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Development Unit Test Review (Fall 2025 - Teacher Cadet)

Total questions: 84

Worksheet time: 1hrs 4mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Cognitive Learning Theory was developed by ________________.

a)

Jean Piaget

b)

Erik Erikson

c)

Lev Vygotsky

d)

Sigmund Freud

2.

TRUE OR FALSE? Jean Piaget believed that children & adults think differently.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

c)

.

d)

.

3.

Fitting new information into already existing schema is called what?

a)

Assimilation

b)

Accommodation

c)

Conservation

d)

Schema

4.

What is the age range of the Sensory Motor Stage?

a)

0 - 5

b)

2 - 6

c)

1 - 4

d)

0 -2

5.

Formal Operations is the stage of __________ reasoning.

a)

Reflexive

b)

Mental

c)

Deductive

d)

Abstract

6.

Sucking and grasping are example of ___________ for infants?

a)

Reflexes

b)

Schema

c)

Responding

d)

Sensory

7.

In the Concrete Operations Stage, children still cannot what?

a)

Reason Abstractly

b)

Classify

c)

Put things in order

8.

Adjusting schema to fit new situations or demands is called what?

a)

Assimilation

b)

Seriation

c)

Accommodations

d)

Conservation

9.

What is Piaget's 3rd stage of Cognitive Development?

a)

Concrete Operations

b)

Sensory Motor

c)

Formal Operations

d)

Pre-operational

10.

Pre-programmed reactions to certain stimulus.

a)

REFLEXES

b)

SCHEMA

c)

OPERATIONS

d)

ASSIMILATION

11.

Processes and patterns people use to interpret the world.

a)

REFLEXES

b)

SCHEMA

c)

OPERATIONS

d)

ASSIMILATION

12.

Logical thought processes the brain uses to learn, understand, and remember a concept.

a)

REFLEXES

b)

SCHEMA

c)

OPERATIONS

d)

ASSIMILATION

13.

Understanding new information using preestablished patterns.

a)

ASSIMILATION

b)

ACCOMODATION

14.

Changing existing patterns to fit new situations.

a)

ASSIMILATION

b)

ACCOMODATION

15.

During the preoperational stage, the child discovers the difference between themselves and the (a)   .

16.

The formal operational stage is when the child is ____ or older.

a)

10

b)

11

c)

12

d)

14

17.

One of your friends tells you to steal some candy. You are in the preconventional stage, so why do you NOT steal?

a)
I wouldn’t like it if someone stole from me.
b)
It is against the law
c)
If everyone did it, then the shop would have to close down.
d)
I might get caught and get in trouble.
18.

Which term best describes the pre-conventional level?

a)

ethics

b)

conformity

c)

self-interests (consequences)

19.

Which is not a Level of Moral Development?

a)

Pre-Conventional

b)

Conventional

c)

Post-Conventional

d)

Post-Scenario

20.

In this stage, children make moral decisions based on reward and punishment.

a)

preconventional

b)

conventional

c)

postconventional

21.

In this stage, children want to please others.

a)

preconventional

b)

conventional

c)

postconventional

22.

In this stage, the child goes beyond himself and society because he does what he thinks is right.

a)

preconventional

b)

conventional

c)

postconventional

23.

Social Contract, Principles, and Cosmic are part of what stage of moral development?

a)

preconventional

b)

conventional

c)

postconventional

24.

Good Child and Law & Order are part of what stage of moral development?

a)

preconventional

b)

conventional

c)

postconventional

25.

TRUE or FALSE? Piaget developed the idea that people go through three stages of moral development.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

c)

.

d)

.

26.

In Obedience and Punishment (preconventional stage), (a)   is the motivation to obey/follow the rules.

27.

In reciprocity (preconventional stage), the child shares if _______ share and hurts if _______ hurt (*Same word for both blanks)

(a)  

28.

A child shares their toys with their siblings to avoid getting yelled at by their mother. This is an example of what stage of moral development?

a)

preconventional

b)

conventional

c)

postconventional

29.

A child helps their friend with homework because it makes them feel good about themselves when they help others. This is an example of what stage of moral development?

a)

preconventional

b)

conventional

c)

postconventional

30.

A teen believes that those who do good will receive good, so they always go out of their way to help others. This is an example of what stage of moral development?

a)

preconventional

b)

conventional

c)

postconventional

31.

In (a)   contract theory, the person believes laws are relative and may need to be changed.

32.

All humans have dignity and deserve rights. This is an example of what substage of moral development?

a)

social contract

b)

principled

c)

cosmic

33.

