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Chapter 4: Anatomy

Total questions: 125

Worksheet time: 1hrs 2mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Physiology is the scientific term for the study of body structure.

a)

True

b)

False

2.

The lowest level of organization for the human bods begins at the chemical level

a)

True

b)

False

3.

Atoms are the basic units of compounds

a)

True

b)

False

4.

Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins are examples of compounds.

a)

True

b)

False

5.

Anabolism is the process of breaking down large molecules into small ones.

a)

True

b)

False

6.

Chromosomes are made up of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

a)

True

b)

False

7.

Meiosis is the cell division that must occur so that when the sex cells combine during fertilization, the resulting cell contains the usual number of 46 chromosomes.

a)

True

b)

False

8.

Homeostasis is an unbalanced. unstable state within the body.

a)

True

b)

False

9.

The dorsal cavity is located in the front of the body

a)

True

b)

False

10.

Neoplasm's are 'new growths' and are cancerous or non-cancerous

a)

True

b)

False

11.

The outermost layer of the skin is the epidermis

a)

True

b)

False

12.

Moving toward the body is adduction.

a)

True

b)

False

13.

Veins carry blood away from the heart.

a)

True

b)

False

14.

The ventricles have one-way valves at their entrances and exits S that blood goes in the proper direction as the heart pumps.

a)

True

b)

False

15.

Systolic blood pressure is the pressure during the relaxation of the heart muscle and is expressed as the second number in the example 120/80 mmHg.

a)

True

b)

False

16.

Carbon dioxide is a waste product of metabolism.

a)

True

b)

False

17.

The large intestine is the longest part of the digestive tract.

a)

True

b)

False

18.

The female reproductive cells are called ova

a)

True

b)

False

19.

The nose is ventral to the ears, and the brain is dorsal to the eyes.

a)

True

b)

False

20.

The foot is proximal to the hip

a)

True

b)

False

21.

All microorganisms cause disease,

a)

True

b)

False

22.

Bacteria reproduce very slowly

a)

True

b)

False

23.

Most fungi do not cause disease in humans.

a)

True

b)

False

24.

Trichinella spiralis is a roundworm that enters the body in infeeted meat eaten raw or undercooked

a)

True

b)

False

25.

Untreated strep throat is not serious and does not lead to complications.

a)

True

b)

False

26.

An etiologic agent refers to a living microorganism or its toxin that may cause human disease.

a)

True

b)

False

27.

A quality control system is an ongoing system to evaluate the quality of medical care that is provided

a)

True

b)

False

28.

Viruses are found in soil and water

a)

True

b)

False

29.

Which of the following are essential to fluid balance, muscle contraction, and nerve impulse conduction?

a)

Chromosome

b)

Electrolytes

c)

Atoms

d)

Molecules

30.

The overall chemical functioning of the body is:

a)

Mitosis

b)

Anatomy

c)

Meiosis

d)

Metabolism

31.

Which of the following is the basic unit of life?

a)

Cell

b)

Chromosomes

c)

Enzymes

d)

Electrolyte

32.

The 'brain' of the cell is the:

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Nucleus

c)

Enzyme

d)

Cell membrane

33.

Which of the following provides the hereditary information that directs all cell activities and allows the cell to reproduce?

a)

deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

b)

enzymes

c)

ribonucleic acid (RNA)

d)

molecules

34.

Which of the following types of tissue form a protective covering for the body, the organs and body cavities?

a)

connective tissue

b)

muscle tissue

c)

epithelial tissue

d)

nervous tissue

35.

Which of the following types of tissue connects, protects, supports, and forms a framework for all parts of the body?

a)

epithelial tissue

b)

connective tissue

c)

muscle tissue

d)

nervous tissue

36.

Which of the following types of tissue provides movement, maintains posture, and produces heat?

a)

nervous tissue

b)

epithelial tissue

c)

connective tissue

d)

muscle tissue

37.

Which of the following types of tissue carries nerve impulses between the brain or spinal cord and other parts of the body?

a)

nervous tissue

b)

muscle tissue

c)

connective tissue

d)

epithelial tissue

38.

Examples of epithelial tissue are:

a)

fat, tendons, and blood

b)

cartilage and bone

c)

the skin and the linings of the respiratory and digestive tract

d)

found only in the heart

39.

Fat, tendons, bone, blood and lymph are examples of_______tissue.

a)

epithelial

b)

connective

c)

nervous

d)

muscle

40.

Smooth muscle is found in the:

a)

bone

b)

Eyes

c)

stomach and intestines

d)

brain

41.

Which of the following is correct when the body is in the anatomical position?

a)

the body is in a sitting position

b)

the eyes are closed

c)

the body is facing forward with feet together

d)

the arms are bent at the elbows with the palms facing downward

42.

