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Neurological Disorders Quiz: Tumors, Seizures, and Strokes

Total questions: 56

Worksheet time: 28mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following statements about malignant tumors is TRUE?

a)

They are usually encapsulated and harmless.

b)

They infiltrate surrounding tissue and can metastasize.

c)

They never damage brain tissue.

d)

They are always easily removed without surgery.

2.

Benign tumors:

a)

Are never harmful.

b)

Are always malignant.

c)

Are usually encapsulated but can still cause problems in the brain.

d)

Infiltrate surrounding tissue like gliomas.

3.

Malignant tumors can spread to other parts of the body, whereas benign tumors generally do not. True or False?

a)

True

b)

False

4.

Which type of brain tumor arises from astrocytes?

a)

Glioblastoma

b)

Astrocytoma

c)

Oligodendroglioma

d)

Ependymoma

5.

The most serious types of brain tumors are:

a)

Meningiomas and pinealomas

b)

Gliomas and metastases

c)

Angiomas and neurinomas

d)

Schwannomas and oligodendrogliomas

6.

Which treatment targets remaining tumor cells after neurosurgery using a precise type of radiation?

a)

Chemotherapy

b)

Stereotactic radiosurgery

c)

Anticonvulsant drugs

d)

Constraint-induced movement therapy

7.

A seizure is defined as:

a)

Gradual slowing of neurons in the brain

b)

Sudden, excessive activity of neurons in the brain

c)

Complete neuron death in the brain

d)

Temporary loss of brain tissue

8.

All seizures result in convulsions. True or False?

a)

True

b)

False

9.

What phase of a grand mal seizure involves muscle tremors followed by convulsive jerking?

a)

Aura phase

b)

Tonic phase

c)

Clonic phase

d)

Absence phase

10.

Status epilepticus refers to:

a)

A seizure that occurs only at night

b)

A seizure that never ends

c)

A seizure caused by high fever

d)

A minor seizure with sensory changes

11.

Anticonvulsant drugs increase the effectiveness of inhibitory synapses to help prevent seizures. True or False?

a)

True

b)

False

12.

Hemorrhagic strokes are caused by:

a)

Blood clots obstructing arteries

b)

Excessive bleeding in the brain

c)

Decreased glutamate levels

d)

Scar tissue in neurons

13.

An embolus is:

a)

A blood clot that remains in the same blood vessel

b)

A piece of material that travels through the bloodstream until it lodges in an artery

14.

Thrombi and emboli cause ischemic strokes. Is this statement true or false?

a)

True

b)

False

15.

Which of the following is a strategy to minimize brain damage after a stroke?

a)

Clot-dissolving drugs immediately after the stroke

b)

Waiting several days before treatment

c)

Avoiding all exercise after a stroke

d)

Ignoring blood pressure control

16.

Constraint-induced movement therapy primarily aims to:

a)

Reduce brain swelling

b)

Improve the function of an impaired limb through repetitive practice

c)

Dissolve blood clots

d)

Cure seizures

17.

Preventing strokes can involve placing a stent in a narrowed carotid artery. Is this statement true or false?

a)

True

b)

False

18.

Open-head injuries differ from closed-head injuries because:

a)

They never damage the brain

b)

They involve skull fracture and penetration of brain tissue

c)

They are caused only by repetitive impacts

d)

They do not require medical attention

19.

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is caused by:

a)

A single traumatic head injury

b)

Repeated head trauma

c)

Genetic mutation only

d)

Stroke

20.

CTE can lead to reduced connectivity in the brain. Is this statement true or false?

a)

True

b)

False

21.

Which of the following is a primary treatment for traumatic brain injury (TBI)?

a)

Constraint-induced movement therapy

b)

Reducing intracranial pressure and swelling

c)

Administration of L-DOPA

d)

Deep brain stimulation

22.

What is a possible result of exposure to teratogens during pregnancy?

a)

Increased IQ

b)

Intellectual disability in the child

c)

Enhanced brain connectivity

d)

Reduced risk of seizures

23.

What is the cause of phenylketonuria (PKU)?

a)

Viral infections during pregnancy

b)

Inherited mutations affecting enzyme synthesis

c)

Excessive glutamate release

d)

Chromosome 21 trisomy

24.

Tay-Sachs disease causes brain swelling and damage due to missing enzymes. Is this statement True or False?

a)

True

b)

False

25.

Which condition can result from prenatal exposure to alcohol?

a)

Down syndrome

b)

Fetal alcohol syndrome

c)

Huntington’s disease

d)

Parkinson’s disease

26.

What is the cause of Down syndrome?

a)

A mutation on chromosome 4

b)

A deletion on chromosome 21

c)

The presence of an extra twenty-first chromosome

d)

A mutation in the parkin gene

27.

Individuals with Down syndrome may experience brain degeneration similar to Alzheimer’s disease after age 30. Is this statement True or False?

a)

True

b)

False

28.

