPT?

a)

Mantle

b)

Core

c)

Crust

d)

Biosphere

81.

Oceanic crust is ______________ than continental

a)

less dense

b)

more dense

c)

less hot

d)

more hot

82.

Over what surface do lithospheric plates move?

a)

lower mantle

b)

inner core

c)

outer core

d)

asthenosphere

83.

The youngest rocks on the ocean floor are typically located near what feature?

a)

a mid-ocean ridge

b)

a continental shelf

c)

an abyssal plain

d)

a subduction trench

84.

The most conclusive proof for continental drift was provided by

a)

the coastlines of continents on a map.

b)

evidence of sea-floor spreading

c)

identical fossils found on two separate continents

d)

changes in climatic patterns.

85.

A divergent boundary at two continental plates can result in a ____.

a)

rift valley

b)

volcanic island arc

c)

continental volcanic arc

d)

subduction zone

86.

What type of boundary occurs where two plates move together, causing one plate to descend into the

mantle beneath the other plate?

a)

transform fault boundary

b)

divergent boundary

c)

convergent boundary

d)

transitional boundary

87.

The mid-ocean ridge occurs along a

a)

convergent boundary where new crust is formed

b)

transform boundary where crust is subducted

c)

divergent boundary where sea floor spreading takes place

d)

divergent boundary where subduction takes place

88.

What hypothesis states that the continents were once joined to form a single supercontinent?

a)

plate tectonics

b)

seafloor spreading

c)

continental drift

d)

paleomagnetism

89.

The supercontinent in the continental drift theory was called ____.

a)

Panthalassa

b)

Pangaea

c)

Mesosaurus

d)

Africa

90.

Which of the following refers to the rigid layer that is made up of the uppermost part of the mantle and the crust?

a)

magnetosphere

b)

biosphere

c)

asthenosphere

d)

lithosphere

91.

What is the name of the single landmass that broke apart 200 million years ago and gave rise to today's continents?

a)

Laurasia

b)

Atlantis

c)

Pangaea

d)

Gondwanaland

92.

Which of the following refers to molten rocks beneath Earth's surface?

a)

lava

b)

magma

c)

geyser

d)

geode

93.

Which of the following refers to the theory that says that the continents have not always been in their present locations but have moved there over millions of years?

a)

Plate Tectonics Theory

b)

Continental Drift Theory

c)

Sea-floor spreading

d)

Contiguity Theory

94.

Which of the following Earth's layers is composed of a dense sphere of solid nickel and iron?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

95.

Which of the following Earth's layers is composed of molten iron and nickel?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

96.

Which of the following refers to Earth's largest layer?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

97.

What is the Percentage of Drinkable Water on Earth?

a)

70%

b)

25%

c)

1%

d)

5%

98.

Is a gas that absorbs solar radiation and releases it as heat.

a)

greenhouse

b)

oxide

c)

ozone

d)

CFC

99.

Meteoroids entering Earth’s atmosphere usually burn up in this layer__________

a)

troposphere

b)

mesosphere

c)

stratosphere

d)

thermosphere

100.

As you move up into the troposphere the temperature __________

a)

increases

b)

remains the same

c)

decreases

d)

fluctuating

101.

It refers to substances that once were part of living things or were made by living things.

a)

organic

b)

inorganic

c)

Bio

d)

fossil

102.

What is the name of the thin layer of solid rock that makes up the outermost part of Earth?

a)

core

b)

mantle

c)

biosphere

d)

crust

103.

Which Earth sphere contains oxygen, water vapor, nitrogen and other gases to help us survive?

a)

atmosphere

b)

biosphere

c)

geosphere

d)

hydrosphere

104.

Which sphere contains all living things on earth?

a)

Hydrosphere

b)

Biosphere

c)

Geosphere

d)

Atmosphere

105.

Which of the following is NOT one of the four major geological subsystems of Earth?

a)

Hydrosphere

b)

Geosphere

c)

Microsphere

d)

Atmosphere

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