The thoracic cavity contains the:

a)

brain and spinal cord

b)

lungs, heart major blood vessels, and esophagus

c)

nasal and oral cavities, serous membranes, and synovial membranes

d)

urinary bladder, rectum, and internal parts of the reproductive system

43.

The first line of defense against infection is the;

a)

Muscle

b)

Bones

c)

Skin

d)

Nerves

44.

Which of the following are functions of the integumentary system?

a)

nutrient and oxygen transport to the cells

b)

protection, temperature, regulation, and sensory reception

c)

control and coordination of body functions

d)

support, movement, and mineral storage

45.

Which skin condition is a sign of hepatitis or gallbladder diseasc?

a)

rashes

b)

bruises

c)

lesions

d)

jaundice

46.

Which of the following are the framework of the body?

a)

muscles

b)

bones

c)

nerves

d)

hormones

47.

A malignant abnormal growth of the skin is a:

a)

melanoma

b)

wart

c)

mole

d)

rash

48.

The long bones of the body are located in the:

a)

fingers, wrists, toes, and ankles

b)

vertebrae of the spine

c)

arms and legs

d)

ribs and skull

49.

Which of the following are flat bones?

a)

bones located in the arms and legs

b)

bones located in the fingers, wrists, toes, and ankles

c)

ribs and skull

d)

vertebrae

50.

Which of the following are small sacs filled with synovial fluid that help eliminate friction?

a)

tendons

b)

bursae

c)

ligaments

d)

capsules

51.

Which of the following is a ball-and-socket joint?

a)

the wrist

b)

the hip

c)

the knee and elbow

d)

the spine

52.

The function of muscles is to:

a)

provide support

b)

allow movement

c)

control and coordinate body functions

d)

protect the organs

53.

Bending your elbow is an example of:

a)

flexion

b)

extension

c)

abduction

d)

adduction

54.

Which of the following controls and coordinates all body activities?

a)

the muscular system

b)

the nervous system

c)

the skeletal system

d)

integumentary system

55.

Which part of the brain 1S responsible for all thought processes, actions, and senses

a)

The thalamus

b)

the brainstem

c)

the cerebellum

d)

the cerebral cortex

56.

Which part of the brain assists in controlling body temperature. water balance, sleep, appetite, and

a)

the hypothalamus

b)

the cerebral cortex

c)

the brainstem

d)

the cerebellum

57.

How many cranial nerves are there?

a)

4 pairs

b)

8 pairs

c)

12 pairs

d)

16 pairs

58.

The sympathetic nervous system responds to body stress in which of the following ways?

a)

decreased blood pressure, bronchial constriction

b)

inhibits urinary production, slows contraction of heart

c)

increased heart rate. dilated pupils, increased hormone production

d)

increased stomach secretions, increased peristalsis

59.

Which of the following are special senses?

a)

heat and cold

b)

pain and pressure

c)

vision, hearıng, taste, and smell

d)

touch and body position

60.

Which of the following regulate metabolism, growth, and physical and mental development?

a)

thyroid gland

b)

pituitary hormone

c)

parathyroid glands

d)

adrenal glands

61.

Which of the following regulate the levels of electrolytes, such as calcium and phosphate, in the blood?

a)

parathyroid glands

b)

thymus

c)

gonads

d)

adrenal glands

62.

The adrenal glands are located

a)

in the neck, surrounding the larynx

b)

directly above the kidneys

c)

in the upper part of the chest, above the heart

d)

in the center of the brain

63.

The functions of the adrenal cortex include:

a)

regulating the amount of sugar in the blood by facilitating its entry into the cells

b)

maintaınıng blood pressure, regulating inflammatory, allergic, and immune responses, and governing sexual characteristics

c)

regulating calcium and phosphate levels in the blood

d)

coordinating all functions of the brain

64.

Which of the following 1S produced by the pancreas and lowers the blood sugar

a)

melatonin

b)

glucagon

c)

Insulin

d)

estrogen

65.

Diabetes mellitus is a condition that results from a/an:

a)

excessive level of sugar in the blood

b)

imbalance of calcium and phosphate in the blood

c)

prolonged elevation of white blood cells

d)

excessive prodluction of norepinephrine and epinephrine

66.

Which of the following transports oxygen from the lungs to the body tissue and carbon dioxide from the body tissue to the lungs?

a)

Leukocytes

b)

plasma

c)

platelets

d)

erythrocytes

67.

Which of the following protect the body against infection?

a)

leukocytes

b)

erythrocytes

c)

platelets

d)

plasma

68.

The heart has a total of_____chambers.

a)

2

b)

3

c)

4

d)

5

69.

Which of the following provides a continuous special cleansing of the fluid portion of the blood and performs important immune functions?

a)

alveoli

b)

platelets

c)

lymph

d)

erythrocytes

70.

