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Muscle System

Total questions: 74

Worksheet time: 39mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

what are the functions of muscle tissue?

a)

movement

b)

posture

c)

protection

d)

power

e)

shape

2.

what are the functions of muscle tissue?

a)

contraction

b)

sphincters

c)

storage

d)

heat

e)

energy

3.

how many different muscles we have?

a)
Over 600 muscles
b)
Exactly 500 muscles
c)
Over 400 muscles
d)
Around 300 muscles
4.

how much is the muscle body mass?

a)

40-50%

b)

50-60%

c)

below 30%

d)
Varies by individual; requires measurement.
5.

long cylindrical multinucleated, striated cells

a)

Skeletal

b)

Smooth

c)

Cardiac

6.

attach to bone, skin, fascia

a)

Skeletal

b)

Smooth

c)

Cardiac

7.

responsible for voluntary control

activated by reflexes

very fast contraction

fatigues quickly

a)

Skeletal

b)

Smooth

c)

Cardiac

8.

short, branched, striated cells

a)

Skeletal

b)

Smooth

c)

Cardiac

9.

cells joined by intercalated disks

*allows conduction of heart impulse

a)

Skeletal

b)

Smooth

c)

Cardiac

10.

responsible for involuntary control

slower contraction

e.g. in heart walls

a)

Skeletal

b)

Smooth

c)

Cardiac

11.

function to pump blood to all parts of the body

a)

Skeletal

b)

Smooth

c)

Cardiac

12.

spindle-shaped, tapered ends

no striations

a)

Skeletal

b)

Smooth

c)

Cardiac

13.

lines walls of blood vessels & hollow organs

involuntary control

contracts slowest

a)

Skeletal

b)

Smooth

c)

Cardiac

14.

mainly function in motion

a)

Skeletal

b)

Smooth

c)

Cardiac

15.

also called myocytes

elongated cell

looks long cylinder

a)

muscle fiber

b)

endomysium

c)

fascicles

d)

perimysium

e)

epimysium

16.

means "within"

a connective tissue

surrounding each muscle fiber

a)

muscle fiber

b)

endomysium

c)

fascicles

d)

perimysium

e)

epimysium

17.

bundle of muscle fibers

about 10 to 100 fibers

a)

muscle fiber

b)

endomysium

c)

fascicles

d)

perimysium

e)

epimysium

18.

a connective tissue surrounding each fascicle

separates fascicle

a)

muscle fiber

b)

endomysium

c)

fascicles

d)

perimysium

e)

epimysium

19.

attaches to periosteum of bone

outer layer

strong connective tissue surrounding many fascicle

a)

muscle fiber

b)

endomysium

c)

fascicles

d)

perimysium

e)

epimysium

20.

supplied by a nerve, artery, and vein

a)

muscle

b)

muscle fiber

c)

motor neuron

21.

supplied by a motor neuron and 1 to 2 capillaries (located in endomysium)

a)

muscle

b)

muscle fiber

c)

motor neuron

22.

innervates (supply nerve) several muscles cells via action potential

a)

muscle

b)

muscle fiber

c)

motor neuron

23.

rope formation of epimysium

attaches muscle to bone

built to withstand tension

a)

Tendons

b)

Aponeurosis

c)

Achilles Tendon

24.

dense regular connective tissue

limited blood & nervous supply

a)

Tendons

b)

Aponeurosis

c)

Achilles Tendon

25.

dense regular connective tissue

limited blood & nervous supply

flatter & thinner

a)

Tendons

b)

Aponeurosis

c)

Achilles Tendon

26.

thickest and strongest tendon of the body

a)

Tendons

b)

Aponeurosis

c)

Achilles Tendon

27.

flat sheet of epimysium that attach flat muscle to bone or muscle to muscle

separate muscle

a)

Tendons

b)

Aponeurosis

c)

Achilles Tendon

28.

surround muscle fiber

cell membrane

found under endomysium

a)

sarcolemma

b)

sarcoplasm

c)

Transverse Tubules

d)

sarcoplasmic reticulum

e)

Skeletal Muscle Fibers

29.

cytoplasm of a muscle fiber

has glycogen for ATP

consist myoglobin & myofibril

a)

sarcolemma

b)

sarcoplasm

c)

Transverse Tubules

d)

sarcoplasmic reticulum

e)

Skeletal Muscle Fibers

30.

invagination of sarcolemma

carry signals to contract

deep into sarcoplasm

a)

sarcolemma

b)

sarcoplasm

c)

Transverse Tubules

d)

sarcoplasmic reticulum

e)

Skeletal Muscle Fibers

31.

