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WorksheetsTranscendentalism
Total questions: 156
Worksheet time: 2hrs 22mins
What is the primary belief of transcendentalism?
That nature is the highest power
That individuals can transcend the physical world
That organized religion is the only truth
That education is the only path to knowledge
Who is considered the father of transcendentalism?
Henry David Thoreau
Amos Bronson Alcott
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Margaret Fuller
Where did transcendentalism primarily originate?
New York
Boston and Concord, Massachusetts
Philadelphia
Washington, D.C.
What did Ralph Waldo Emerson mean when he said, 'I am a transparent eyeball'?
He felt disconnected from nature
He believed he saw all but was nothing
He rejected the idea of individualism
He promoted organized religion
Which of the following social causes were transcendentalists involved in?
Environmentalism
Abolitionism
Women's suffrage
All of the above
According to transcendentalists, how do individuals connect with the universe?
Through education and learning
By embracing nature and self-reflection
By adhering to organized religion
Through social gatherings only
What is the 'oversoul' in transcendentalist philosophy?
A religious entity
The collective consciousness of all souls
A philosophical concept with no meaning
An ancient myth
How did transcendentalists view nature?
As a resource to exploit
As something to be understood scientifically
As symbolic and filled with signs
As irrelevant to human experience
What was Henry David Thoreau known for?
His poetry about love
His book 'Walden' and civil disobedience
His role in organized religion
His critiques of transcendentalism
What distinguishes transcendentalism from romanticism?
Its focus on nature
Its emphasis on individuality and social causes
Its rejection of personal truth
Its European origins
The values of Transcendentalism start with _____________________ and Intuition.
Intellect
The 19th Century was a generation of people struggling to define ________________ and ________________ in a new way.
Who was the founding father of Transcendentalism?
Waldo
Thoreau
Emerson
Whitman
Transcendentalism was a social reform movement that valued ___________ over society.
This idea is about someone standing out from the crowd and not conforming to what society expects of them.
Free Thought
Nonconformity
Self-Reliance
Importance of Nature
What is the transcendentalist belief about nature?
Nature is awe-inspiring and reflects spirituality.
Nature is unpredictable and harsh.
Nature is unstable and changes too much.
Nature is the origin of evil.
Transcendentalists believe that __________, humanity, and nature share a universal soul.
literature
animals
government
Transcendentalism encourages:
Being like everyone else
Following the rules
Avoiding conflict
Not conforming to what others do and say
The Transcendentalists believed in self-reliance and free thought.
True
False
According to the Transcendentalists, how does one discover spirituality?
By going to church every Wednesday and Sunday
By looking inwards and connecting to nature to discover one’s self
By listening to music and reading poetry
By listening to your parents and following the rules
What did the Transcendentalists believe in?
The power of the individual
The power of technology
The power of the government
The power of God
Transcendentalists believed that all people are inherently:
evil
good
selfish
neutral
Based on "Nature", how does one achieve solitude or true peace?
By breaking free from society and embracing nature in order to learn about oneself
By making a weekly effort to watch nature documentaries and observe the documentaries' details
By writing at home about how one would picture nature using one's imagination
By taking a hike in the woods every morning to free your mind
Which characteristic of Transcendentalism refers to the focus on the connection between humans and the natural world, highlighting how we are all connected?
Confidence
Nonconformity
Self-Reliance
Importance of Nature
Which characteristic of Transcendentalism means: 'depending on one's own power and resources instead of those of others'?
Nonconformity
Self-Reliance
Free Thought
Importance of Nature
What philosophy does Thoreau express in this statement: "If a man does not keep pace with his companions, perhaps it is because he hears a different drummer."?
Need for reason
Love of nature
Lack of materialism
Individualism
What is the central idea of Civil Disobedience?
People should obey the law even if they disagree with it.
Individuals should obey their conscience.
The government should regulate trade.
Only a few people should be in charge of the government.
How does nature affect humans?
It can help them better appreciate what they have.
It can improve spiritually and help them connect to the rest of the world
It can make them want to better themselves.
It can make them feel small and insignificant.
According to Thoreau, which type of government is best?
An authoritative government
A government that governs the least
An expansive government
A theocracy
What does the Transcendentalist principle of 'Self-Reliance' encourage?
