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MCQs on Fungal Characteristics

Total questions: 45

Worksheet time: 23mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The dikaryotic phase (n+n) is characteristic of

a)

Phycomycetes

b)

Zygomycetes

c)

Ascomycetes & Basidiomycetes

d)

Both C & D

2.

A defining feature that separates fungi from slime molds is

a)

Nutrition

b)

Habitat

c)

Cell wall composition (chitin)

d)

Mycelium

3.

The fungal hypha that invades host tissues without killing cells immediately is

a)

Haustorial

b)

Appressorium

c)

Biotrophic

d)

Necrotrophic

4.

Dolipore septum is a characteristic feature of

a)

Ascomycetes

b)

Basidiomycetes

c)

Deuteromycetes

d)

Chytridiomycetes

5.

Coenocytic hyphae typically indicate

a)

Advanced evolution

b)

Yeast-like growth

c)

Lack of septa (primitive condition)

d)

Secondary homothallism

6.

The term “holocarpic” fungi refers to

a)

Partial conversion to reproductive structures

b)

Entire thallus converts into reproductive structures

c)

Only hyphal tips produce spores

d)

Only sexual reproduction occurs

7.

Rhizoids, stolons and sporangiophores occur in

a)

Ascomycetes

b)

Basidiomycetes

c)

Zygomycetes

d)

Chytrids

8.

Which type of nutrition dominates in fungi due to lack of plastids?

a)

Mixotrophic

b)

Absorptive heterotrophic

c)

Osmotic autotrophic

d)

Parasitic only

9.

Plasmogamy followed by delayed karyogamy is typical of

a)

All fungi

b)

Higher fungi (Dikarya)

c)

Algae

d)

Protozoa

10.

Clamp connections ensure

a)

Asexual reproduction

b)

Maintenance of dikaryotic phase

c)

Spore dispersal

d)

Hyphal budding

11.

A fungus with two mating types that must outcross is

a)

Homothallic

b)

Heterothallic

c)

Parthenogenic

d)

Apomictic

12.

Asexual reproduction by arthrospores involves

a)

Budding

b)

Fragmentation of hyphae

c)

Fusion of gametes

d)

Endogenous spore formation

13.

The term “dimorphic fungi” refers to

a)

Yeast and mold forms depending on environment

b)

Temperature-dependent morphological switch

c)

Ability to form two types of spores

d)

Both A & B

14.

Mitochondria in fungi typically contain

a)

Plate-like cristae

b)

Tubular cristae

c)

Absent

d)

Folded lamella

15.

Osmotrophic nutrition means

a)

Swallowing food

b)

Absorption after external digestion

c)

Intracellular digestion

d)

Endocytosis-based feeding

16.

Most fungi thrive best at

a)

pH 7

b)

Slightly acidic pH (5–6)

c)

Alkaline pH

d)

Neutral to alkaline

17.

The primary determinant of fungal pathogenicity is

a)

Cell wall thickness

b)

Hydrolytic enzymes & toxins

c)

Reproductive rate

d)

Biodiversity

18.

The term “parasexual cycle” occurs in

a)

Basidiomycetes

b)

Ascomycetes

c)

Deuteromycetes

d)

Chytridiomycetes

19.

In fungi, a karyogamy event produces

a)

Haploid nucleus

b)

Diploid nucleus

c)

Polykaryotic nucleus

d)

Aneuploid nucleus

20.

Fungal spores resistant to desiccation are

a)

Zoospores

b)

Chlamydospores

c)

Ascospores

d)

Basidiospores

21.

A polyphasic life cycle means

a)

Many spores

b)

Multiple nuclear phases (haploid–dikaryotic–diploid)

c)

Many basidia

d)

Several ascocarps

22.

The only group of fungi with motile spores is

a)

Zygomycetes

b)

Chytrids

c)

Ascomycetes

d)

Basidiomycetes

23.

Ergosterol is an important component of

a)

Bacterial membranes

b)

Algal cell walls

c)

Fungal cell membranes

d)

Protozoan DNA

24.

The unique feature of fungal mitochondria is

a)

Absence of DNA

b)

No respiratory chain

c)

Cristae are tubular

d)

Contains chlorophyll

25.

The strongest evidence for fungal evolution is

a)

Spore shape

b)

Hyphal structure

c)

Ribosomal RNA sequencing

d)

Pigment patterns

26.

Most fungi are

a)

Obligate anaerobes

b)

Microaerophilic

c)

Obligate aerobes

d)

Photoautotrophs

27.

Appressoria help fungi in

a)

Reproduction

b)

Host penetration using pressure

c)

Nutrient storage

d)

Spore shedding

28.

A fungal stolon is

a)

Root-like structure

b)

Horizontal hypha connecting sporangiophores

c)

Sexual hypha

d)

Parasitic projection

29.

Homothallic fungi can

a)

Grow on only one substrate

b)

Self-fertilize

c)

Produce motile spores

d)

Never reproduce sexually

30.

Fungi show

a)

Diplontic cycle

b)

Haplontic or haplo-dikaryotic life cycle

c)

Sporophytic dominance

d)

Double fertilization

31.

The presence of perforated septa allows

a)

Lack of cytoplasmic movement

b)

Flow of nutrients & organelles

c)

Arrested growth

d)

DNA fragmentation

32.

In fungi, the dominant life stage is

a)

Diploid

b)

Haploid or dikaryotic

c)

Triploid

d)

Polyploid

33.

Heterokaryosis is important because it

a)

Induces lysis

b)

Increases genetic variability without sex

c)

Stops recombination

d)

Produces toxins

34.

Asexual spores formed by budding are

a)

Chlamydospores

b)

Blastoconidia

c)

Arthrospores

d)

Zoospores

35.

“Perfect stage” of fungi refers to

a)

Sterile phase

b)

Sexual reproductive phase

c)

Asexual reproductive phase

d)

Hyphal fragmentation

36.

Water molds differ from true fungi in having

a)

Hyphae

b)

Cellulose walls & diploid thallus

c)

Spores

d)

Mycelium

37.

Fungi with septal pores blocked by Woronin bodies belong to

a)

Basidiomycetes

b)

Ascomycetes

c)

Chytridiomycetes

d)

Zygomycetes

38.

Mycotoxins are

a)

Soil nutrients

b)

Secondary metabolites with toxic effects

c)

Reproductive structures

d)

Nitrogen fixers

39.

“Hyphal anastomosis” results in

a)

Loss of viability

b)

Exchange of cytoplasm and nuclei

c)

No genetic effect

d)

Formation of spores

40.

Which is a characteristic of higher fungi?

a)

Motile gametes

b)

Non-motile gametes & spores

c)

Zoospores

d)

Flagellated sperm

41.

Fungal pigments such as melanin protect against

a)

Chlorosis

b)

UV radiation & environmental stress

c)

Water loss only

d)

Temperature only

42.

Fungal sexual reproduction ensures

a)

No recombination

b)

Pure line formation

c)

Genetic recombination and variation

d)

Asexual dominance

43.

Sclerotia represent

a)

Sexual spores

b)

Parasitic structures

c)

Hardened survival structures

d)

Appressoria

44.

The most primitive fungi according to molecular data are

a)

Zygomycetes

b)

Chytridiomycetes

c)

Ascomycetes

d)

Basidiomycetes

45.

The fungal kingdom is closest to

a)

Plants

b)

Animals

c)

Bacteria

d)

Protists

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