Some plants obtain nitrogen from symbiotic fungi or bacteria. What was the original source of Nitrogen that the FUNGI obtained?

Which route requires an additional filtration step through the Casparian strip?

You’re sitting on Tech Green, and suddenly a Zombie charges. You run away fast! Please label all
parts of your answer (A-C) clearly in your response to receive full credit.
A. Your heart rate should ________, your cardiac output should ________, and your blood flow should ________ (answer ONE of the following: increase, decrease, stay the same for EACH parameter).
B. As part of this response to run away, your baroreceptors cause changes in your arterioles and veins affecting blood flow in different parts of your body. Describe what is different about the blood flow to the intestines compared to the leg, AND the mechanism for achieving that difference in each location.
C. All this running has affected the hemoglobin in your red blood cells. Describe whether the hemoglobin - oxygen dissociation curve shifts to a certain direction (left, right, no change) and explain why.

You have created a system that shows the movement of water. Both ends of the system have equal amounts of dissolved solutes. You later add more of the dissolved solute to the right side of the system and take some away from the left side. (see picture) Which side has the higher water potential, and in which direction will the water move?

Why do birds and some reptiles have gizzards?

Briefly explain how each is adapted to obtain nitrogen.
A. Carnivorous plants
B. Plant roots
C. Legumes

What adaptation allows small intestines to efficiently absorb nutrients?

Fill in the blank with the correct digestive tract component.
a. ______– site of both mechanical and chemical digestion; primarily responsible for starting the breakdown of carbohydrates
b. ______– site of mechanical and chemical digestion; primarily responsible for breaking down proteins into amino acids
c. ______– responsible for breaking down and absorbing fats, carbohydrates, and proteins

List the steps in the Pressure Flow Model for sugar translocation in phloem tissue.

Edward wakes up on a Saturday morning to complete a triathlon.
What changes would you expect throughout the day, if any?
______ arteries to muscles;
______ arteries to stomach

Clay in soils represents a trade-off in nutrient availability, because...

After the review tonight, you decide to go to a restaurant with your friends.
A. What enzyme breaks down the starch you consume? Where in the digestive tract does this occur?
B. What enzyme breaks down the nucleic acids you consume? Where in the digestive tract does this occur?
C. The enzyme used to break down nucleic acids is actuallymade in a different part of the digestive system. Where is it produced?

You are visiting your uncle’s flower farm and you are shown a new plant you haven’t seen before. He tells you
that you can pick off a young shoot off the plant and taste sugar when you eat it as the growing season
progresses. Based on your knowledge from lecture, you can deduce that this young shoot is a

(a)  

In class, Jonathan and Amy are debating on which of the three hypotheses best supports the height of tall trees. Jonathan claims that root pressure is sufficient and able to move water against gravity far enough to support taller trees through osmosis and positive pressure. In contrast, Amy believes that capillary action, the result of surface tension, adhesion, and cohesion, is able to draw water up from within the xylem and allows for the greater height in trees. Who is correct?

Imagine you are transformed into a red blood cell moving through the mammalian heart. Beginning in the superior vena cava and ending in the aorta, describe your journey through the heart. Include every chamber and valve you pass through.