Dependence on societal norms for validation
Trust in one's own intuition and beliefs
Reliance on technology for self-improvement
Following the majority opinion
Who was the founder of Transcendentalism?
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Henry David Thoreau
William Cullen Bryant
James Russell Lowell
Who wrote the book "Walden" about his time spent reflecting at Walden Pond?
James Russell Lowell
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Henry David Thoreau
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
(a) is a movement of philosophical thought that emphasized respect for nature and self-sufficiency.
What does it mean to be sublime? What is the sublime?
Define the term "Self-Reliance" in your own words using examples.
List one of the major works we read in this unit. Including the author's name and the main idea.
Who are the "Fireside Poets" (list at least 3) and what did they do?
What are the core beliefs of transcendentalism?
Self-Reliance
Conformity
Insight from Nature
Individualism
Idealism
(a) is a prolific poet, essayist, lecturer, and philosopher who also advocated for social reform and abolitionism.
Which poet from this unit was your favorite poet and why?
What period (years) did Transcendentalism dominate American literature?
1600s
1750-1850
1835-1860
1860-1930
What period inspired the Transcendentalism movement?
Abolitionist
Puritan
Romanticism
Enlightenment
Which of these is NOT a Transcendentalist principle?
Imagination is important to the individual
Insight and experience are more important than logic
Society and its institutions such as organized religion and politics are corrupting
Humans are inherently good
The Age of Enlightenment dominated Europe in the __ & __ centuries.
(a)
Which of these is NOT a Transcendentalist author?
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Walt Whitman
Henry David Thoreau
John Locke
Many Transcendental authors were also _____.
Abolitionists
Farmers
Artists
All of the Above
What period dominated literature and life before Transcendentalism?
Revolutionary
Puritan
Renaissance
Enlightenment
Who is this Transcendentalist author?
Walt Whitman
Henry David Thoreau
Ralph Waldo Emerson
None of the Above
This is (a) , a famous female Transcendentalist writer.
This Transcendentalist author is famous for the essay, "On the Duty of Civil Disobedience".
Walt Whitman
Henry David Thoreau
Ralph Waldo Emerson
None of the Above
The Transcendentalist movement strayed away from ____ _____.
(a)
Which of these is a theme that Transcendentalist works focus on?
Individualism
Imagination
Religion
All of the Above
What newspaper did Margaret Fuller write for?
(a)
Which of these IS NOT a social cause that Margaret Fuller fought for?
Abolition
Women's' Rights
Healthcare
Prison Reform
Transcendentalist authors and philosophers were largely (a) society and its institutions.
Which of the following is a central value of Transcendentalism?
Conformity
Self-reliance
Tradition
Materialism
What does Transcendentalism emphasize in terms of spiritual insight?
Dependence on religious authorities
Conformity to societal norms
Intuition and individual experience
Strict adherence to traditional doctrines
What is the relationship between nature and Transcendentalist beliefs?
Nature is irrelevant to Transcendentalism
Nature is a source of spiritual insight and life lessons
Nature should be conquered and controlled
Nature has no impact on human consciousness
How do Transcendentalists generally view the role of government in society?
Government should have absolute authority over individuals to maintain order.
Government is a necessary evil, and individuals should rebel against its authority.
Government should actively dictate moral values to guide society.
Government should have minimal interference, allowing individuals to govern themselves based on their innate moral compass.
What is the emphasis of Transcendentalist views on fitting in?
Conformity is encouraged for social harmony
Nonconformity is seen as a threat to society
Nonconformity is a way to express individualism and truth
Nonconformity is irrelevant in Transcendentalist philosophy
How would a Transcendentalist answer this question: Does technology make it easier or more difficult to think for yourself?
Easier
More Difficult
What is the major significance of Emerson's essay "Nature"?
It is considered one of the foundational texts of the transcendentalist movement in American literature.
The poem started the Transcendental Club.
The essay documents his time in a cabin in the woods and serves as an inspiration for simple living.
It helped Emerson cope with his trauma.
What does Emerson suggest distinguishes the perception of a poet from that of a wood-cutter?
The poet's warranty-deeds grant ownership of the horizon, unlike the wood-cutter's deeds.
The wood-cutter sees only individual farms, while the poet sees the integrated impression of the entire landscape.