smooth endoplasmic reticulum that surrounds each myofibril

stores calcium (needed for contraction)

a)

sarcolemma

b)

sarcoplasm

c)

Transverse Tubules

d)

sarcoplasmic reticulum

e)

Skeletal Muscle Fibers

32.

muscles are full of the following organelles:

a)

myofibrils

b)

mitochondria

c)

sarcoplasmic reticulum

d)

myosin

e)

actin

33.

red-coloured protein found in sarcoplasm

a)

myofibril

b)

myoglobin

c)

myosin & actin

d)

regulatory proteins

e)

structural proteins

34.

small structure, occupying 80% of cytoplasm

long-tube like organelles of skeletal muscle

a)

myofibril

b)

myoglobin

c)

myosin & actin

d)

regulatory proteins

e)

structural proteins

35.

alternating dark regions that gives muscle striped appearance

a)

myofibril

b)

myoglobin

c)

myosin & actin

d)

regulatory proteins

e)

structural proteins

36.

contraction proteins

a)

myofibril

b)

myoglobin

c)

myosin & actin

d)

regulatory proteins

e)

structural proteins

37.

troponin or tropomyosin

turn contraction on and off

a)

myofibril

b)

myoglobin

c)

myosin & actin

d)

regulatory proteins

e)

structural proteins

38.

titin or dystrophin

provide proper alignment, elasticity, & extensibility

a)

myofibril

b)

myoglobin

c)

myosin & actin

d)

regulatory proteins

e)

structural proteins

39.

thick filaments composed

a)

myosin

b)

actin

c)

troponin & tropomysin

40.

resembles 2 golf clubs twisted

myosin heads extend towards thin filaments

a)

thick filaments

b)

thin filaments

41.

myosin binding site on each actin molecules

covered by tropomyosin supported by troponin

a)

thick filaments

b)

thin filaments

42.

components of sarcomere

a)

Z discs

b)

A band

c)

I Band

d)

H zone

e)

M line

43.

narrow, plate-shaped regions

separate one sarcomere from the next

a)

Z discs

b)

A band

c)

I Band

d)

H zone

e)

M line

44.

dark, middle part of sarcomere

extends entire length of thick filament

a)

Z discs

b)

A band

c)

I Band

d)

H zone

e)

M line

45.

lighter, less dense area of sarcomere

contains remainder of thin filament but no thick filament

a)

Z discs

b)

A band

c)

I Band

d)

H zone

e)

M line

46.

where Z disc passes through

a)

Z discs

b)

A band

c)

I Band

d)

H zone

e)

M line

47.

narrow region in center of each "A band"

that contains thick filaments but no thin filaments

a)

Z discs

b)

A band

c)

I Band

d)

H zone

e)

M line

48.

region in center of "H zone" that contains proteins

hold thick filaments together at center of sarcomere

a)

Z discs

b)

A band

c)

I Band

d)

H zone

e)

M line

49.

what is the association site if of nerve and muscle

(a)  

50.

what is the neurotransmitter for skeletal msucle?

a)
Dopamine
b)
Norepinephrine
c)
Serotonin
d)
Acetylcholine
51.

What event allows the muscle fiber to return to a relaxed state after contraction?

a)

Continuous release of ACh

b)

Breakdown of ACh and reabsorption of calcium into the SR

c)

More calcium being released from the SR

d)

Constant depolarization of the sarcolemma

52.

What is the main purpose of releasing calcium during muscle contraction?

a)

To depolarize the muscle fiber

b)

To expose binding sites on actin so myosin can attach

c)

To break down acetylcholine

d)

To repolarize the muscle membrane

53.

Which step happens immediately after acetylcholine (ACh) is released into the neuromuscular junction?

a)

Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum

b)

The muscle fiber depolarizes

c)

ACh is broken down by acetylcholinesterase

d)

The muscle relaxes

54.

Which of the following correctly represents the sequence of events in skeletal muscle contraction?

a)

Nerve signal → ACh release → Muscle depolarization → Action potential travels → Calcium released → Muscle contraction → ACh breakdown → Relaxation

b)

ACh release → Nerve signal → Calcium release → Muscle depolarization → Relaxation

c)

ACh breakdown → Nerve signal → Muscle depolarization → Calcium released → Muscle contraction

d)

Calcium release → Nerve signal → ACh breakdown → Muscle contraction → Relaxation

55.

Which ions does sarcolemma becomes permeable to?

a)

Na+

b)

K+

c)

Ca2+

56.

in relaxed muscle, ____ is unable to bind to actin,

a)

myosin

b)

troponin

c)

tropomysoin

57.

Step 1 in initiation of Muscle Contraction

a)
Absorption of oxygen by muscle fibers.
b)
Release of glucose from muscle cells.
c)

Calcium binds to troponin

d)
Activation of myosin heads by ATP.
58.

