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ELS Reviewer (Universe till Origin of Life)

Total questions: 166

Worksheet time: 3hrs 3mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

All stars (and most of the visible universe) are made up of which two elements?

a)

Helium and Lithium

b)

Hydrogen and Helium

c)

Hydrogen and Ferrium

d)

Carbon and Oxygen

2.

This is a picture of:

a)

The Cosmic Background Radiation

b)

The Milky Way.

c)

The universe in the future.

d)

A redshifted star.

3.

Together a star and all the planets and other object orbiting it form a(n)

a)

asteroid

b)

galaxy

c)

solar system

d)

star

4.

A huge ball of very hot, glowing gases in space that can produce its own hear and light is called a(n)

a)

solar system

b)

asteroid

c)

galaxy

d)

star

5.

A group of solar systems that are held together by gravity and classified by shape is called a(n)

a)

solar eclipse

b)

star

c)

galaxy

d)

asteroid

6.
Which is the largest object in our solar system?
a)
Sun
b)
Jupiter
c)
Earth
d)
Pluto
7.

Which evidence supports the big bang theory?

a)

Planetesimals form in debris disks.

b)

Most galaxies are moving toward us.

c)

Uniform background radiation is detected in every direction

d)

Galaxies spin faster than they should based on visible matter.

8.
The moon is a natural  ______ of Earth.
a)
comet
b)
axis
c)
satellite
d)
space probe
9.
a pattern of stars that form an imaginary picture or design in the sky
a)
Orbit
b)
Rotate
c)
constellation
d)
Milky Way
10.

Which property makes Earth unique compared to other planets in the solar system?

a)

It orbits the Sun.

b)

It is a rocky planet

c)

It has liquid water

d)

It rotates on its axis.

11.

Which contributes to Earth’s ability to sustain life?

a)

The atmosphere allows all of the sun’s radiation to enter due to Earth’s distance from the sun.

b)

The atmosphere prevents all space debris from reaching the surface due to the ozone layer.

c)

The atmosphere is extremely thin due to the temperatures of the sun.

d)

The atmosphere is breathable due to the unique mixture of gases.

12.

How do galaxies differ?

a)

shape

b)

composition

c)

size

d)

all of the above

13.

How are spiral galaxies and barred spiral galaxies alike?

a)

both have arms that rotate around the center

b)

both have older stars in the center

c)

both have young stars at the center

14.

How are spiral galaxies and barred spiral galaxies different?

a)

They are different shapes

b)

Barred spiral galaxies have a bar-like center

c)

Spiral galaxies have older stars in the center, barred spiral galaxies have young stars at the center

15.

What color star is the hottest?

a)

Red

b)

White

c)

Blue

16.

Which galaxy can shaped like a flattened globe?

a)

Spiral

b)

Irregular

c)

Elliptical

d)

Barred Spiral

17.

How are stars classified?

a)

Size

b)

Shape

c)

Color

d)

Temperature

e)

All of these

18.

Which stars are the brightest?

a)

Blue stars

b)

Red stars

c)

The largest stars

d)

White stars

19.

Which theory does the statement "The Universe has no beginning or end" apply to?

a)

Cosmic Inflation Theory

b)

Big bang Theory

c)

Steady State Theory

d)

Cyclic Model

20.

First Scientist to present observational evidence (the red shift) that supported that the universe is expanding.

a)

Edwin Hubble

b)

Georges Lemaitre

c)

Immanuel Kant

21.

The red-shift in the spectral lines of light, reaching us from other

galaxies implies that these galaxies are _________________________.

a)

in rapid rotation

b)

moving closer to one another

c)

moving farther apart from one another

22.

What are the original two elements in our universe?

a)

Hydrogen & Helium

b)

Helium & Lithium

c)

Hydrogen & Lithium

23.

What is the estimated age of the universe according to current scientific understanding?

a)

10 billion years 

b)

4.6 billion years 

c)

13.7 billion years 

d)

20 billion years

24.

