Manakah dari berikut ini yang paling akurat mengenai penempatan

pedicle screw torakal?

Stimulation in what peri-Sylvian region would most likely cause speech arrest during awake speech mapping?

A frontal view digital substraction angiogram following a right carotid artery injection is shown in this image. What is the likely etiology of the lesion demonstrated?

Neurophysiological monitoring during translabrynthine resection of a vestibular schwannoma with minimal extension into the cerebellopontine angle includes which of the following?

A 53 year old male had a left acoustic neuroma resected 5 months ago and has had severe, throbbing left-sided headaches that began the week of the resection. He rarely had headaches before surgery. His headaches are without associated symptoms and are not positional. The only relief he gets is from opioid analgesics. What is the next best step in management?

A 55 year old male presents with progressive grait disturbance and impotence. Coronal Magnetic resonance angiogram and angiograms are shown in the lumbar spine. There is no evidence of hemorrhage. VHL screen is negative. Which one of the following diagnoses is most likely?

An 82 year old woman presents to the neurosurgery clinic with typical trigeminal neuralgia. She has substantial medical comorbidities and wpuld like to avoid surgery. The patient opts for stereotactic radiosurgery. What factor would predict a favorable outcome?

How much of the superior sagittal sinus can be sacrificed without a high risk of inducing venous infarctions?

What is the most common location for dural arteriovenous fistulae to drain?

During an endonasal transsphenoidal approach, what structure limits

the working space and maneuverability of the instruments?

A 58 year old right handed male presents with bifrontal headaches and a partial left opthalmoplegia. MRI results are shown. Biopsy revealed this tumor to be a chordoma. An extensive subtotal skull-based resection was performed. Which is the best choice for adjuvant therapy regimen?

Parkinsonian tremor can be diminished by high frequency stimulation of:

What is a contradiction for posterior cervical foraminotomy as a treatment for

cervical radiculopathy due to disc herniation?

Pasien anak laki laki lahir secara pervaginam, didapatkan klini seperti pada gambar. Bagaimana kemungkinan

Laki-laki usia 45 tahun menalani operasi dengan pendekatan subtemporal untuk akses tumor dengan elevasi dura dari lantai dossa media dan tulang petrosus. Pasca operasi, pasien mengeluh penurunan lakrimasi sisi ipsilateral. Apakah etiologi yang mungkin pada kasus ini?

A 76 year old female is undergoing microsurgical clipping of anterior communicating artery (ACOM) aneurysm. Intraoperatively, there is an inadvertent injury to the recurrent artery of huebner (RAH). However, other perforators are well preserved. The postoperative CT image, however, shows hypodensities involving the caudate head, anterior limb of the internal capsule as well as putamen. What is the most likely cause of the radiological findings?

A 30 year old woman presents for her 1 month follow up after bilateral optic nerve sheath fenestration for malignant pseudotumor cerebri syndrome. Her incisions are healing well, and her orbital edema is resolving, and her eye movements are full. However, her visual fields appear to be worsening despite the apparent improvement of her optic nerve edema clinically and by optical coherence tomography. She continues on 500 mg of PO acetazolamide twice a day but continues to have headaches with pulsatile tinnitus. What is most likely cause of her symptoms despite the improvement of her edema?

Seorang anak laki-laki berusia 12 tahun mengeluhkan kehilangan penglihatan mata kiri dan sakit kepala sesekali. Evaluasi endokrin menunjukkan adanya diabetes inspidus ringan dan hipotiroidisme. Gambaran MRI ditunjukkan pada Gambar dibawah. Anda merekomendasikan upaya reseksi tumor secara total. Komplikasi apa yang paling mungkin terjadi?

A 67-year-old woman presents to the emergency room following a motor vehicle collision with a large right-sided subdural hematoma and uncal herniation seen on CT. The Glasgow Coma Scale score is 5. She has a dilated and nonreactive right pupil. She has flexor posturing on the left side and is hemiplegic on the right side. What is the most likely explanation for her right-sided hemiplegia?

A 32-year-old recent immigrant from Southeast Asia presents with back pain and a new kyphotic deformity after tripping up in his flat. T1and T2 WMRI are shown. Which one of the following is most likely diagnosis?

A surgeon decides to utilize an infratentorial supra cerebellar corridor to approach a pineal region mass. What blood vessel is frequently cauterized and divided for better exposure of the posterior surface of the tumor during this approach?

What structure does the arrow point to in the figure?

Apa    komplikasi    paling    umum    dari    anterior    cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF)?

A pericallosal aneurysm would be found at which location on the lateral projection angiogram shown?

Pasien anak laki-laki lahir secara pervaginam didapatkan klinis seperti

gambar. Bagaimanakah penatalksaan yang tepat?

Dari gambar berikut apakah diagnosis yang paling mungkin

You plan to perform a foramen magnum decompression on the patient shown below. Which one of the following investigations may be helpful?

A 58-year-old male who sustained traumatic fractures to the upper cervical spine following a motor vehicle accident. After a detailed evaluation of the fracture characteristics and imaging studies, you recommend posterior instrumentation and fusion from the occiput to C2. The patient asks you how would this affect his range of motion. You should inform him that he would probably experience which one of the following?

Which of the following are the cardinal motor symptoms of Parkinson disease (PD) that are most amenable to treatment with deep brain stimulation (DBS)?