Step 2 in initiation of Muscle Contraction

a)

Troponin-Tropomyosin complex moves to free up binding site

b)
ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP and phosphate.
c)
Myosin heads detach from actin filaments.
d)
Calcium ions are released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
59.

First Event during Contraction Cycle

a)
Release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
b)

Myosin Heads activated by ATP

c)
Increase in heart rate due to adrenaline.
d)
Relaxation of cardiac muscle fibers.
60.

Second Event during Contraction Cycle

a)
Formation of cross-bridges between actin and tropomyosin.
b)
Binding of myosin heads to actin filaments.
c)
Release of calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
d)
Hydrolysis of ATP by myosin heads.
61.

Third Event during Contraction Cycle

a)
Power stroke
b)
Cross-bridge formation
c)
Calcium release
d)
ATP hydrolysis
62.

Last Event during Contraction Cycle

a)
Release of calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
b)
Binding of myosin head to actin
c)

Myosin heads bind ATP & Crossbridge detach

d)
Reactivation of ATP for the next cycle
63.

Muscle Contraction is continuous as long as ____ & _____ are available:

a)
sodium ions and glucose
b)
potassium ions and creatine
c)
magnesium ions and oxygen
d)
calcium ions and ATP
64.

which are NOT shortened during contraction?

a)
Z-line
b)
H-zone
c)
Thick and thin filaments (myosin and actin)
d)
I-band
65.

Which of the following correctly describes the sequence of events during muscle relaxation?

a)

Calcium pumped back to SR → Muscle AP ends → ACh broken down → Troponin–tropomyosin covers actin → Muscle relaxe

b)

ACh broken down → Muscle AP ends → Calcium channels close → Calcium pumped back to SR → Troponin–tropomyosin covers actin → Muscle relaxes

c)

Muscle AP ends → ACh broken down → Troponin–tropomyosin covers actin → Calcium released → Muscle contracts

d)

Troponin–tropomyosin covers actin → ACh broken down → Calcium pumped back to SR → Muscle AP starts → Muscle contracts

66.

Which of the following events occur during muscle relaxation? Select all that apply.

a)

Acetylcholine (ACh) is broken down by enzymes in the synaptic cleft

b)

Calcium is pumped back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)

c)

Troponin–tropomyosin complex covers the binding sites on actin

d)

Myosin heads perform the power stroke

e)

Muscle action potential continues to propagate along the sarcolemma

67.

What causes troponin-tropomyosin complex to cover myosisn-binding site on actin?

a)
Low calcium ion concentration causes the troponin-tropomyosin complex to cover the myosin-binding site on actin.
b)
ATP depletion results in the troponin-tropomyosin complex blocking the myosin-binding site on actin.
c)
Increased pH levels lead to the troponin-tropomyosin complex covering the myosin-binding site on actin.
d)
High calcium ion concentration causes the troponin-tropomyosin complex to expose the myosin-binding site on actin.
68.

brief contraction of all fibers in a motor unit in response to a single action

20-200 Milliseconds

a)

Isometric Contraction

b)

Twitch Contraction

c)

Concentric Isotonic

d)

Eccentric Isotonic

e)

Isotonic Contraction

69.

contractions allow movement of muscle and shorten joint angles

a)

Isometric Contraction

b)

Twitch Contraction

c)

Concentric Isotonic

d)

Eccentric Isotonic

e)

Isotonic Contraction

70.

contraction control the lengthening of a muscle that previously shortened (contracted)

a)

Isometric Contraction

b)

Twitch Contraction

c)

Concentric Isotonic

d)

Eccentric Isotonic

e)

Isotonic Contraction

71.

muscle length changes

e.g. dumbbell exercise

a)

Isometric Contraction

b)

Twitch Contraction

c)

Concentric Isotonic

d)

Eccentric Isotonic

e)

Isotonic Contraction

72.

muscle length doesn't change

e.g. holding a book

a)

Isometric Contraction

b)

Twitch Contraction

c)

Concentric Isotonic

d)

Eccentric Isotonic

e)

Isotonic Contraction

73.

muscle fibers obey "all or nothing" law but contraction of muscle can be graded by:

a)

Changing the number of fibers stimulated

b)
Decreasing the temperature of the muscle
c)
Increasing the size of muscle fibers
d)
Varying the number of motor units and frequency of stimulation.
74.

occurs when second ACTION POTENTIAL is applied before muscle is completely relaxed

calcium ions remain in the cell

"second contraction is stronger"

a)

Wave summation

b)

Graded Action Potential

c)

Muscle Metabolism

d)
Muscle fatigue