Which is NOT one of the fundamental forces that separated during the early stages of the Big Bang? 

a)

Strong force 

b)


Centrifugal force 

c)

Electromagnetic force 

d)

Gravitational force 

25.

A theory that states that the universe started in a small mass and then expanded, the expansion cooled down the temperature and that resulted in the formation of matter, energy, space and time.

a)

Big crunch theory

b)

Big bang Theory

c)

Cyclic Model

d)

Oscillating Theory

26.

Which piece/s of evidence supports the Big Bang theory? Choose all that apply.

a)

Galaxies are moving away from us

b)

Galaxies are moving toward us

c)

The discovery of Cosmic Background Radiation- energy/radiation produced from an event like the Big Bang

d)

The two elements hydrogen and helium are in the same proportions throughout the universe.

27.

Our solar system is located on the outer arm of which spiral galaxy?

a)

Andromeda

b)

Orion’s Arm

c)

The Milky Way

d)

The Large Magellanic Cloud

28.
The group of inner planets are known as:
a)
The Terrestrial Planets
b)
The Gas Giants
c)
The Outer Planets
d)
The Hallow Planets
29.
________ holds all of the planets in orbit around the sun.
a)
Gravity
b)
String
c)
Bill Nye
d)
Duct tape
30.

the path one object takes as it revolves around another object in space

a)

orbit

b)

eclipse

c)

satellite

d)

waning

31.

Mars is seen from Earth as a Red planet, this is due to having sulfur dioxide as dust and carried to the atmosphere by storms.

a)

True

b)

False

32.

Which of the following best describes the universe?

a)

expanding

b)

rotating

c)

contracting

d)

revolving

33.

Which theory suggests that the universe is continuously expanding while new matter is being formed?

a)

Big Bang Theory

b)

Big Chill Theory

c)

Big Crunch Theory

d)

Steady State Theory

34.

Which of the following theories believes that the solar system originated from a rotating cloud of dust and gas called nebula?

a)

Big Bang Theory

b)

Protoplanet Theory

c)

Solar Nebula Theory

d)

Capture Theory

35.

What do you call a phenomenon where electromagnetic radiation from an object undergoes an increase in wavelength?

a)

Blueshift

b)

Doppler Effect

c)

Interference

d)

Redshift

36.
A star is born when it begins...
a)
nuclear fusion
b)
nuclear abrasion
c)
chemical reaction
d)
nuclear fission
37.

What is the central idea of the big bang theory?

a)

All matter in the universe started

at a single point of origin.

b)

As the universe continues to

expand, it will eventually

collapse.

c)

When two or more galaxies

collide, a big bang occurs.

d)

The current universe is at its

original location of the cosmic

explosion.

38.

What is the moon?

a)

A natural satellite that revolves around a planet and reflects the Sun's light

b)

A man-made satellite that revolves around Earth

c)

A natural satellite that revolves around the sun

d)

A small star that is close to Earth

39.

Mars is seen from Earth as a Red planet, this is due to having sulfur dioxide as dust and carried to the atmosphere by storms.

a)

True

b)

False

40.

Because we rarely witness dramatic changes in the Earth, we can conclude that the Earth is not changing very much.

a)

True

b)

False

41.

The motions of the three types of plate boundaries would be described as divergent, convergent and static.

a)

True

b)

False

42.

Sudden shaking or vibration of the Earth's crust is commonly called landslide.

a)

True

b)

False

43.

Endogenic force is the force within the Earth that causes the ground to move.

a)

True

b)

False

44.

What plate boundary is illustrated?

a)

convergent

b)

divergent

c)

static

d)

transform

45.

Volcanism is associated with which of the following types of plate boundaries?

a)

convergent plate boundaries

b)

divergent and convergent plate boundaries

c)

divergent plate boundaries

d)

transform fault plate boundaries

46.