The_____closes over the larynx during swallowing to keep food out of the lungs.

a)

epiglottis

b)

bronchi

c)

pharynx

d)

trachea

71.

Mechanical and chemical digestion begins in the:

a)

mouth

b)

pharynx

c)

esophagus

d)

stomach

72.

Which of the following propels food through the digestive tract by rhythmic contractions?

a)

homeostasis

b)

metabolism

c)

peristalsis

d)

electrolytes

73.

semi-liquid form of undigested food that leaves the stomach is called:

a)

bile

b)

chyme

c)

bolus

d)

villi

74.

Which of the following organs of the digestive system is responsible for the production of bile?

a)

stomach

b)

pancreas

c)

small intestine

d)

liver

75.

Bile aids the body in the digestion and absorption of

a)

proteins

b)

carbohydrates

c)

fats

d)

vitamins and minerals

76.

Which of the following are the main functional organs of the urinary system?

a)

kidneys

b)

ureters

c)

urinary bladder urethra

d)

urethra

77.

Which of the following helps buffer body fluids and maintain fluid volume and levels of potassium, sodium, and chloride?

a)

urinary bladder

b)

stomach

c)

kidneys

d)

intestines

78.

Which of the following is responsible for male characteristics such as, deep voice, body hair, and muscle mass?

a)

estrogen

b)

follicle-stimulating hormone

c)

testosterone

d)

progesterone

79.

Which of the following causes buildup of the lining of the uterus to prepare it for possible pregnancy?

a)

testosterone

b)

follicle-stimulating hormone

c)

growth hormone

d)

estrogen

80.

Which of the following is another name for the birth canal?

a)

uterus

b)

vagina

c)

urethra

d)

external genitalia

81.

Which of the following are both superior to the intestines and inferior to the neck?

a)

the brain

b)

the lungs

c)

the legs

d)

the eyes

82.

Another name for anterior when locating anatomical positions is?

a)

caudal

b)

cranial

c)

ventral

d)

dorsal

83.

Which of the following indicates a position in relation to the midline?

a)

lateral

b)

proximal

c)

ventral

d)

medial

84.

Which of the following means nearest point of origin:

a)

dorsal

b)

proximal

c)

distal

d)

caudal

85.

Which of the following means near the surface?

a)

proximal

b)

inferior

c)

ventral

d)

superficial

86.

If you cut through the body from front to back and from top to bottom, so that there are a left and right section, each would be a _____ section.

a)

frontal

b)

transverse

c)

sagittal

d)

anterior

87.

Caudal means:

a)

toward the head

b)

farthest from the point of origin

c)

toward the feet

d)

away from the middle

88.

Which of the following refers to the study of microorganisms?

a)

pharmacology

b)

microbiology

c)

hematology

d)

radiology

89.

Which of the following is a characteristic of normal flora?

a)

normally found on the skin and within the human body

b)

referred to as pathogenic

c)

may lead to serious conditions

d)

cause mild infections

90.

An example of a sub-cellular microorganism is a:

a)

virus

b)

bacteria

c)

protozoan

d)

fungi

91.

Which of the following is an example of a microorganism that is classified as a prokaryotic cell?

a)

fungi

b)

virus

c)

bacteria

d)

parasite

92.

Which of the following is a characteristic of a sub-cellular microorganism?

a)

a complex cell structure containing a nucleus

b)

a highly structured organism with specialized organelles in the cytoplasm

c)

a non-cellular structure in which the nucleic acid is surrounded by a protein coat

d)

simple cell structure with no nucleus and no organelles in the cytoplasm

93.

Which of the following are characteristics of prokaryotic cells?

a)

non-cellular and the nucleic acid is surrounded by a protein coat

b)

simple structured with a single chromosome and no organelle

c)

highly structured and contain a nucleus

d)

A complex cell structure and have specialized organelles in the cytoplasm

94.

Which of the following are characteristics of eukaryotic cells?

a)

complex cell structure containing a nucleus and specialized organelles in the cytoplasm

b)

a simple cell structure with no nucleus

c)

. non-cellular and the nucleic acid is surrounded by a protein coat

d)

An uncomplicated and basic structure that contains no organelles in the cytoplasm

95.

Which classification of microorganisms contains protozoans, fungi, and parasites?

a)

sub-cellular

b)

prokaryotic cells

c)

eukarvotic cells

d)

they are unclassified

96.

Who is credited with identifying microorganisms as the cause of disease?

a)

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

b)

Joseph Lister

c)

Oliver Wendell Holmes and Ignaz Semmelweis

d)

Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch

97.

Which of the following microorganisms cause diseases that are a leading cause of death in developing countries because of lack of proper sanitation?

a)

viruses

b)

bacteria

c)

protozoans

d)

fungi

98.

