4. In these models of liquid water and ice, you can see that the water molecules in liquid water are very close together, but that the molecules in ice are arranged in a pattern that makes them further apart. This is why ice takes up more room in a container than the liquid water it came from. Sometimes in the winter when water gets into cracks in the road, the water freezes and the road breaks apart and forms a pothole. Explain why you think the freezing of water could cause this to happen.

12. The temperature at which a substance freezes is called its freezing point. The freezing point of water is 0°C (32°F). Corn oil and isopropyl alcohol have lower freezing points than water. This means that they need to be cooled to lower temperatures to make them freeze. Each liquid is made up of different molecules. The molecules of different liquids are attracted to each other by different amounts. The molecules have to slow down to different speeds before their attractions can take hold and organize them into fixed positions as a solid. Why do different liquids have different freezing points?

14. Why do the air molecules condense in the balloon?

A student noticed a bottle of water had frozen in the refrigerator. He made the claim that the water expanded and caused the bottle to crack. What evidence can he use with a regular water bottle to support his claim?

A student noticed a bottle of water had frozen in the refrigerator. He made the claim that the water expanded and caused the bottle to crack. What justification (scientific reasoning) can the student use to support his claim. (Why would water expand?) Explain with molecules.