The poet owns the landscape, while the wood-cutter owns specific fields and woodlands.
The wood-cutter values individual trees, while the poet values the entire landscape.
Thoreau's allusion to living "Spartan-like" in "Where I Lived and What I Lived For" suggests that he aimed to live:
Socially and communally
Luxuriously and extravagantly
Emotionally and passionately
Frugally and with discipline
It can be inferred that Thoreau's primary purpose in going to the woods was to:
Escape from societal responsibilities
Discover the secrets of the wilderness
Live deliberately and experience the essence of life
Prove the superiority of Spartan lifestyle
The tone of Thoreau's expression "living is so dear" suggests that he views life as:
Fleeting and ephemeral
Precious and valuable
Costly and burdensome
Mundane and uninteresting
Thoreau's desire to "drive life into a corner" and experience its true nature indicates his inclination toward:
Exploration and adventure
Escapism and avoidance
Hedonism and indulgence
Introspection and authenticity
What is a central theme in Transcendentalism?
Conformity
Self-reliance
Tradition
Materialism
What does Transcendentalism emphasize in terms of spiritual insight?
Dependence on religious authorities
Conformity to societal norms
Intuition and individual experience
Strict adherence to traditional doctrines
What is the relationship between nature and Transcendentalist beliefs?
Nature is irrelevant to Transcendentalism
Nature is a source of spiritual insight and life lessons
Nature should be conquered and controlled
Nature has no impact on human consciousness
How do Transcendentalists generally view the role of government in society?
Government should have absolute authority over individuals to maintain order.
Government is a necessary evil, and individuals should rebel against its authority.
Government should actively dictate moral values to guide society.
Government should have minimal interference, allowing individuals to govern themselves based on their innate moral compass.
What is the emphasis of Transcendentalist views on fitting in?
Conformity is encouraged for social harmony
Nonconformity is seen as a threat to society
Nonconformity is a way to express individualism and truth
Nonconformity is irrelevant in Transcendentalist philosophy
What does Emerson suggest distinguishes the perception of a poet from that of a wood-cutter?
The poet's warranty-deeds grant ownership of the horizon, unlike the wood-cutter's deeds.
The wood-cutter sees only individual farms, while the poet sees the integrated impression of the entire landscape.
The poet owns the landscape, while the wood-cutter owns specific fields and woodlands.
The wood-cutter values individual trees, while the poet values the entire landscape.
How does the phrase "The air is a cordial of incredible virtue" contribute to the overall tone of the passage?
It conveys a sense of the air being unpleasant and bitter.
It implies that the air has remarkable and beneficial qualities.
It suggests that the air is harmful and should be avoided.
It indicates that the air is ordinary and unremarkable.
Which of the following best captures the meaning of the phrase "a man casts off his years" in the passage?
The man experiences a renewal or rejuvenation in the woods.
The man physically removes his age like shedding clothing.
The man forgets about the passing of time when in the woods.
The man reflects on the passage of time in the natural setting.
In the context of the passage, what does Emerson suggest about the impact of nature on human emotions?
Nature brings the most delight during the summer.
Nature is indifferent to human emotions.
Nature has no effect on human emotions.
Nature is indifferent to human emotions.
How might the following phrase be best paraphrased: "Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of your own mind"?
The integrity of your mind is the only thing that remains sacred in the end.
Only your own mind has lasting sacredness.
Sacredness is ultimately found only in your own mind's integrity.
Integrity is the sole sacred aspect of your mind.
Thoreau's critique of a life spent "laying up treasures" suggests a broader theme in the passage related to:
The value of hard work and perseverance
The transience of worldly possessions and pursuits
The necessity of financial security
The importance of leaving a lasting legacy
It can be inferred that Thoreau's primary purpose in going to the woods was to:
Escape from societal responsibilities
Discover the secrets of the wilderness
Live deliberately and experience the essence of life
Prove the superiority of Spartan lifestyle
Thoreau's desire to "drive life into a corner" and experience its true nature indicates his inclination toward:
Exploration and adventure
Escapism and avoidance
Hedonism and indulgence
Introspection and authenticity
How does Thoreau describe the impact of spring on nature in the passage?
