WorksheetsRocks & Soil Formation
Total questions: 28
Worksheet time: 14mins
When water, wind, or ice moves sediment from one place to another, it's called _______________.
deposition
erosion
condensation
evaporation
The process in which sediment is laid down in new locations is called _______________.
compaction
deposition
weathering
erosion
Rocks formed from compaction and cementation are called _______________ rocks.
igneous
sedimentary
volcanic
metamorphic
The process that breaks down rocks into smaller pieces is called _______________.
weathering
evaporation
condensation
photosynthesis
Rocks formed when magma cools and hardens are called _______________ rocks.
igneous
sedimentary
metamorphic
limestone
Rocks that change due to heat and pressure are called _______________ rocks.
sedimentary
igneous
metamorphic
volcanic
The ability of water to move through soil is called _______________.
condensation
infiltration
precipitation
evaporation
The feel or proportion of different soil particles is called soil _______________.
texture
structure
fertility
moisture
The ability of soil to hold and provide nutrients to plants is called _______________.
salinity
texture
fertility
porosity
The solid layer of rock beneath all the soil is called _______________.
bedrock
topsoil
humus
clay
1. ________________ Contains the most humus and nutrients.
Subsoil
Topsoil
Clay
Bedrock
Which process in the rock cycle is responsible for changing sediment into sedimentary rock?
Weathering & erosion
Compaction & cementation
Melting
Cooling
Which of the following correctly lists the names of the soil horizons from top to bottom?
O, A, B, C, R
A, B, C, O, R
C, B, A, O, R
R, C, B, A, O
Contains clay and leached minerals.
Bedrock
Subsoil
Humus
Topsoil
3. ________________ Partly weathered rock.
Parent rock
Igneous rock
Sedimentary rock
Metamorphic rock
4. ________________ Solid rock beneath all soil.
Gravel
Clay
Bedrock
Sand
The rock cycle is a ________________ process that builds, destroys and changes the rock in the Earth’s crust
Monthly
Weekly
Fast
Slow
Which best describes soil?
B. A mixture of small rock, air, water, and organic matter
D. A mineral crystal
C. A type of rock
A. A solid mineral
Soil that drains slowly most likely has a high amount of:
Gravel
Clay
Sand
Silt
Which climate produces thick, fertile soil?
Grasslands
Desert
Tropical rainforest
Arctic
Part 5: Matching Match the term to its description. A. Parent Rock
Reduces water runoff and erosion
Material from which soil forms
Helps replenish nutrients in soil
Decayed organic matter
Movement of minerals downward through soil
Part 5: Matching Match the term to its description. B. Humus
Reduces water runoff and erosion
Material from which soil forms
Helps replenish nutrients in soil
Decayed organic matter
Movement of minerals downward through soil
Part 5: Matching Match the term to its description. C. Leaching
Reduces water runoff and erosion
Material from which soil forms
Movement of minerals downward through soil
Helps replenish nutrients in soil
Decayed organic matter
Part 5: Matching Match the term to its description. D. Contour Plowing
Material from which soil forms
Decayed organic matter
Movement of minerals downward through soil
Reduces water runoff and erosion
Helps replenish nutrients in soil
Part 5: Matching Match the term to its description. E. Crop Rotation
Material from which soil forms
Decayed organic matter
Movement of minerals downward through soil
Reduces water runoff and erosion
Helps replenish nutrients in soil
1. Weathering and erosion work together to form soil by:
combining water and air to make soil
breaking down rocks and transporting the particles to create soil
growing plants that turn into soil
melting rocks to form new soil
Humus is important for plant growth because:
it increases the acidity of the soil to harmful levels.
it prevents water from reaching plant roots.
it improves soil fertility and provides nutrients to plants.
it blocks sunlight from reaching the soil.
Farmers can protect soil from erosion and nutrient loss by:
leaving soil bare after harvest
planting cover crops and using contour plowing
removing all vegetation from fields
increasing the use of chemical fertilizers only
