Worksheets(Savvas Ch. 4 & 5) Ch. 4 and 5 Review for Exam
Total questions: 103
Worksheet time: 2hrs 35mins
Is the following sentence true or false? John Dalton gathered evidence for the existence of atoms by measuring the masses of elements that reacted to form compounds.
True
False
Thomson experimented with a cathode ray tube and concluded that the particles in the glowing beam had a(n) __________ charge because they were attracted to a positive plate.
negative
positive
neutral
Match the scientist to the model of the atom.
The atom is a sphere of evenly distributed positive charge with electrons embedded in it, like plums in a pudding.
J.J. Thomson's Model
The atom contains a dense positively charged nucleus with electrons revolving around the nucleus at any energy.
Ernest Rutherford's Model
The atom is the smallest indivisible particle of matter, like a hard billiard ball.
John Dalton's Model
All samples of pure water contain the same percentages by mass of hydrogen and oxygen. This illustrates the Law of:
Definite Proportions
Conservation of Mass
Multiple Proportions
Conservation of Energy
According to Dalton's atomic theory, a chemical reaction is ________.
The creation of new atoms
The destruction of atoms
The rearrangement of atoms
The conversion of atoms into energy
Which Greek philosopher was the first person to use the word "atomos" to describe the uncuttable (indivisible) atom?
Democritus
Plato
Socrates
Aristotle
Aristotle thought matter was made of only four elements that could be continuously divided into smaller pieces. What were Aristotle's four elements?
Earth, air, fire, water
Ice, water, steam, clouds
Dirt, rocks, sand, soil
Iron, gold, silver, copper
Ernest Rutherford shot positive alpha particles at gold foil during an experiment. Rutherford's gold foil experiment helped him discover the
negative electron
negative nucleus
neutral neutron
positive nucleus
Which scientist first developed four rules for atomic theory, and helped start modern chemistry because he had experimental evidence?
Subatomic particles with a negative charge
Electrons
Neutrons
Protons
Quarks
Ernest Rutherford shot positive alpha particles at gold foil during an experiment. What did he observe?
Most of the alpha particles bounced off the gold foil.
Most of the alpha particles were absorbed by the gold foil.
All of the particles passed through the gold foil.
Most of the alpha particles passed through the gold foil, but some deflected and some bounced back.
The word "indivisible" means
cannot be seen
cannot be split into parts
newly formed
cannot be counted
Choose the TWO statements about electric charge interactions that are correct.
Objects with like charges attract.
Objects with like charges repel.
Objects with opposite charges attract.
Objects with opposite charges repel
John Dalton discovered that if two or more compounds can be made from the same two elements, then the ratio of masses is always a whole number. This is called the
Law of Definite Proportions
Law of Multiple Proportions
Law of Conservation of Mass
Law of Conservation of Energy
John Dalton's experiments with gases confirmed the Law of Conservation of Mass. What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?
Mass is created in a chemical reaction.
Mass is created in a physical change.
New chemicals formed from a chemical reaction have a larger overall mass than the original reactants.
Mass is never created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.
What is true about the atom?
Most of the space in an atom is taken up by the nucleus.
Atoms are mostly empty speace.
Atoms have no mass.
Electrons have much more mass than protons or neutrons.
What are three subatomic particles?
Proton, Neutron, Electron
Atom, Molecule, Compound
Proton, Electron, Molecule
Neutron, Atom, Compound
Which subatomic particle has a positive charge?
Nucleus
Proton
Neutron
Electron
Why did Chadwick conclude that the particles produced by his experiment were neutral in charge?
Because they were attracted to a positive plate
Because they were repelled by a negative plate
Because they did not deflect in an electric field
Because they were attracted to a negative plate
Which properties vary among subatomic particles?
Color, Mass, Charge, Location in the atom
Mass, Charge, Location in the atom
Color, Mass, Location in the atom
Mass, Charge, Color
Which expression accurately compares the masses of neutrons and protons?
Mass of 1 neutron = mass of 1 proton
Mass of 2000 neutrons = mass of 1 proton
Mass of 1 electron = mass of 1 proton
Mass of 1 neutron = mass of 1 electron
What is an atomic number?
The number of protons in an atom
The number of neutrons in an atom
The number of electrons in an atom
The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom
Choose the letter(s) that identify quantities that are always equal to an element’s atomic number.
number of protons
number of neutrons
number of electrons
number of nuclei
Is the following sentence true or false? Two different elements can have the same atomic number.
True
False
Sometimes true
Cannot be determined
Every atom of a given element has the same number of _______ and _______.
protons, neutrons
protons, electrons
neutrons, electrons
nuclei, protons
Every atom of a given element does not have the same number of _______.
protons
electrons
neutrons
nuclei
What are isotopes?
Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
Atoms with the same number of neutrons but different numbers of protons
Atoms with different numbers of protons and electrons
Atoms with the same number of protons and electrons
All oxygen atoms have 8 protons. Circle the letter of the number of neutrons in an atom of oxygen-18.
(a)
Is the following sentence true or false? Isotopes of oxygen have different chemical properties.
True
False
Sometimes true
Cannot be determined
Water that contains hydrogen-2 atoms instead of hydrogen-1 atoms is called _______.
Heavy water
Light water
Isotopic water
Deuterium oxide
Smallest of the 3 subatomic particles
protons
neutrons
electrons
Which particle has a positive electrical charge?
proton
neutron
electron
Has no electric charge
protons
neutrons
electrons
What is the charge of a proton?
1+
0
1-
2+
Look at this picture of Argon on the periodic table. An atom of argon contains how many protons?
18 protons
40 protons
22 protons
21.9 protons
Look at this picture of Argon on the periodic table. What is the average atomic mass of argon?
18 amu
22 amu
39.948 amu
21.9 amu
Look at this picture of Argon on the periodic table. The isotopes of argon include argon-40 and argon-38 and argon-36. Which isotope is the most common isotope of argon?
argon-40
argon-38
argon-36
The Bohr Model of the Atom says that
electrons orbit the nucleus at specific locations and specific energy levels.
electrons orbit the nucleus at any location and any energy level.
the location of an electron cannot be determined.
electrons are located in the nucleus of the atom.
Emission of light from an atom occurs when an electron ___
drops from a higher to a lower energy level
jumps from a lower to a higher energy level
orbits around the nucleus
falls into the nucleus
The lowest energy level an electron will occupy in an atom at an ordinary condition is called the ____.
ground state
excited state
relaxation state
absorption state
When an electron absorbs enough energy, it jumps up to a higher level. This is called
ground state
excited state
emission state
relaxation state
How many valence electrons does this atom have?
2
6
8
16
What is a valence electron?
Electron in the first energy shell
Electron in the second energy shell
Electron in the outermost energy shell
Total number of electrons
Bohr's model of the atom is said to also be the
planetary model
chocolate chip model
plum pudding model
windmill model
What evidence led Niels Bohr to believe that electrons occupy specific energy levels in atoms?
When atoms are heated or excited they emit colored light at every possible wavelength.
When atoms are heated or excited they emit colored light at only certain wavelengths.
When atoms are heated or excited they do NOT emit colored light.
Which element does this Bohr model represent? (Refer to a periodic table.)
Aluminum (Al)
Silicon (Si)
Magnesium (Mg)
Cobalt (Co)
Look at this picture of potassium on the periodic table. How many electrons does an atom of potassium contain?
This Bohr Model represents which element? Refer to a periodic table.
Neon
Magnesium
Sodium
Manganese
Which Bohr Model represents neon? Refer to a periodic table.
Which Bohr Model represents beryllium? Refer to a periodic table.
The unknown emissions spectra belongs to the element
Hydrogen
Mercury
Neon
Helium
In Bohr's Model of the Atom, the maximum number of electrons in the first shell is ___, the second shell is ___, and the third shell is ___.
2, 8, 18
2, 10, 28
2, 4, 6
2, 18, 32
Match the following atomic model to its scientist
Dalton
Thomson
Rutherford
Bohr
What are the regions called where an electron is most likely to be found according to Modern Atomic Theory?
paths
orbits
trajectories
orbitals
Which situation accurately explains why fireworks give off colors or light
The electrons of an atom move from a higher energy level to a lower energy level and they absorb energy in the form of heat and light.
The electrons of an atom move from a lower energy level to a higher energy level and they release energy in the form of heat and light.
The electrons of an atom move from a lower energy level to a higher energy level and they absorb energy in the form of heat and light.
The electrons of an atom move from a higher energy level to a lower energy level and they release energy in the form of heat and light.
Which of the following best describes the electron cloud model?
Electrons are located in fixed orbits around the nucleus.
Electrons are scattered throughout a positively charged sphere.
Electrons are found in regions of probability around the nucleus.
Electrons are located in the nucleus.
Is this statement true or false? The electron cloud is denser where the probability of finding an electron is low.
True
False
Mendeleev arranged the elements into rows in order of ____________ so that elements with similar properties were in the same column.
increasing atomic mass
decreasing atomic number
alphabetical order
increasing density
Tellurium has greater atomic mass than Iodine. Mendeleev decided to reverse their order on the periodic table due to
their chemical properties and similarities with other elements.
the alphabetical order of their names.
their boiling points.
the year they were discovered.