How will you differentiate folding from faulting?

a)

Folding is the degradation of the Earth's surface while faulting is when two forces push towards each other from the opposite sides.

b)

Folding is when there is a fracture and displacement of a more brittle rock strata while faulting is when two forces push towards each other.

c)

Folding is when two forces push towards each other from the opposite sides while faulting is when there is a fracture and displacement of a more brittle rock strata.

d)

Folding is when two forces push towards each other from the opposite sides while faulting is the degradation of the Earth's surface.

47.

It is the break in rock along a vertical or horizontal rock movement.

a)

Epicenter

b)

Fault

c)

Fault line

d)

Focus

48.

A weak spot in the crust where molten material comes to the surface.

a)

Volcano

b)

Mountain

c)

Valley

d)

Stream

49.

A molten mixture of rock-forming substances, gases, and water from the mantle.

a)

Magma

b)

Lava

c)

Groundwater

d)

Hydrothermal Fluid

50.

Which of the following is an example of mechanical weathering?

a)

Carbonation

b)

Hydration

c)

Frost Wedging

d)

Oxidation

51.

What is the classification of mass wasting in which there is a slow gradual movement of soil over time?

a)

Soil Creep

b)

Debris Flow

c)

Earth Flow

d)

Landslide

52.

The following are the agents of erosion EXCEPT:

a)

Water

b)

Wind

c)

Glacier

d)

Soil

53.

How does freezing water cause the weathering of rocks?

a)

Makes the rocks last longer

b)

Expands cracks and breaks rocks

c)

Causes rocks to fall in landslides

d)

Keeps the rocks in place

54.

Erosion is transporting sediments from one place to another as well as weathering.

a)

True

b)

False

55.

Frost wedging is a chemical weathering that occurs when cracks filled with water changes into ice making the rock to pry apart.

a)

True

b)

False

56.

Oxidation occurs when there is a reaction between mineral and oxygen dissolved in water.

a)

True

b)

False

57.

Wind blown sand hitting a rock and slowly wearing it away is an example of ________.

a)

Mechanical Weathering

b)

Chemical Weathering

c)

Mechanical Erosion

d)

Chemical Erosion

58.

Which of the following is an example of

chemical weathering?

a)

The dissolving of limestone by acid rain.

b)

Pulverized rock resulting from a landslide.

c)

A rock broken into chunks after being carried by rapidly flowing water.

d)

Splits in a rock due to tree roots.

59.

In the atmosphere, carbonic acid forms from the reaction of carbon dioxide and ______.

a)

Water

b)

Nitrogen

c)

Helium

d)

Ozone

60.

Which of the following is not a type of Mass Wasting?

a)

Slides

b)

Falls

c)

Solutions

d)

Flows

61.

What is the best idea that is common with the 4 different images?

a)

all of it involves biological weathering

b)

all of it involves digging

c)

all of the pictures show breaking of rocks

d)

all of the pictures involves erosion

62.

Factors influencing the weathering process include

a)

the climate of an area only.

b)

rock composition and structure only.

c)

organic processes only.

d)

rock composition and structure, climate, organic processes, and subsurface water.

63.

Peridotite is the most abundant material that makes up the Earth's core.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

64.

Which condition will initiate the combination of silicon and oxygen to form silica tetrahedra that link together to make chains or to polymerize?

a)

Magma rapidly moving upward towards the Earth's surface while its temperature remains constant.

b)

Magma rapidly moving upward towards the Earth's surface thus increasing its temperature.

c)

Magma slowly moving upward towards the Earth's surface thus increasing its temperature.

d)

Magma slowly moving upward towards the Earth's surface thus decreasing its temperature.

65.

Which one of the following is NOT true for minerals?

a)

They have a specific, internal, crystalline structure.

b)

They can be a liquid, solid, or glass.

c)

Many have a specific, predictable chemical composition.

d)

They can be identified by characteristic physical properties.

66.

It is the ability of a mineral to resist scratches.

a)

Luster

b)

Cleavage

c)

Crystal habit

d)

Hardness

67.

The strong tendency of certain minerals to break along smooth, parallel planes is known as ________.

a)

Luster

b)

Cleavage

c)

fracture

d)

crystal habit

68.