During what stage do people begin to do what they believe is right even if society doesn't agree with it?

a)

preconventional

b)

conventional

c)

postconventional

34.

During what stage of moral development do people not operate on regularly?

a)

preconventional

b)

conventional

c)

postconventional

35.

What substage of moral development is when the child is concerned about what others think and often conforms to fit in.

a)

Good Child

b)

Law & Order

36.

Match each term with the proper definition

a)

Conception - 2 weeks; 46 chromosomes; the blueprint for every detail of human development

1.

ZYGOTE

b)

2 weeks - 8 weeks; foundations of the brain, spinal cord, & nervous system; heart begins to beat

2.

EMBRYO

c)

8 weeks - 38 weeks; everything present that would be found in fully formed human

3.

FETUS

d)

Birth - 2 years

4.

NEONATE

37.

By ____________ of age, the child imitates sound and action.

a)

10 months

b)

14 months

c)

16 months

d)

18 months

38.

By ____________ of age, the child understands things can happen by his actions.

a)

10 months

b)

14 months

c)

16 months

d)

18 months

39.

By ____________ of age, the child enjoys games and songs.

a)

10 months

b)

14 months

c)

16 months

d)

18 months

40.

By ____________ of age, the child's vocabulary "explodes."

a)

10 months

b)

14 months

c)

16 months

d)

18 months

41.

TRUE OR FALSE? Pregnancy has three trimesters.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

c)

.

d)

.

42.

At what age does a child usually walk?

a)

6 months

b)

8 months

c)

10 months

d)

13 months

43.

TRUE OR FALSE? Neonatal development occurs between the birth of a baby until he/she is 1 year old.

a)

TRUE

b)

FASLE

c)

.

d)

.

44.

By age __________, the child has reached 50% of their adult height.

a)

2

b)

3

c)

5

d)

7

45.

Match each stage of development with their age ranges.

a)

Preschool Development

1.

2-6 years old

b)

Middle Childhood Development

2.

6-12 years old

c)

Adolescent Development

3.

12-18 years old

d)

Neonatal Development

4.

Birth - 2 years old

46.

During what stage of development is physical growth slow but steady?

a)

Middle (6-12 years old)

b)

Preschool (2-6 years old)

c)

Adolescent Development (12-18 years old)

d)

Neonatal Development (birth-2 years old)

47.

During what stage of development are there "raging" hormones.

a)

Middle (6-12 years old)

b)

Preschool (2-6 years old)

c)

Adolescent Development (12-18 years old)

d)

Neonatal Development (birth-2 years old)

48.

During what stage of development are children moving from gross motor skills to small (fine) motor skills?

a)

Middle (6-12 years old)

b)

Preschool (2-6 years old)

c)

Adolescent Development (12-18 years old)

d)

Neonatal Development (birth-2 years old)

49.

Physical growth is rapid at this stage of development.

a)

Middle (6-12 years old)

b)

Preschool (2-6 years old)

c)

Adolescent Development (12-18 years old)

d)

Neonatal Development (birth-2 years old)

50.

Oil and sweat glands increase in production during this stage of development.

a)

Middle (6-12 years old)

b)

Preschool (2-6 years old)

c)

Adolescent Development (12-18 years old)

d)

Neonatal Development (birth-2 years old)

51.

During which trimester does the central nervous system develop?

a)

1st

b)

2nd

c)

3rd

52.

What is the average weight of a newborn?

a)

6 pounds

b)

7 pounds

c)

8 pounds

d)

9 pounds

53.

TRUE OR FALSE? During middle childhood development, boys are generally taller and heavier than girls.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

54.

How many stages of development are there in Erik Erikson's theory?

a)

9

b)

8

c)

10

d)

7

55.

What age is Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt?

a)

Young adult

b)

Elementary and middle school years

c)

Late adulthood

d)

Toddler

56.
What stage am I?
Kids feel good about being productive, or they feel inferior for failing to do so.
a)
Initiative vs guilt
b)
Industry vs inferiority
c)

Identity & reputation vs identity confusion

57.
What stage am I?
They look back on their lives and either see a sense of worth or failure.
a)
integrity vs despair
b)

Generativity vs self-absorption

c)

Identity & reputation vs identity confusion

58.
What stage am I?
the child begins school and must tame imagination and impulses, and please others. If adults support the child's efforts, a sense of competence develops 
a)
Trust vs mistrust
b)
Initiative vs Guilt
c)
Industry vs Inferiority
59.

