What is an alloy, and how does alloying affect the properties of a pure metal? Give two examples of common alloys and their primary constituents.

Explain the processes of hot forging and cold forming as methods of shaping metals, outlining the advantages of each.

Define tensile strength and ductility with respect to metals. How can heat treatment processes like annealing alter these properties?

What is the fundamental difference between a hardwood and a softwood? Provide one common example of each.

Describe the composition and key properties of Medium Density Fibreboard (MDF) and Plywood. Why are these manufactured boards often preferred over solid timber?

Define seasoning in the context of timber. Why is this process essential before the wood can be used in product manufacture?

Explain the terms warping and cupping as defects that can occur in timber.

Define a Smart Material and provide an example of one. Explain how its properties change in response to an external stimulus.

What is a Composite Material? Describe the constituents and key benefit of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (CFRP).

Explain the material properties of Self-Healing Polymers and propose a product where this material would be beneficial.

Define the term Piezoelectric Material. Describe a product or application where this material is used to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy.

Define the working property hardness. Suggest a common test used to measure this property in materials.

Explain what is meant by a material's Malleability and give an example of a manufacturing process that relies on this property.

What is the difference between fatigue and creep in material failure?

Describe the process and purpose of anodising as a surface treatment for metals.

Differentiate between a thermoplastic and a thermosetting polymer in terms of their molecular structure and behaviour when heated.

Explain why thermosetting polymers are typically used for electrical casings and saucepan handles.

Define the process of injection moulding. Which class of polymer is exclusively suitable for this process and why?

Identify two different additives that can be included in a polymer compound and explain the specific property they enhance.