The color of mineral in powdered form.

a)

streak

b)

tenacity

c)

fracture

d)

cleavage

69.

Which of the following rocks are formed from preexisting rocks exposed to extreme heat and pressure in the Earth’s interior?

a)

Igneous

b)

Metamorphic

c)

Sedimentary

d)

Plutonic

70.

Which of the following rocks are formed by the lithification of sediments?

a)

sedimentary

b)

metamorphic

c)

intrusive

d)

extrusive

71.

Smallest size of sediments.

a)

silt

b)

boulder

c)

clay

d)

sand

72.

Creates non-foliated metamorphic rocks

a)

intrusive

b)

contact

c)

extrusive

d)

regional

73.

Example of metamorphic rocks

a)

gneiss

b)

gypsum

c)

pumice

d)

granite

74.

Formed from magma that cools slowly and rocks are coarse grained.

a)

Organic

b)

Clastic

c)

Extrusive

d)

Intrusive

75.

A molten rock material beneath the surface of the earth.

a)

lava

b)

crystals

c)

magma

d)

sediments

76.

Natural substances consisting of aggregate minerals clumped together with other Earth materials.

a)

Rocks

b)

Magma

c)

Sediments

d)

Shells

77.

Measure the density of a mineral.

a)

tenacity

b)

specific gravity

c)

crystal habit

d)

streak

78.

Which of the following rocks are formed by the solidification of lava?

a)

Extrusive igneous rock

b)

intrusive igneous rock

c)

extrusive metamorphic rock

d)

intrusive metamorphic rock

79.

Which of the following rocks are formed by the lithification of sediments?

a)

Sedimentary

b)

Igneous

c)

Metamorphic

d)

Minerals

80.

What is the process of igneous rock formation?

a)

Igneous rocks are formed from the erosion of sediment.

b)

Igneous rocks form through the melting of existing rocks under pressure.

c)

Igneous rocks are created by the compression of organic materials.

d)

Igneous rocks are formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.

81.

Name two types of igneous rocks.

a)

Intrusive and extrusive rocks

b)

Limestone and sandstone

c)

Sedimentary and metamorphic rocks

d)

Granite and basalt

82.

What are the main characteristics of sedimentary rocks?

a)

Sedimentary rocks are the hardest type of rock.

b)

Sedimentary rocks are characterized by their layered structure, formation from sediments, presence of fossils, and softer texture.

c)

Igneous rocks are formed from volcanic activity.

d)

Metamorphic rocks are always layered and contain fossils.

83.

How do sedimentary rocks form?

a)

Sedimentary rocks form from volcanic activity.

b)

Sedimentary rocks are created through the process of metamorphism.

c)

Sedimentary rocks form from the accumulation and compaction of sediments.

d)

Sedimentary rocks are formed by the cooling of magma.

84.

Describe the processes involved in metamorphic rock formation.

a)

Metamorphic rocks are formed from existing rocks through heat, pressure, and chemical processes.

b)

Metamorphic rocks are formed from volcanic activity.

c)

Metamorphic rocks are created by the cooling of magma.

d)

Metamorphic rocks are formed through erosion and sedimentation.

85.

What is the difference between contact and regional metamorphism?

a)

Regional metamorphism is caused solely by volcanic activity.

b)

Contact metamorphism affects entire continents.

c)

Contact metamorphism occurs only underwater.

d)

Contact metamorphism is localized and caused by heat from magma, while regional metamorphism is widespread and caused by pressure and temperature changes over large areas.

86.

List the stages of the rock cycle.

a)

Volcanic activity

b)

Plate tectonics

c)

Igneous rock, sedimentary rock, metamorphic rock, weathering, erosion, melting, and crystallization.

d)

Fossilization

87.

How does erosion contribute to the rock cycle?

a)

Erosion causes rocks to become larger and more solid.

b)

Erosion has no impact on the rock cycle.

c)

Erosion transforms sedimentary rocks into igneous rocks.

d)

Erosion breaks down rocks into sediment, contributing to the formation of sedimentary rocks in the rock cycle.