Which of the individual's below is in the identity versus confusion stage?

a)
b)
c)
d)
60.

If a child struggles to do well in school, what problem might emerge?

a)

Struggle with feelings of inferiority

b)

Experience a sense of guilt

c)

Develop a poor self-identity

d)

Begin to mistrust the people around him

61.

A newborn is (a)   on others and learns to trust or mistrust those around him.

62.

In the early childhood years, the child is trying to become autonomous and gain (a)   over their body.

63.

TRUE OR FALSE? In Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt, the child will either feel proud of oneself or will feel shame and doubt when they experience difficulty with a task.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

c)

.

d)

.

64.

During this stage, the child is curious and begins to ask a lot of questions. They are either encouraged during this stage or told not to ask so many questions, so they begin to feel guilt.

a)

INITIATIVE vs. GUILT

b)

INDUSTRY vs. INFERIORITY

c)

TRUST vs. MISTRUST

d)

AUTONOMY vs. SHAME/DOUBT

65.

During this stage, the child will either gain knowledge and become industrious or they will make poor grades and feel inferior

a)

INITIATIVE vs. GUILT

b)

INDUSTRY vs. INFERIORITY

c)

TRUST vs. MISTRUST

d)

AUTONOMY vs. SHAME/DOUBT

66.

Erik Erikson said this stage of psychosocial development is one of the most important stages for success in life.

a)

IDENTITY & REPUTATION vs. IDENTITY CONFUSION

b)

INDUSTRY vs. INFERIORITY

c)

TRUST vs. MISTRUST

d)

AUTONOMY vs. SHAME/DOUBT

67.

During what stage does a person have the potential to feel isolated and not connected to society?

a)

IDENTITY & REPUTATION vs. IDENTITY CONFUSION

b)

INTIMACY & SOLIDARITY vs. ISOLATION

c)

GENERATIVITY vs. SELF-ABSORPTION

d)

INTEGRITY vs. DESPAIR

68.

This is the stage during which people may feel regret for all of the things they did not did not do in their lifetime.

a)

IDENTITY & REPUTATION vs. IDENTITY CONFUSION

b)

INTIMACY & SOLIDARITY vs. ISOLATION

c)

GENERATIVITY vs. SELF-ABSORPTION

d)

INTEGRITY vs. DESPAIR

69.

The stage includes the prime adult years (25-65 years).

a)

IDENTITY & REPUTATION vs. IDENTITY CONFUSION

b)

INTIMACY & SOLIDARITY vs. ISOLATION

c)

GENERATIVITY vs. SELF-ABSORPTION

d)

INTEGRITY vs. DESPAIR

70.

According to Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, what is the first stage experienced by children?

a)

Initiative versus guilt

b)

Autonomy versus shame/doubt

c)

Trust versus mistrust

d)

Industry versus inferiority

71.

In Erikson's ____ stage of psychosocial development, preschoolers are challenged to control their own behavior.

a)

autonomy versus shame and doubt

b)

initiative versus guilt

c)

industry versus inferiority

d)

trust versus mistrust

72.
The zone of proximal development is:
a)
The most a child can learn in a given day
b)
The gap between what the child can do on their own and what they cannot do without assistance
c)
What the child already knows
d)
The intelligence level the child is projected to be at given point
73.
According to Vygotsky,  why is language important in development?
a)
Language is the main means by which adults transmit info to children.
b)
Language is a powerful tool of intellectual adaptation.
c)
Language is an accelerator to thinking and understanding.
d)
All of the above.
74.

According to Vygotsky, children (a)   learn by themselves.

75.

TRUE OR FALSE? According to Vygotsky, culture is one of the main factors in child development.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

c)

.

d)

.

76.

Which of the following provides self-guidance?

a)

internalized-talking

b)

ZPD (Zone of Proximal Development)

c)

play

d)

language

77.

Children should be assessed just (a)   their ZPD.

78.

TRUE OR FALSE? According to Vygotsky, learning can only take place in social situations.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

c)

.

d)

.

79.

Play is essential to social, personal, & (a)   development.

80.

TRUE OR FALSE? Tests can measure what a student knows and what he/she can do independently.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

c)

.

d)

.

81.

According to Vygotsky, children do not learn best from the assistance of adults.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

c)

.

d)

.

82.

According to Vygotsky, learning can only take place in (a)   situations.

83.

Adults can provide support to children in becoming independent learners through _________ (adjusting support as needed)

a)

self-talk

b)

scaffolding

c)

interactions

d)

conscious awareness

84.

(a)   contributes to a child's intellectual development significantly.