wayground logo

Free Printable Worksheets

NEW

Font size

S
M
L
XL
Worksheets

Ingestive Behavior

Total questions: 51

Worksheet time: 26mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following is not one of the four essential features of a regulatory mechanism?

a)

System variable

b)

Set point

c)

Detector

d)

Enzyme activation

2.

The process by which a system maintains stability by counteracting deviations from a set point is called:

a)

Positive feedback

b)

Homeostasis

c)

Facilitation

d)

Feedforward regulation

3.

Which type of feedback is primarily responsible for stopping behaviors once the desired outcome is reached, such as stopping eating?

a)

Positive feedback

b)

Negative feedback

c)

Feedforward feedback

d)

Neutral feedback

4.

Osmometric thirst is caused by:

a)

A decrease in blood plasma volume

b)

Water leaving cells due to increased osmotic pressure

c)

Water entering cells due to low osmotic pressure

d)

Excess sodium excretion

5.

Which brain region is primarily involved in the sensation of thirst?

a)

Hypothalamus

b)

Anterior cingulate cortex

c)

Hippocampus

d)

Medulla oblongata

6.

Volumetric thirst is triggered by:

a)

Increased osmotic pressure in cells

b)

Low blood plasma volume from blood loss, vomiting, or diarrhea

c)

Increased glycogen storage in the liver

d)

High concentrations of glucose in the blood

7.

Which hormone is released to help regulate blood volume and pressure during volumetric thirst?

a)

Cortisol

b)

Insulin

c)

Angiotensin

d)

Ghrelin

8.

Imagine someone eats a very salty meal but drinks very little water. Which type of thirst will they experience first, and why?

a)

Volumetric thirst, because blood volume decreases

b)

Osmometric thirst, because cells lose water and shrink

c)

Volumetric thirst, because angiotensin levels drop

d)

Osmometric thirst, because glycogen stores are depleted

9.

A person drinks a lot of water quickly after intense exercise. How do osmometrics mechanisms respond?

a)

Cells swell, decreasing firing rate of osmoreceptors

b)

Cells shrink, increasing firing rate of osmoreceptors

c)

Angiotensin release increases

d)

Blood volume decreases

10.

The short-term energy reservoir primarily:

a)

Stores fats in adipose tissue

b)

Stores carbohydrates as glycogen in the liver

c)

Provides energy for muscles during exercise

d)

Stores amino acids for protein synthesis

11.

Which hormone stimulates the storage of glycogen in the liver?

a)

Glucagon

b)

Insulin

c)

Angiotensin

d)

Cortisol

12.

The long-term energy reservoir:

a)

Stores glycogen in the liver

b)

Stores triglycerides in adipose tissue

c)

Only supplies energy to muscles

d)

Is used primarily during short periods of fasting

13.

A person has not eaten for 24 hours. Which energy reservoir will their body primarily use, and why?

a)

Short-term reservoir, because glycogen stores are still full

b)

Long-term reservoir, because glycogen stores are depleted

c)

Short-term reservoir, because fats cannot be broken down yet

d)

Long-term reservoir, because insulin levels are high

14.

A marathon runner needs energy beyond what the short-term reservoir provides. How does the body supply the extra energy needed to finish the race?

a)

By breaking down liver glycogen only

b)

By breaking down muscle protein first

c)

By mobilizing triglycerides from adipose tissue

d)

By increasing angiotensin secretion

15.

Positive feedback in eating ensures that:

a)

You graze all day without stopping

b)

You continue eating until satiety signals and then stop

c)

Blood pressure decreases

d)

Water balance is maintained

16.

If someone loses a significant amount of blood due to an injury, which combination of mechanisms is triggered to restore fluid balance?

a)

Osmometric thirst and increased glycogen storage

b)

Volumetric thirst and angiotensin release

c)

Positive feedback and insulin secretion

d)

Negative feedback and water excretion

17.

During the fasting phase, what hormone does the pancreas primarily secrete?

a)

Insulin

b)

Glucagon

c)

Amino acid storage

d)

Leptin

18.

In the fasting phase, how does the liver maintain blood glucose levels?

a)

By breaking down triglycerides

b)

By converting glycogen into glucose

c)

By using fatty acids to produce insulin

d)

By storing excess glucose

19.

Which of the following occurs during the absorptive phase?

a)

Fat cells break down triglycerides into fatty acids

b)

Glucose levels rise and insulin is secreted

c)

Glycogen is converted to glucose

d)

Ghrelin secretion increases

20.

A person skips breakfast and runs before eating. Which phase of metabolism are they primarily in, and what fuel source will their body rely on first?

a)

Absorptive phase; glucose from meal

b)

Fasting phase; glycogen from liver

c)

Fasting phase; amino acids from muscle

d)

Absorptive phase; fat from adipose tissue

21.

Which environmental cue is least likely to trigger hunger?

a)

Sight of food

b)

Time of day

c)

Presence of other people

d)

High blood glucose

22.

What is the primary function of the peptide hormone ghrelin?

a)

Signals satiety to the hypothalamus

b)

Increases during fasting and signals hunger

c)

Is secreted by adipose tissue

d)

Decreases appetite during a meal

23.

Gastric bypass surgery often leads to weight loss because:

a)

It increases ghrelin secretion

b)

It reduces ghrelin secretion, lowering hunger signals

c)

It increases glucagon secretion

d)

It blocks insulin receptors

24.

Which of the following is a metabolic signal of hunger?

a)

Full stomach and high insulin

b)

Depletion of nutrient reservoirs and hypoglycemia

c)

Movement of food into duodenum

d)

Secretion of peptide YY3-36

25.

Short-term satiety signals are primarily triggered by:

a)

Movement of food into the stomach and nutrient detection

b)

Stored fat in adipose tissue

c)

Blood glucose levels only

d)

Time of day

26.