88.

What is the Mohs scale of mineral hardness?

a)

The Mohs scale categorizes minerals by their color.

b)

The Mohs scale measures the weight of minerals.

c)

The Mohs scale is a temperature scale for minerals.

d)

The Mohs scale of mineral hardness ranks minerals from 1 (talc) to 10 (diamond) based on their scratch resistance.

89.

Which mineral is the hardest on the Mohs scale?

a)

Diamond

b)

Ruby

c)

Sapphire

d)

Topaz

90.

What properties are used to identify minerals?

a)

Weight, shape, temperature, texture

b)

Color, streak, luster, hardness, cleavage, fracture, density, crystal form.

c)

Location, age, size, composition

d)

Magnetism, sound, smell, taste

91.

How do minerals differ from rocks?

a)

Minerals are found only in igneous rocks; rocks can be sedimentary or metamorphic.

b)

Rocks are always larger than minerals; minerals are always smaller than rocks.

c)

Rocks are pure substances; minerals are mixtures of rocks.

d)

Minerals are pure substances; rocks are mixtures of minerals.

92.

What are the three main types of rocks?

a)

Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic

b)

Granite, Limestone, Clay

c)

Coal, Sandstone, Slate

d)

Basalt, Shale, Quartzite

93.

Explain how sedimentary rocks can become metamorphic rocks.

a)

Sedimentary rocks are formed from volcanic activity.

b)

Sedimentary rocks remain unchanged under any conditions.

c)

Sedimentary rocks can turn into igneous rocks through cooling.

d)

Sedimentary rocks become metamorphic rocks through metamorphism involving heat and pressure.

94.

What role do tectonic plates play in the rock cycle?

a)

Tectonic plates primarily influence weather patterns.

b)

Tectonic plates drive the processes that create, break down, and transform rocks in the rock cycle.

c)

Tectonic plates only affect ocean currents.

d)

Tectonic plates are unrelated to rock formation.

95.

Which process creates volcanic island arcs?

a)

seafloor spreading

b)

fold-mounting building

c)

subduction

d)

faulting

96.
Convergent Plate Movement can create
a)
Rifts
b)
Mountains
c)
Ocean Ridges
d)
Radiation
97.

Observe this diagram of a plate boundary. One statement BEST describes what is happening. It is that

a)

the oceanic crust is melting.

b)

the denser ceanic crust is subducting under the less dense oceanic crust

c)

volcanic islands are forming.

d)

the tectonic plates are moving away from each other.

98.
Geologists have long recognized that earthquakes are not randomly distributed on Earth but occur in concentrated areas that coincide with __________ and provide evidence for the theory of ___________ .
a)
mountain ranges; fault zones.
b)
continental borders; supercontinents.
c)
plate boundaries; plate tectonics
d)
areas of liquid magma; sea floor spreading.
99.

What was Wegener’s continental drift idea?

a)

The continents have moved slowly apart to their current locations.

b)

The continents have always been located at their current locations.

c)

The continents are moving slowly together from their current locations.

d)

None of these

100.

What are the three types of Evidence that supports Alfred Wegener's Theory?

a)

Fossils, Fish, and Land

b)

Sedimentary, Magma, and Climate

c)

Fossils, Land forms, and Climate

d)

Climate, Land forms, and Metamorphic rock

101.

What evidence did Wegener use to support his theory?

a)

Continents and fossils fitting together/matching-up like puzzle pieces

b)

glacier scars and other climate evidence from temperature

c)

mountain ranges and rocks line up across continents

d)

all of the above

102.

The "Ring of Fire" is where there are many earthquakes and volcanoes.

a)

True

b)

False

103.

When plates sink together we get _________.

a)

trenches

b)

ranges

c)

mountains

d)

volcanoes

104.

Seafloor spreading occurs because ____.

a)

new material is being added to the asthenosphere

b)

earthquakes break apart the ocean floor

c)

sediments accumulate at the area of spreading

d)

molten material beneath Earth's crust rises to the surface

105.