Large fires become necessary due to colder temperatures
Fogs and rains freeze the snow, creating a winter wonderland
Days become shorter, limiting the time for outdoor activities
The thawing clay represents the rejuvenation of man
Which sentence from the passage provides the best supporting evidence for the idea that spring has a rejuvenating effect on nature and man?
Large fires are no longer necessary.
Fogs and rains and warmer suns are gradually melting the snow.
What is the transcendentalist belief about nature?
nature is there to be used by human beings
nature is awe-inspiring and reflects spirituality
nature is unstable and changes too much
nature is the origin of evil
Transcendentalists believe that ___________ , humanity, and nature share a universal soul.
God
Animals
Literature
Government
Transcendentalism encourages:
following the rules
being like everyone else
joining the majority opinion
not conforming to what others do and say
The Transcendentalists believed in self-reliance and free thought.
True
False
Which of the following is the most worthy of respect in Transcendentalism?
the law
the will of the majority
God's laws
the individual conscience
What does this quote from Emerson mean?
People should spend more time with friends than alone.
People need to balance spending time alone and with others.
Even though it's impractical people should be alone.
It's important to be practical
Transcendentalists valued the spiritual importance of ___________.
nature
church
traveling
laws
Transcendentalism encourages:
following the rules
being like everyone else
joining the majority opinion
not conforming to what others do and say
Which of the following is the most worthy of respect in Transcendentalism?
the law
the will of the majority
God's laws
the individual conscience
A word Thoreau repeats throughout "Walden" is
"nature, nature, nature"
"resist, resist, resist,"
"think, think, think"
"simplicity, simplicity, simplicity"
Who is considered the "father" of Transcendentalism?
Henry David Thoreau
Margaret Fuller
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Robin Williams
The church respected the transcendentalist and their movement.
True
False
Who was the Transcendentalist who owned the land where Thoreau built his cabin?
Edgar Allan Poe
Richard Wallace Everett
Emily Dickinson
Ralph Waldo Emerson
The main theme of Nature is
Nature is to be feared and treated with deep respect.
We all need to work together to protect the natural world.
People are an interconnected part of nature.
People need to exert control over nature and tame it.
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Henry David Thoreau
Walt Whitman
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
Which transcendentalist authors practiced Gothic Transcendentalism?
Henry David Thoreau
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
Nathaniel Hawthorne
Walt Whitman
This type of poetic verse was frequently used by the early transcendentalists, such as Emerson or Longfellow.
Quatrains
Free-Verse
Sonnet
Iambic Pentameter
This kind of poetic verse was favored by the later Transcendentalist authors, such as Henry David Thoreau or Walt Whitman
Quatrain
Free-Verse
Sonnet
Iambic Pentameter
This author had a large sum of money since birth, but used this funding to be a strong abolitionist, composing poetry such as "The Warning" in his Poems About Slavery.
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
Henry David Thoreau
Walt Whitman
Ralph Waldo Emerson
This author was not into the poetic verse, and instead preferred to contribute to the genre with his authorship of novels like The Scarlet Letter or short stories like "The Minister's Black Veil."
Walt Whitman
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Nathaniel Hawthorne
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
Transcendentalism occurred during the set of the following years:
1720-1770
1770-1820
1820-1870
1870-1920
What is the type of figurative language used in the following line: “My headache was so bad. I was sure my head was going to literally explode.”
Hyperbole
Metaphor
Simile
Onomatopoeia
What is the type of figurative language used in the following line: “The people were assaulted by the living dead.”
Hyperbole
Metaphor
Oxymoron
Alliteration
What is the type of figurative language used in the following line: “He was a bulldozer, pushing over anyone who got in his way.”
What is the type of figurative language used in the following line: “Sally sold seven seashells by the seashore."
This author was targeted by Edgar Allen Poe and accused of plagiarism, claiming that this author just "copied the Europeans," which makes sense because this author spent several years in Europe.
Longfellow
Emerson
Thoreau
What is the philosophical movement that emphasizes the inherent goodness of people and nature, often associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau?
Romanticism
Transcendentalism
Realism
Modernism
Which term refers to the ability to understand something immediately, without the need for conscious reasoning?
Intuition
Logic
Analysis
Observation
What concept, advocated by Ralph Waldo Emerson, emphasizes the importance of relying on one's own thoughts and ideas?