Which intervention is sometimes used to improve learning and memory in Down syndrome?

a)

L-DOPA

b)

GABA antagonists

c)

Huntington’s protein inhibitors

d)

Deep brain stimulation

29.

Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies (TSEs), such as Mad Cow Disease, are caused by which of the following?

a)

Viruses

b)

Bacteria

c)

Misfolded proteins called prions

d)

Chromosome mutations

30.

Prions are infectious agents that cause normal proteins to misfold. Is this statement true or false?

a)

True

b)

False

31.

Parkinson's disease primarily affects which part of the nervous system?

a)

Basal ganglia and substantia nigra dopamine neurons

b)

Cerebellum only

c)

Frontal lobe neurons

d)

Corpus callosum

32.

Lewy bodies are best described as:

a)

Benign tumors in the brain

b)

Protein aggregates found in remaining dopamine neurons

c)

Types of seizures

d)

Misfolded huntingtin proteins

33.

Which of the following is a treatment strategy for Parkinson's disease?

a)

L-DOPA to increase dopamine

b)

Deprenyl to inhibit MAO-B

c)

Deep brain stimulation

d)

All of the above

34.

Direct dopamine administration is an effective long-term treatment for Parkinson's disease. Is this statement true or false?

a)

True

b)

False

35.

Huntington's disease is caused by:

a)

Loss of dopamine neurons

b)

A dominant gene producing abnormal huntingtin protein

c)

Exposure to toxins only

d)

Trisomy 21

36.

Which of the following is a symptom of Huntington's disease?

a)

Uncontrollable movements

b)

Cognitive and emotional changes

c)

Eventual death

d)

All of the above

37.

Current treatments for Huntington's disease, such as Happ1 and small interfering RNAs, are fully curative. Is this statement true or false?

a)

True

b)

False

38.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) primarily attacks which type of neurons?

a)

Basal ganglia neurons

b)

Spinal cord and cranial nerve motor neurons

c)

Hippocampal neurons

d)

Cerebellar neurons

39.

ALS affects approximately how many people per 100,000?

a)

1 in 100,000

b)

5 in 100,000

c)

10 in 100,000

d)

50 in 100,000

40.

Which of the following is a symptom of ALS?

a)

Spasticity and exaggerated stretch reflexes

b)

Progressive weakness and muscular atrophy

c)

Paralysis

d)

All of the above

41.

Which of the following is a treatment for ALS that temporarily reduces glutamate-induced excitotoxicity?

a)

Riluzole

b)

Interferon β

c)

L-DOPA

d)

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

42.

ALS can be transmitted between individuals. Is this statement true or false?

a)

True

b)

False

43.

Multiple sclerosis is:

a)

A neurodegenerative disease affecting dopamine neurons

b)

An autoimmune demyelinating disease

44.

Which group is more frequently diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS)?

a)

Men

b)

Women

c)

Children under age 10

d)

People with Down syndrome

45.

Growing up far from the equator and being born in late winter or early spring increases risk for multiple sclerosis (MS). True or False?

a)

True

b)

False

46.

Which of the following is a treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS)?

a)

Glatiramer acetate

b)

Interferon β

c)

Transplantation of autologous hemopoietic stem cells

d)

All of the above

47.

MS symptoms always increase progressively without remission. True or False?

a)

True

b)

False

48.

Alzheimer’s disease affects approximately 10% of people above age 65. True or False?

a)

True

b)

False

49.

Early-onset Alzheimer’s disease may be caused by mutations in which of the following?

a)

APP gene on chromosome 21

b)

Presenilin genes on chromosomes 1 and 14

c)

ApoE gene

d)

All of the above

50.

Which abnormal structures are characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease?

a)

Lewy bodies

b)

Amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles

c)

Misfolded huntingtin proteins

d)

Sclerotic plaques

51.

Physical exercise, education, and mental challenges may help prevent or delay Alzheimer’s disease. True or False?

a)

True

b)

False

52.

Which of the following treatments may produce slight improvement in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) symptoms?

a)

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and NMDA receptor antagonists

b)

Riluzole

c)

L-DOPA

d)

Interferon β

53.

Korsakoff’s syndrome is characterized primarily by which symptom?

a)

Progressive muscle weakness

b)

Anterograde amnesia

c)

Tremors and postural instability

d)

Seizures

54.

Korsakoff’s syndrome is commonly caused by alcoholism and thiamine deficiency. True or False?

a)

True

b)

False

55.

Which brain structure is most affected in Korsakoff’s syndrome?

a)

Hippocampus

b)

Mammillary bodies

c)

Substantia nigra

d)

Corpus callosum

56.

Meningitis is defined as which of the following?

a)

Inflammation of the meninges

b)

Infection of the entire brain

c)

Autoimmune demyelination

d)

Degeneration of motor neurons

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