Berikut adalah tampilan endoskopi (ETV). Lokasi melakukan ventrikulostomi ventrikel III terletak pada

A 74-year-old woman presents to the emergency room complaining of vertigo and nausea increasing in severity over the past several hours. CT and MRI studies were performed, and representative images are shown here. This lesion likely represents a(n):

Gambaran klinis yang PALING umum dari kejang lobus temporal mesial adalah?

Which of the following muscles would you expect to find weak given the find on this scan?

Axial T2 and postcontrast T1-weighted imaging of the lumbar spine are shown in these images. To what does the abnormality indicated by the arrow correspond

What is a characteristic of the lesion depicted in this CT image?

What  is  a  characteristic  of  the  injury shown on this CT scan?

Which one of the following is labeled X in the image below?

Which one of the following is most likely in a child with the below MRI appearance pre- senting with increasing head circumference and shortness of breath?

A 50-year-old man complains of 2 days' double vision. Has abducting nystagmus in the right eye and vertical gaze is preserved bilaterally. Which one of the following is most likely?

Which of the following structures represents a potential site of ulnar nerve entrapment?

A 37-year-old man was diagnosed at age 25 when he had his first generalized tonic-clonic seizure while bowling. He was then noted to have complex partial seizures during which he would repeatedly respond by saying “what” to all questions, lip smack, and throw up his right arm. He was unaware of any auras and was amnestic for his seizures. Most of his seizures were from sleep with a frequency of about 2 per week. He had been involved in sev- eral car accidents secondary to seizures. Which one of the following is most likely?

Examination of which of the following movements is most helpful in distinguishing an L4 radiculopathy from a femoral neuropathy?

Which of these treatments influences the incidence of chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) recurrence?

Which one of the following clinical findings would you look for in this patient?

A 75-year-old man with a history of recent memory impairment is admitted with headache, confusion, and a left hom- onymous hemianopsia. There is no history of hypertension or malignancy. Non- contrast CT scan and GRE MRI are shown. Which one of the following is the most likely cause of this patient‘s symptoms and signs?

A 40-year-old male without a significant past medical history presents with a severe headache that started about 14 hours ago. The patient was asleep when his headache started. The patient denies any head trauma and a family history of stroke or sudden death. CT brain without contrast is negative. On physical examination, blood pressure is 200/115 mm Hg, respiratory rate is 25/minute, pulse rate 100/minute, and oxygen saturation is 99% on ambient air. The patient is awake, alert, oriented, and can move all extremities. Which of the following is the best next step in management?

Batas sellar apa yang salah?

Sel apa yg paling banyak di CNS

Operasi skullbase fosa media, dura dielevasi, landmark superior sircular cannal apa?

A 65-year-old female develops slurred speech and mild right arm weakness. Her husband calls emergency medical services, and the patient is transported to a nearby Primary Stroke Center as a stroke alert. Her last known normal was 2 hours ago. In accordance with the hospital's stroke alert protocol, the patient undergoes non-contrast head CT and CT angiography, which demonstrate an area of suspected ischemia in the territory of a small branching vessel of the left middle cerebral artery. There is no evidence of hemorrhage or large vessel occlusion. The patient has no contraindication to intravenous (IV) tPA if indicated. Which of the following are the most appropriate treatment and disposition? (BCR)

Yolk sac tumor, true?

Berdasarkan denis yg paling tidak stabil kerusakan pada mana:

A 17 years old boy is brought to emergency room following a motor vehicle collision with multiple fatalities. He is alert, awake, and oriented. He denies neck pain, has no midline tenderness, and does not have injuries. The neurologic exam is unremaekable. He has not used alcohol or drugs. What is the minimum radiographic study needed to clear the cervical spine ?

(Gambar intraoperasi ETV, tampak lamina terminalis sudah jebol). Struktur yang ditunjuk panah kuning?

Gambaran MRI Fibrous dysplasia os frontal udh operasi. Tumbuh lagi. Tatalaksananya, kecuali (pertanyaannya kalo ga salah kontraindikasinya)

Pertanyaannya lupa, gambarnya kira-kira seperti ini (lesi dimanakah ini?)

Pasien laki-laki usia 50 tahun Riwayat kecelkaan lalu lintas 2 bulan yang lalu. Pasien mengalami fraktur humerus dan dilakukan operasi ORIF. Saat ini pasien… lokasi penyebab kelainan tersebut?

An endoscope assisted strip craniectomy procedure for an infant with sagittal craniosynostosis, shown in this image, followed by helmet therapy will have the best cosmetic outcome if this is performed at what age

Translabyrinthine, trautmann triangle batas-batasnya kayaknya pilihannya

MRI kasus Vestibular schwannoma, grading Koos berapa?

A 28 year old left handed female who is 14 weeks pregnant presented to the emergency department with worsening headache, vomiting and drowsiness. CT head scan showed a large right frontal tumor with significant edema. After 48 h of dexamethasone her headache has improved but she still has a mild lef sided arm weakness. Which one of the following would be most appropriate?

MRI HNP lumbal L4-5, potongan axial herniasi posterolateral kanan

(keliatannya belum masuk foraminal)

Gambar mri coronal ada lesi kistik sellar, gangguan visus unilateral pituitari terdorong kemana?

Seorang pasien hemiparese 2 jam lalu dengan durasi 30 menit kemudian membaik sempurna. dilakukan angiogram terdapat severe stenosis MCA. Tatalaksana?