Which type of stress is caused by two plates pushing into one another?

a)

compression

b)

tension

c)

force

d)

shear

106.

Which type of stress is caused by two tectonic plates sliding past one another?

a)

compression

b)

tension

c)

force

d)

shear

107.

In this photograph, which rock formation is represented by the blue lines?

a)

syncline

b)

joint

c)

anticline

d)

fault

108.

What is a strike-slip fault?

a)

a fracture caused by tension stress

b)

folding caused by tension stress

c)

a fracture caused by shear stress

d)

a fold caused by shear stress

109.
Miller/Urey and other scientists have shown that:
a)
 Life on early Earth required material from space
b)
Cells survived in the primitive atmosphere
c)
Amino acids could be produced from inorganic molecules 
d)
Simple cells can be produced in a laboratory
110.
Which type of cell came first?
a)
Eukaryotic
b)
Prokaryotic
c)
Plant
d)
Both Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells evolved around the same time
111.
The idea that Earth's early oceans had organic molecules that became the first life is called the...
a)
Primordial soup hypothesis
b)
Bubble hypothesis
c)
Miller-Urey Experiment
d)
Radioactive dating theory
112.
The Miller-Urey experiment of 1953 was designed to test the hypothesis that lightning supplied the energy needed to turn atmospheric gases into organic molecules such as amino acids. Which of the following describes why the Miller-Urey theory is widely accepted today? 
a)
Amino acids spontaneously form from molecules in the atmosphere today
b)
 Organic molecules are present today in extremely high concentrations
c)
The process of synthesizing organic molecules from a mixture of gases has been successfully modeled in the laboratory
d)
No other alternative hypotheses have been introduced
113.

What is another name for natural selection?

a)

survival of the smartest

b)

survival of the fastest

c)

survival of the biggest

d)

survival of the fittest

114.

Which of the following is the natural law that states that living organisms come only from other living organisms and are not created from nonliving materials?

a)

evolution

b)

oxidation

c)

biogenesis

d)

abiogenesis

115.

What theory is depicted in this image?

a)

Spontaneous Generation

b)

Biogenesis

c)

Special Creation

d)

Panspermia

116.

The concept of primordial soup suggests that ancient water bodies contained organic matter. With the help of sunlight, these organic molecules formed into more complex compounds. Which theory is being supported?

a)

Spontaneous Generation

b)

Biogenesis

c)

Abiogenesis

d)

Panspermia

117.
Based upon the conditions of the early Earth, which forms of live most likely appeared first?
a)
Prokaryotic and aerobic
b)
Prokaryotic and anaerobic 
c)
Eukaryotic and aerobic
d)
Eukaryotic and anaerobic
118.

One of the accepted scientific theories describing the origin of life on Earth is known as chemical evolution. According to this theory, which of the following events would need to occur first for life to evolve?

a)

onset of photosynthesis

b)

origin of genetic material

c)

Synthesis of organic molecules

d)

formation of the plasma membrane

119.

Adaptation is

a)

a change in a species over time; process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms

b)

The process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called survival of the fittest

c)

A theory that life comes from non-living objects

d)

Inherited characteristic that increase an organisms chance of survival

120.

Evolution is

a)

A theory that life comes from non-living objects

b)

a change in a species over time; process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms

c)

A theory that life come from life

d)

The species from whom a current one has descended

121.

What type of organisms created oxygen for early life on Earth?

a)

Heterotrophic Bacteria

b)

Photosynthetic Bacteria

c)

Animals

d)

Plants

122.
Genetic variation can arise from a random change in the DNA of a gene.  The change is called a(n)
a)
mutation
b)
gene flow
c)
gene pool
d)
allele
123.

What is considered the fundamental unit of life?

a)

Viruses

b)

Proteins

c)

Cells

d)

Nucleic acids

124.

