WorksheetsCardiovascular System Quiz
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 10mins
Mr. Joko, 50-year-old, is known to have coronary artery disease. His doctor gave him bisoprolol, a beta-blocker agent, as one of his regular medications. What is the mechanism of this medication for his situation?
Decrease his anxiety about the disease
Reduce heart rate to decrease myocardial oxygen demand
Prevent thrombus formation at the atherosclerotic plaque
Prevent development of atherosclerotic plaque
Vasodilate the coronary artery to increase myocardial oxygen supply
While sitting in the plenary class of cardiovascular block, your name was mentioned to come forward. Your heart rate increased significantly from 60 beats per minute to 100 beats per minute. What is the mechanism of this increased heart rate?
Increased renin angiotensin system
Increased parasympathetic system
Reentry electrical signal in the heart
Enhanced automaticity of action potentials
Increased sympathetic system
Pacemaker cells are endowed with the property of automaticity. This property occurred due to certain characteristics of action potential which are different from those of myocyte action potential. Which property is not unique for action potential of pacemaker cell?
The ion channel through which the pacemaker current passes is different from the fast sodium channel responsible for phase 0 of the myocyte
phase 4 of pacemaker cell action potential has an upward slope
the maximum negative voltage of pacemaker cell is less negative
All of those statements are correct
the phase 0 upstroke of the pacemaker cell action potential relies mainly on Na influx
A patient with severe chest pain and bradycardia brought to Emergency room. The cardio X-ray CT revealed that the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery was blocked 70% What sulci is LAD artery located?
Posterior Interventricular
Coronary sinus
Anterior Interventricular
Right Marginal
Left marginal
Frank-Starling mechanism is one the particular feature in cardiac muscle contractility. What is the correct statement regarding the Frank-Starling mechanism?
In situation with increased contractility, the stroke volume will be the same as in the normal heart
Within physiologic limit, the more a normal ventricle is distended during diastole, the lower is the cardiac output
Cardiac output in heart failure can be increased significantly with increasing preload
In heart failure, the increase of LV end-diastolic pressure can result to harmful condition (pulmonary congestion) without a significant increase in stroke volume
Frank-Starling mechanism works more efficiently in heart failure
When examining the heart sound of your friend, you heard a physiologic splitting of second heart sound during deep inspiration. What is the mechanism of this physiologic splitting?
Deep breathing causes delayed closure of pulmonary valve
Deep breathing causes delayed closure of aortic valve
Deep breathing causes early closure of mitral valve
Deep breathing causes early closure of tricuspid valve
Deep breathing causes delayed closure of mitral valve
Which basic tissue type predominates in the tunica media?
Connective tissue
Muscle
Neuron
Epithelium
Nerve
Ventricular pressure is higher than the atrial pressure in all phases of the cardiac cycle except in:
isometric contraction phase
maximum ejection phase
reduced ejection phase.
atrial systole phase
You are studying the cardiac pressure using this schematic drawing of the heart. What is the normal pressure (cmH2O) of the cardiac chamber?
RA = 2-8 ; LA = 2-10; RV = 15-30/2-8; LV 100-140/2-10
RA = 2-8; LA = 2-10; RV = 100-140/2-8; LV 100-140/2-10
RA = 15-30 ; LA = 15-30; RV = 100-140/2-8; LV 100-140/2-10
RA = 15-30 ; LA = 15-30; RV = 15-30/2-8; LV 15-30/2-10
RA = 15-30 ; LA = 15-30; RV = 15-30/2-8; LV 100-140/2-10
Mr Joko, 50-year-old, known to have ischemic heart disease. He experienced stable angina pectoris. How would you describe typical characteristic of stable angina pectoris?
Chest pain can be located with two fingers
Pinching pain on the left chest with a duration of one second
Retrosternal pain provoked with exercise, relieved with rest
Chest pain worsening with deep inspiration
Sharp and tearing-like pain at the back radiating to the abdomen
In the histology of myocyte, a sarcomere is the smallest unit of contractile in myofibril. Which marking in this microscopic histology myocyte reveals one sarcomere?
A segment
I segment
M segment
H segment
a Z-to-Z segment
Mr. Damar, 28 years old, is suffered from mitral stenosis. Lying down with head up 30 degree, the jugular vein was measured at 5 + 4 cmH2O. Blood pressure was 110/70 mmHg. Heart catheterisation revealed: pulmonary pressure (PA) pressure was 40/20 mmHg, pulmonary capillary wedge (PCW) pressure 26. Mean gradient trans-mitral was 19 mmHg. Using the data above, describe the cardiac pressure of each chamber.
Right atrial = 9; right ventricle = 40/20; left atrium = 26; left ventricle = 110/70
Right atrial = 4; right ventricle = 40/9; left atrium = 26; left ventricle = 110/7
Right atrial = 9; right ventricle = 40/9; left atrium = 26; left ventricle = 110/70
Right atrial = 9; right ventricle = 40/9; left atrium = 19; left ventricle = 110/7
Right atrial = 9; right ventricle = 40/9; left atrium = 26; left ventricle = 110/7
ECG record gives valuable information about all of the following except:
Disturbance of rhythm and conduction
The influence of some drugs
Ischemic changes of the myocardium
Relative size of heart chamber
Cardiac output
During an action potential, there is a certain period in which muscle is refractory to restimulation. What is correct about the refractory periods?
The ventricular muscle cells has a shorter refractory period that the atrial cells.
The plateau phase of action potential in cardiac cells contribute to the absolute refractory period
This phenomenon is inherited in nerves, skeletal and cardiac muscle cells.
It is abnormal situation that may present in diseased cardiac cells
Any strong stimulation can induce activation at the absolute refractory period.
In which of the following leads are you most likely to observe ST Segment elevation when there is an acute and extensive infarction of the anterior and lateral wall of the heart?
Leads I, II, III
Leads I, aVL, and V1-V6
Leads II, III, and aVF
Leads aVR, aVL, and aVF
What is the afterload factor in the regulation of stroke volume?
contractile strength at a given muscle length, dependent of EDV
Varying degree of stretching of myocardium by EDV.
pressure that must be overcome for ventricles to eject blood
degree of stretch of cardiac muscle cells before they contract
pressure that must be overcome for Atrial to eject blood
You are measuring the jugular vein pressure (JVP) of Mr. Bambang, 50-year-old. He has suffered from the congestive heart failure. The result of the JVP measurement was 5 + 4 cmH2O. What information contained in this measurement?
The vertical height of the external jugular vein was 4 cm above the sternal angle
The estimate right atrial pressure was 9 cmH2O
The sternal angle is located approximately 5 cm above the center of the left ventricle
The estimate left atrial pressure was 9 cmH20
The estimate left ventricle pressure was 5 cmH2O
Acute coronary syndrome occurs due to sudden occlusion of the coronary artery. What is the mechanism of the sudden occlusion?
Thrombosis process due to infection at the atherosclerotic plaque
Thrombosis process that was triggered by the ruptured plaque
Progressive thickening of the atherosclerosis plaque
Vessel wall rupture
Thrombosis process due to increased blood viscosity
An action potential was recorded in a myocyte, as revealed in the picture. What is the best explanation of the occurrence of phase 0?
influx of calcium ion into the cell through fast channels
influx of potassium ion into the cell through fast channels
efflux of chloride ion out of the cell through fast channels
influx of natrium ion into the cell through fast channels
influx of magnesium ion into the cell through fast channel
The ECG findings of bundle branch block (BBB):
QRS complexes are prolonged & deformed.
HR rate is slowed
Double hump QRS complex occurs in V5 & V6 in right BBB
Associated with absence of P waves