Conformity
Self Reliance
Egotism
Temperance
Which term describes the act of refusing to comply with certain laws as a form of peaceful protest?
Civil Disobedience
Anarchy
Revolution
Compliance
What word describes a state of peace and calmness?
Turbulent
Tranquil
Chaotic
Frenzied
Which term refers to an excessive sense of self-importance?
Humility
Egotism
Altruism
Modesty
What is the term for behavior in accordance with socially accepted conventions or standards?
Individualism
Conformity
Rebellion
Innovation
Which word means to go beyond the limits of something?
Transcend
Descend
Recede
Concede
What term is used to describe something of such excellence or beauty as to inspire great admiration or awe?
Mundane
Sublime
Ordinary
Commonplace
Which word means easy to perceive or detect?
Opaque
Transparent
Obscure
Hidden
What term describes a feeling of excitement and happiness?
Despair
Exhilaration
Melancholy
Apathy
Which term refers to moderation or self-restraint, especially in eating and drinking?
Gluttony
Temperance
Indulgence
Excess
What is the use of vivid and descriptive language to add depth to writing?
Imagery
Dialogue
Monologue
Syntax
Which term refers to the central topic or idea explored in a text?
Plot
Theme
Setting
Character
What is the attitude or approach that the author takes towards the subject of the text?
Tone
Mood
Style
Voice
Imagine you're on a journey with Ava and James to discover the essence of transcendentalism. What is the main idea behind this philosophical adventure?
It emphasizes the importance of wealth and social customs.
Knowledge comes through logic and the senses.
People can trust themselves to be their own authority on what is right.
Transcendentalism is a religious belief system.
Imagine you're part of a secret club with Benjamin, Abigail, and Noah, where you discuss deep philosophical ideas. Who would be the charismatic leader of this Transcendental Club?
Walt Whitman
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Henry David Thoreau
Nathaniel Hawthorne
Imagine you're joining Emma and Daniel on a time-travel adventure to Walden Pond! What was Henry David Thoreau's main goal during his stay there?
A pursuit of wealth and social customs
An experiment in self-reliance and simplicity
A religious retreat
A political protest
Imagine you're in a classroom with Noah, Benjamin, and Grace, and Ralph Waldo Emerson is your guest speaker. What exciting advice does he give to inspire the American spirit in 'The American Scholar'?
Focus on wealth and social customs
Imitate European thinkers
Look to Europe for inspiration
Be themselves and stop looking to Europe for inspiration
Hey Lily, Sophia, and Aria! Can you guess what the transcendentalists were not fans of?
Government, organized religion, and social institutions
Art and creativity
Individualism and self-reliance
Nature and simplicity
Imagine you're on a nature walk with Ethan and Abigail, pondering life's big questions. What did Henry David Thoreau believe about the best way to live?
Life is best lived in a city
Life is wasted following social customs
Life should be about pursuing wealth
Life should be about accumulating possessions
Imagine Priya, Evelyn, and Ethan are discussing transcendentalism. What do they believe about human potential?
It is determined by wealth
It is limitless
It is defined by religious beliefs
It is limited by social customs
Imagine you're in a lively debate with Aria, Priya, and Mia about the wisdom of Emerson. What did Emerson think about the role of books in our lives?
Books are unnecessary in the pursuit of knowledge
Books should be the only source of inspiration
Books are the ultimate source of knowledge
Books are noble but should not replace personal experience
Imagine you're on a quest to live like a true Transcendentalist! Which of the following activities would you choose to embrace your inner philosopher, just like Anika and Michael?
Spending time in solitude in nature.
Pursuing wealth and status.
Following societal trends.
Engaging in competitive sports.
Sophia and Elijah are having a lively debate about how a Transcendentalist might react to the latest tech gadgets. What do you think a Transcendentalist would say?
As the ultimate solution to human problems.
With caution, considering their impact on the individual's spiritual and moral development.
As irrelevant to the true nature of human existence.
Entirely negatively, advocating for a return to pre-technological times.
Imagine you're spending a day with Kai, Aiden, and Anika. Which activity would a Transcendentalist like them most likely choose to do?
Participating in a competitive business environment.
Engaging in deep conversations about the meaning of life in nature.