What is a major challenge in explaining the spontaneous origin of cells?

a)

Formation of water

b)

Formation of inorganic molecules

c)

Formation of organic molecules and self-replicating systems

d)

Formation of oxygen

125.
A cell is...
a)
the basic unit of structure and function in living organism
b)
an organism
c)
a basic part of everything that we see
d)
found only in animals, not plants
126.
Which of the following are NOT found in animal cells
a)
chloroplasts and cytoplasm
b)
chloroplasts and cell wall
c)
cell wall and cell membrane
d)
mitochondria and nucleus
127.

Which of the following converts food into energy for the cell?

a)

vacuole

b)

mitochondria

c)

cytoplasm

d)

cell membrane

128.

The fluid that surrounds the organelles is... (hint... "Try to pull a fast one and..."

a)

chloroplast

b)

cytoplasm

c)

vacuole

d)

cell wall

129.

Which organelle takes in "sun showers" and helps plants with the process or photosynthesis?

a)

Vacuole

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Chloroplast

130.
What is the function of the cell nucleus found in both plant and animal cells?
a)
to produce energy
b)
to control cell activity
c)
to remove waste products
d)
to allow molecules to enter the cell
131.
Chloroplasts in plant cells allow the plant to perform a function that animal cells cannot do.  What is the main function of the chloroplasts found in plant cells?
a)
to absorb light energy and manufacture food
b)
to remove waste materials by active transport
c)
to manufacture chemical energy from food
d)
to control the shape of the cell
132.
Which piece of equipment is the best to use to observe the structure of a cell?
a)
magnifying glass
b)
binoculars
c)
telescope
d)
microscope
133.

What are organelles?

a)

Parts that come together to make an organ system.

b)

A group of similar cells that perform similar functions.

c)

A group of organs that perform similar functions

d)

Tiny structures within a cell that allow the cell to live, grow, and reproduce.

134.

transportER of proteins

a)

endoplasmic reticulum

b)

mitochondria

c)

golgi body

d)

vacuole

135.

gets rid of waste

a)

lysosome

b)

ribosome

c)

vacuole

d)

golgi body

136.

packages and delivers proteins (Hint: "mailman)

a)

golgi body

b)

nucleus

c)

chloroplast

d)

nucleus

137.

All living things do which of the following?

a)

autotrophic mechanisms        

b)

photosynthesis

c)

chemosynthesis

d)

cellular respiration

138.

In which way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration different?

a)

Cellular respiration stores ATP, while photosynthesis releases ATP.

  

b)

Photosynthesis releases energy, while cellular respiration stores energy.

c)

Cellular respiration produces oxygen, while photosynthesis uses oxygen.

d)

Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide, while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide.

139.

Which of the following structures is where cellular respiration occurs in the cell?

a)

Nucleus                                              

b)

vacuoles

c)

Mitochondria

d)

cytoplasm

140.

What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?

a)

6O2 + C6H12O6 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy

b)

6CO2 + 6H2O -> 6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy

c)

6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy -> 6CO2 + 6H2O

d)

6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy -> 6O2 + C6H12O6

141.

What happens during cellular respiration?

a)

the breakdown of glucose to release ATP

b)

the breakdown of glucose to release FADH

c)

the breakdown of glucose to release NADH

d)

the breakdown of glucose to release carbon

142.

The energy carrier that the cell uses to power its day-to-day activities is 

a)

ATP 

b)

FADH2  

c)

NADH

d)

glucose

143.

What are the REACTANTS of cellular respiration?

a)

oxygen and carbon dioxide

b)

water and glucose

c)

carbon dioxide and water

d)

glucose and oxygen

144.

What are the PRODUCTS of cellular respiration?

a)

oxygen and ATP (energy)

b)

water and glucose and ATP (energy)

c)

carbon dioxide and water and ATP (energy)

d)

glucose and oxygen

145.