What is the role of the hormone cholecystokinin (CCK)?

a)

Increasing hunger

b)

Signaling satiety from the intestines to the brain

c)

Releasing glucagon from the pancreas

d)

Stimulating ghrelin production

27.

What does peptide YY3-36 (PYY) contribute to?

a)

Hunger during fasting

b)

Short-term feelings of satiety

c)

Long-term regulation of body weight

d)

Glycogen breakdown

28.

After a meal, which sequence of signals is most likely to induce satiety?

a)

Ghrelin → hypothalamus → hunger

b)

Intestinal nutrient detectors → CCK → brain → reduced appetite

c)

Blood glucose drops → glucagon → increased hunger

d)

Adipose tissue → leptin → fasting phase

29.

Long-term regulation of body weight involves:

a)

Ghrelin from the stomach

b)

Nutrient detectors in the liver

c)

Signals from adipose tissue such as leptin

d)

Short-term nutrient detectors in the intestines

30.

An individual has high adipose tissue but low leptin sensitivity. How might this affect hunger and body weight?

a)

They may feel less hungry and lose weight easily

b)

They may feel hungry despite sufficient energy stores, promoting weight gain

c)

They will enter absorptive phase more quickly

d)

Ghrelin levels will decrease, reducing hunger

31.

Which combination correctly pairs phase of metabolism with the hormone primarily active during that phase?

a)

Fasting phase – insulin

b)

Absorptive phase – glucagon

c)

Fasting phase – glucagon

d)

Absorptive phase – leptin

32.

A person eats a high-protein meal. Which occurs?

a)

Amino acids are used to construct proteins, and insulin is secreted

b)

Ghrelin levels increase to signal hunger

c)

Triglycerides are immediately broken down for energy

d)

The liver converts fatty acids to glucose

33.

Which factor does not contribute to long-term satiety signals?

a)

Leptin from adipose tissue

b)

Nutrient detectors in the liver

c)

Peptide YY3-36 from intestines

d)

Body fat set point

34.

Someone regularly eats in social settings and at specific times each day. Which type of hunger signal is primarily involved?

a)

Environmental cues

b)

Gastric signals

c)

Metabolic signals

d)

Liver nutrient detectors

35.

Which brain regions in the brain stem detect hunger and satiety and send information to the forebrain?

a)

Hypothalamus and arcuate nucleus

b)

Area postrema (AP) and nucleus of the solitary tract (NST)

c)

Ventromedial hypothalamus and lateral hypothalamus

d)

Amygdala and hippocampus

36.

The NST controls vomiting based on:

a)

Blood glucose levels only

b)

Taste, smell, and vestibular-visual mismatch

c)

Leptin and insulin signals

d)

Adipose tissue signals

37.

The lateral hypothalamus primarily:

a)

Initiates eating and stimulates hunger

b)

Induces satiety

c)

Inhibits orexin and MCH

d)

Regulates vomiting

38.

Which peptides from the hypothalamus stimulate hunger and decrease metabolic rate?

a)

Leptin and CART

b)

MCH and orexin

c)

A-MSH and CART

d)

Peptide YY3-36 and CCK

39.

The ventromedial hypothalamus is involved in:

a)

Initiating eating

b)

Controlling satiety

c)

Secretion of ghrelin

d)

Controlling vomiting

40.

Leptin binds to receptors in which hypothalamic region to reduce hunger signals?

a)

Lateral hypothalamus

b)

Arcuate nucleus

c)

NST

d)

Area postrema

41.

Which are anorexigenic peptides (decrease appetite)?

a)

MCH and orexin

b)

CART and A-MSH

c)

Ghrelin and CCK

d)

Leptin and MCH

42.

Environmental factors that contribute to obesity include:

a)

Genetic differences in metabolism

b)

Food availability and consumption of high-calorie foods

c)

Reduced leptin sensitivity

d)

Excessive ghrelin secretion

43.

NEAT refers to:

a)

Energy burned during structured exercise only

b)

Energy burned during physical activity outside formal exercise

c)

Calories consumed from snacks

d)

Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake

44.

Sleep deprivation may contribute to obesity by:

a)

Increasing NEAT

b)

Altering hunger hormones and increasing appetite

c)

Reducing fat storage

d)

Decreasing ghrelin levels

45.

Which neurotransmitter is implicated in compulsive overeating and relapse behaviors?

a)

Serotonin

b)

Dopamine

c)

Leptin

d)

CART

46.

Bariatric surgery reduces obesity primarily by:

a)

Increasing stomach size

b)

Reducing food intake and absorption

c)

Increasing ghrelin secretion

d)

Stimulating lateral hypothalamus

47.

Which bariatric procedure almost completely suppresses ghrelin and increases PYY?

a)

Sleeve gastrectomy

b)

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB)

c)

Gastric banding

d)

Liposuction

48.

Pharmacological interventions for obesity primarily focus on:

a)

Stimulating hunger

b)

Suppressing appetite or preventing digestion

c)

Increasing ghrelin

d)

Enhancing compulsive eating

49.

Behavioral interventions include:

a)

Bariatric surgery

b)

Pharmacological appetite suppression

c)

Exercise, CBT, health coaching, incentive programs

d)

Leptin injections only

50.

DSM-5 criterion unique to anorexia nervosa:

a)

Episodes of binge eating

b)

Persistent behavior to prevent weight gain

c)

Restricted eating that leads to low body weight

d)

Distress related to binge eating

51.

Bulimia nervosa differs from binge-eating disorder because it includes:

a)

Episodes of binge-eating

b)

Compensatory behaviors

c)

Critique of body shape

d)

Lack of distress after eating