Attending a political rally in support of a mainstream candidate.
Shopping for the latest fashion trends.
Imagine you're having a lively debate with Samuel and Grace about society. What do Transcendentalists argue is the main issue with society?
Society encourages spiritual growth.
Society is inherently good but corrupted by institutions.
Society stifles individuality and personal freedom.
Society has no impact on personal development.
Imagine you're in a lively debate club with Maya, Elijah, and Anika. The topic is: How do Transcendentalists believe society truly progresses?
By inventing the next big gadget.
By sticking to the good old traditions.
By daring individuals who shake things up and challenge the status quo.
By accepting that progress is just a myth and not worth the effort.
Imagine you're in a magical forest with Isla, Abigail, and Luna, discussing the wonders of learning. Which statement would a Transcendentalist like Ralph Waldo Emerson agree with about education?
Formal education is the only way to true knowledge.
Education should focus on the development of the individual's intuition and creativity.
Education is unnecessary for those who are naturally intelligent.
The current education system perfectly addresses the needs of individuals.
Imagine Ethan, Nora, and Emma are on a magical journey through an enchanted forest. According to Transcendentalism, what kind of relationship do they share with the mystical nature around them?
They are the rulers of the forest.
They exist in a harmonious relationship with nature.
The forest is a wild beast to be feared and conquered.
They have no special connection to the forest.
Imagine Maya, Arjun, and Oliver are on a magical journey to discover the secrets of the universe. What does Transcendentalism suggest they might find in nature?
Nature is a barrier to understanding the universe.
Nature is a mere backdrop for human activities.
Nature is a source of truth and understanding.
Nature is irrelevant to human development.
Imagine you're on a treasure hunt with Emma, Kai, and Anika. What would a Transcendentalist think about the shiny gold coins you find?
It is the ultimate goal of life.
It is necessary for happiness and fulfillment.
It is insignificant compared to spiritual and intellectual wealth.
It should be equally distributed among all people.
Imagine you're on a quest for happiness, like Maya, Liam, and Anika. What does Transcendentalism suggest about where you might find it?
In the cheers and approval of society.
By stacking up shiny, new possessions.
By living in harmony with nature and your true self.
It's a wild goose chase and not worth pursuing.
Imagine you're a Transcendentalist like Samuel or Benjamin. How would you view intuition?
As less reliable than empirical evidence.
As the highest form of knowledge.
As irrelevant in the pursuit of truth.
As useful only in scientific discovery.
Imagine you're on a mystical journey with Arjun and Samuel, exploring the secrets of the universe. What do Transcendentalists believe about our spiritual connection to this vast cosmos?
It is only achievable through organized religion.
It is an illusion and not attainable.
It is achieved through deep connection with nature and self-reflection.
It is reserved for a select few enlightened individuals.
Imagine Anika, Nora, and Maya are creating their dream society. Which of the following ideals would a Transcendentalist like Ralph Waldo Emerson most likely cheer for?
A strict hierarchical society.
A society based on wealth and material success.
A society that values individual freedom and self-expression.
A society that prioritizes technological advancement over all else.
Imagine you're a Transcendentalist philosopher like Ethan or Daniel. Why is self-reliance your superpower?
It is discouraged in favor of community reliance.
It is considered the foundation of moral and spiritual development.
It is seen as selfish and harmful to societal cohesion.
It is only important in financial matters.
Imagine you're in a lively debate club with Abigail, Grace, and Oliver. The topic of the day is: What do Transcendentalists think about conformity?
It is necessary for a well-functioning society.
It is a virtue that all individuals should strive for.
It is a hindrance to personal and spiritual growth.
It is only acceptable in matters of fashion.
Hannah, Evelyn, and Aria are on a quest to discover the secrets of Transcendentalist thought. How do they achieve true understanding on their adventure?
Through academic study and rational thought.
By adhering to societal norms and laws.
Through personal experience and intuition.
By accumulating wealth and power.
Hey there, art enthusiasts! What does Transcendentalism have to say about the arts? Let's see if Evelyn, Aria, or Grace can help us find the answer!
They are a waste of time and distract from more important pursuits.
They are an essential expression of the individual's connection to the universe.
They should only be pursued for commercial success.
They are less important than scientific achievements.