What did Mendeleev predict about the empty spaces in his periodic table?
They would remain empty
They would be filled with gases
New elements would be found to fill them
They were errors in his calculations
Which element is found in group 2, period 6?
Oxygen (O)
Barium (Ba)
Selenium (Se)
Carbon (C)
Where is nitrogen in the periodic table?
Group 3; Period 2
Group 15, Period 2
Group 2; Period 3
Group 2; Period 15
Mendeleev organized elements with similar properties in the same
horizontal row
vertical column
table
pile
Which element is in the same GROUP (FAMILY) as potassium?
sodium
magnesium
calcium
Which element is in the same PERIOD as potassium?
sodium
magnesium
calcium
Which element has SIMILAR CHEMICAL PROPERTIES to potassium?
sodium
magnesium
calcium
A property that was UNKNOWN to Mendeleev was
atomic number.
atomic mass.
density.
melting point.
Is silicon a metal, nonmetal or metalloid?
Metal
Nonmetal
Metalloid
Is this graph periodic?
Yes
No
Properties of elements repeat in a predictable way when atomic numbers are used to arrange elements into groups. This pattern of repeating properties is called the ____________.
periodic law
atomic theory
chemical bond
isotopic rule
Elements that have the same number of energy levels are said to be in the same
group.
period.
classification.
atomic radius.
Describe the trend in metallic character as you move from left to right across a period in the periodic table.
The metallic character increases
The metallic character decreases
The metallic character remains constant
The metallic character significantly increases and decreases.
In the Modern Periodic Table elements are arranged by increasing
atomic mass.
valence electrons.
atomic number.
number of isotopes.
luster
Which classification has the most elements?
metals
nonmetals
metalloids
gases
What does malleable mean?
able to be hammered or rolled into sheets
will break easily
able to be pulled into a wire
is shiny
the capability of light to be reflected off a surface to produce shine.
how well a piece of matter conducts electricity.
the capability of being drawn out into thin wires or threads.
the capability of being hammered out thin.
Phosphorus is a type of
Metal
Nonmetal
Metalloid
What kind of elements are dull and have low melting points?
metals
nonmetals
metalloids
megametals
What is the general trend of the periodic table?
Elements within ________ have the same number of valence electrons.
the same group
the same period
a different group
a different period
Which set of elements represent the two metalloids in Group 14.
Silicon (Si) Germanium (Ge)
Boron (B)
Aluminum (Al)
Tin (Sn)
Lead (Pb)
Carbon (C)
Oxygen (O)
Which set of elements represent the nonmetals in Group 15 of the periodic table?
Nitrogen (N),
Phosphorus (P)
Oxygen (O),
Sulfur (S)
Carbon (C),
Silicon (Si)
Fluorine (F),
Chlorine (Cl)
Match the properties to the groups (families) of elements.
Alkali Metals
soft solids with low densities
Transition Metals
hard solids with high densities
Noble Gases
colorless odorless gases
Halogens
colorful toxic gases, liquids, or solids
This element is in Group 1, but it is not a metal.
hydrogen
francium
potassium
helium
Match the group number to the group name in the periodic table.
Alkali Metals
Group 1
Alkaline Earth Metals
Group 2
Transition Metals
Groups 3-12
Halogens
Group 17
Noble Gases
Group 18
How many valence electrons does an alkaline-earth metal atom have?
How many valence electrons does a halogen atom have?
Match these period 4 elements to their groups in the periodic table.
Potassium
Alkali Metal
Calcium
Alkaline Earth Metal
Zinc
Transition Metal
Bromine
Halogen
Krypton
Noble Gas
The most reactive metal group is ____ and the most reactive metal in that group is ____.
alkali metals, Li
alkaline earth metals, Ra
alkali metals, Fr
transition metals, Sc
The most reactive nonmetal group is ____ and the most reactive nonmetal in that group is ____.
halogens, I
halogens, F
noble gases, He
noble gases, Rn
Why must alkali metals be stored in oil?
To enhance their shine
To prevent reaction with oxygen and water
To increase their malleability
To improve conductivity
Which of these will form a -1 charge?
transition metals
non-metals
halogens
alkali metals
Lithium is part of the ____ family.
Chlorine is part of the ____ family.
Magnesium is part of the ____ family.
Neon is part of the ____ family.
An atom that has a positive or negative electric charge because it has gained or lost electrons is called a(n)
ion
isotope
neutral atom
METALS tend to ____ electrons and become _____ charged ions in a chemical reaction.
lose; positively
lose; negatively
gain; positively
gain; negatively
NONMETALS tend to ____ electrons and become _____ charged ions in a chemical reaction.
lose; positively
lose; negatively
gain; positively
gain; negatively