Examples of viruses include:

a)

gonorrhea, meningitis, strep throat, and gastroenteritis

b)

tinea pedis, ringworm, thrush, and vaginal yeast infections

c)

malaria, amebic dysentery, and trichomoniasis vaginitis

d)

chickenpox, croup, hepatitis, and influenza

99.

Which of the following are characteristics of viruses?

a)

among the smallest infectious agents and cannot be seen with a regular microscope

b)

reproduced by budding and do not cause disease in humans

c)

single celled organisms that reproduce very quickly

d)

found in soil and water and most do not cause disease in humans

100.

The most common way to classify bacteria is according to their:

a)

ability to retain certain dyes

b)

ability to grow in the presence or absence of air

c)

biochemical reactions

d)

shape

101.

A bacteria that is spherical, round, or ovoid is a:

a)

vibrio

b)

coccus

c)

spirillun

d)

bacillus

102.

Bacteria that are comma-shaped are:

a)

spirillum

b)

vibrio

c)

coccus

d)

bacillus

103.

A spiral-shaped bacteria is classified as a:

a)

vibrio

b)

coccus

c)

spirillum

d)

bacillus

104.

A rod-shaped bacteria is classified as a:

a)

bacillus

b)

spirillum

c)

coccus

d)

vibrio

105.

Which of the following are grapevine clusters of cocci commonly found on the skin?

a)

diplococci

b)

mycobacteria

c)

staphylococci

d)

mycoplasma

106.

The causative agents for boils, acne, abscesses, food poisoning and a type of pneumonia are

a)

diplococci

b)

spirilla

c)

staphylococci

d)

streptococci

107.

How do streptococci grow?

a)

in chains

b)

in pairs

c)

in grape-like clusters

d)

in spirals

108.

Diplococci bacteria are responsible for causing:

a)

boils. acne and abscesses

b)

gonorrhea and some forms of meningitis

c)

gastroenteritis, tuberculosis and tetanus

d)

syphilis and Lyme disease

109.

Which of the following microorganisms cause infections such as strep throat, certain types of pneumonia and rheumatic fever?

a)

streptococci

b)

mycobacteria

c)

rickettsia

d)

diplococci

110.

Which of the following bacteria are responsible for gastroenteritis, tuberculosis, whooping cough, botulism, and tetanus?

a)

spirilla

b)

bacilli

c)

cocci

d)

vibrio

111.

Which of the following bacteria are responsible for infections such as syphilis and Lyme disease?

a)

cocci

b)

spirilla

c)

vibrio

d)

bacillus

112.

Which of the following bacteria are responsible for diseases such as cholera?

a)

spirilla

b)

vibrio

c)

cocci

d)

bacilli

113.

Which of the following are bacteria that grow best in the presence of oxygen?

a)

mordants

b)

aerobes

c)

keratins

d)

anaerobes

114.

The definition for anaerobes is:

a)

bacteria

b)

bacteria that can be differentiated from one another only by biochemical reactions that occur within the cell

c)

bacteria that grow best in the absence of oxygen

d)

bacteria that can thrive-in either an environment with oxygen or without oxygen

115.

The definition of facultative is bacteria that can:

a)

grow best in the presence of oxygen

b)

grow in the presence or absence of oxygen

c)

grow best in the absence of oxygen

d)

be differentiated from one another only by biochemical reactions that occur within the cell

116.

Which of the following are commonly found in insects such as ticks and mites and are responsible for diseases such as Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever and typhus?

a)

mycobacteria

b)

chlamydia

c)

mycoplasma

d)

rickettsii

117.

The genus that causes tuberculosis and leprosy is:

a)

staphylococcus

b)

mycobacterium

c)

streptococcus

d)

bacillus

118.

Which of the following cause venereal disease, eye disease, certain types of pneumonia, and certain types of heart disease?

a)

spirilla

b)

rickettsii

c)

chlamydia

d)

mycobacteria

119.

Spores are called

a)

keratin

b)

mold

c)

spirillum

d)

agar

120.

Which of the following is an organism that lives on or in another organism and uses the other organism for its nourishment, or for some other advantage, to the detriment of the host organism?

a)

mordant

b)

fungi

c)

colony

d)

parasite

121.

An infection caused by a parasite is called;

a)

keratin

b)

a mordant

c)

an infestation

d)

yeast

122.

Which of the following is a parasitic disease?

a)

syphilis

b)

pneumonia

c)

hepatitis

d)

scabies

123.

Which of the following lack the ability to make their own food, depend on other life forms, and reproduce by budding?

a)

viruses

b)

protozoans

c)

fungi

d)

parasites

124.

Which of the following is an inflammation of the heart tissue that more frequently occurs in school-age children as a result of an untreated strep throat?

a)

colitis

b)

tuberculosis

c)

rheumatic fever

d)

cancer

125.

How much do you think i love you?

a)

100%

b)

1,000,000%

c)

∞

d)

∞²

e)

♥︎All of the above♥︎

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