材料- What something is made from (e.g. wood, plastic, metal).

(a)  

物质- A type of material that is pure (e.g. water, oxygen, sugar).

(a)  

物质 / 事物- Anything that has mass and takes up space (solid, liquid or gas).

(a)  

性质- A characteristic/feature of a material (e.g. colour, hardness, melting point).

(a)  

融化- When a solid becomes a liquid (e.g. ice → water).

(a)  

结冰 / 冻结- When a liquid (like water) becomes a solid (like ice) because the temperature gets colder.

(a)  

凝固- When a liquid becomes a solid (e.g. soft chocolate to hard chocolate).

(a)  

反应- When substances mix or combine to make something new.

(a)  

生锈- A reddish-brown substance that forms when iron reacts with oxygen and water.

(a)