Which of the following describes the correct mechanism of cellular respiration?

a)

Glycolysis -> Kreb’s cycle -> pyruvate oxidation -> oxidative phosphorylation

b)

Glycolysis -> pyruvate oxidation -> oxidative phosphorylation -> Kreb’s cycle

c)

Glycolysis -> oxidative phosphorylation -> pyruvate oxidation -> Kreb’s cycle

d)

Glycolysis -> pyruvate oxidation -> Kreb’s cycle -> oxidative phosphorylation

146.

The image shows the processes involved during what stage of cellular respiration?

a)

Glycolysis                                        

b)

pyruvate oxidation

c)

Kreb’s cycle          

d)

oxidative phosphorylation

147.

What happens during photosynthesis?

a)

Heterotrophs produce ATP

b)

Heterotrophs consume ATP.

c)

Autotrophs consume carbohydrates.

d)

Autotrophs produce carbohydrates.

148.

In the autumn, the green leaves of sugar maples turn orange. Which explanation is true?

a)

The leaves increase their production of carotenoids to adjust to the autumn light.

b)

The colors of carotenoids are no longer masked by the color of chlorophyll.

c)

The autumn light has more orange wavelengths than the summer light has.

d)

The autumn light lacks the blue and orange-red wavelengths found in the summer light.

149.

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about ATP?

a)

Used ATP is discarded by the cell as waste.

b)

ATP provides energy for the mechanical functions of cells.

c)

ATP consists of ribose, adenine, and three phosphate groups.

d)

ADP is produced when ATP releases energy.

150.

Plants gather the sun’s energy using molecules called...

a)

glucose

b)

chloroplasts

c)

thylakoids.

d)

pigments

151.

Organisms, such as plants, that make their own food are called..

a)

heterotrophs

b)

autotrophs

c)

thylakoids

d)

pigments

152.

Energy is released from ATP when...

a)

a phosphate group is added

b)

adenine bonds to ribose

c)

ATP is exposed to sunlight

d)

a phosphate group is removed

153.

Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into..

a)

oxygen and carbon.

b)

high-energy sugars and proteins

c)

ATP and oxygen

d)

oxygen and high-energy sugars

154.

Plants get the energy they need for photosynthesis by absorbing

a)

high-energy sugars

b)

chlorophyll a

c)

energy from the sun.

d)

chlorophyll b

155.

Most plants appear green because chlorophyll...

a)

absorbs violet light.

b)

absorbs green light.

c)

does not absorb green light.

d)

does not absorb violet light.

156.

The stroma is the region outside the

a)

chloroplasts

b)

thylakoids

c)

plant cells

d)

all of the above

157.

Where do the light-dependent reactions take place?

a)

in the stroma of the chloroplast

b)

within the thylakoid membranes

c)

within the mitochondria membranes

d)

in the outer membrane of the chloroplasts

158.

What are the products of the light-dependent reactions?

a)

ATP, NADPH, and oxygen gas

b)

ATP, carbon dioxide gas, and NADPH

c)

carbon dioxide gas, oxygen gas, and NADPH

d)

oxygen gas and glucose

159.

Which of the following activities happens within the stroma?

a)

Photosystem I absorbs light.

b)

ATP synthase produces ATP.

c)

Electrons move through the electron transport chain.

d)

The Calvin cycle produces sugars.

160.

The Calvin cycle is another name for the...

a)

light-independent reactions.

b)

light-dependent reactions.

c)

photosynthesis reaction.

d)

electron transport chain.

161.

Plants gather energy with light-absorbing molecules called pigments.

a)

True

b)

False

162.

The light reactions of photosynthesis provides the Calvin cycle with...

a)

protons and electrons.

b)

ATP and NADPH

c)

CO2 and glucose.

d)

light and chlorophyll.

163.

The plants’ principal pigment is carotene.

a)

True

b)

False

164.

ATP is NOT a good molecule for storing large amounts of energy over the long term.

a)

True

b)

False

165.

Organisms that make their own food are called heterotrophs.

a)

True

b)

False

166.

During the light-dependent reactions, plants use the energy in ATP and NADPH to build high-energy sugars.

a)

True

b)

False

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