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Digestive System

Total questions: 86

Worksheet time: 46mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

carbohydrates broken down into ______

a)

monosaccharides

b)

fatty acids, glycerol

c)

amino acids

2.

lipids broken down into ______

a)

monosaccharides

b)

fatty acids, glycerol

c)

amino acids

3.

proteins broken down into ______

a)

monosaccharides

b)

fatty acids, glycerol

c)

amino acids

4.

monosaccharides or simple sugar roles

a)

provides energy

b)

cell recognition

c)

build cell membranes

d)

provides cushion

e)

energy storage

5.

fatty acids & glycerol roles

a)

provides energy

b)

cell recognition

c)

build cell membranes

d)

provides cushion

e)

energy storage

6.

amino acids roles

a)

provides energy

b)

cell recognition

c)

build cell membranes

d)

provides structure

e)

enzymes activity

7.

alimentary canal

a)

all structures along the tube from mouth to anus

b)

all other components of the digestive system but not part of the tube

8.

accessory organs

a)

all structures along the tube from mouth to anus

b)

all other components of the digestive system but not part of the tube

9.

what are the 6 process involved in digestion

a)

digestion, absorption, filtration, secretion, elimination, and respiration.

b)

ingestion, secretion, motility, digestion, absorption, and defecation.

c)

ingestion, filtration, absorption, secretion, excretion, and respiration.

10.

active, voluntary process of putting food in your mouth

a)

ingestion

b)

mastication

11.

the process of ingestion involves both physical and chemical digestion involving TWO accessory glands which are:

a)
liver and gallbladder
b)
stomach and intestines
c)
kidneys and spleen
d)

salivary glands and teeth

12.

Ingestion of food in oral cavity do NOT INVOLCE ABSORPTION

a)
False
b)
True
13.

skeletal muscle covered with mucous membrane

a)

tonsil

b)

nose

c)

tongue

14.

the taste buds on surface of tongue is housed in

meaning: bumps

a)
follicles
b)
glands
c)
cells
d)
papillae
15.

what are the 3 pairs of salivary glands

a)
Cervical glands, nasal glands, orbital glands
b)
Lingual glands, pharyngeal glands, facial glands
c)
Maxillary glands, buccal glands, zygomatic glands
d)
Parotid glands, submandibular glands, sublingual glands
16.

an enzyme produce by salivary glands which acts on starch

a)

Salivary Protease

b)

Salivary Lipase

c)

Salivary Amylase

d)

Salivary Cellulase

17.

what do you call milk teeth?

a)
Deciduous teeth
b)
Adult teeth
c)
Wisdom teeth
d)
Primary teeth
18.

what are the four types of teeth?

a)
Canines, Molars, Incisors, Wisdoms
b)
Molars, Incisors, Wisdoms, Fangs
c)
Wisdoms, Fangs, Canines, Incisors
d)
Incisors, Canines, Premolars, Molars
19.

deglutition means

a)
swallowing
b)
digesting
c)
breathing
d)
chewing
20.

what is bolus

a)

a small, continuous dose of a substance

b)

method of measuring blood pressure

c)

soft mass of chewed food that has been mixed with saliva in the mouth

21.

three phases of deglutition

a)
The three phases of swallowing are: oral phase, laryngeal phase, and gastric phase.
b)
The three phases of eating are: chewing phase, swallowing phase, and digestion phase.
c)
The three phases of digestion are: oral phase, gastric phase, and intestinal phase.
d)
The three phases of deglutition are: oral phase, pharyngeal phase, and esophageal phase.
22.

tongue pushes bolus to back of oral cavity

a)

oral phase

b)

pharyngeal phase

c)

esophageal phase

d)

voluntary

e)

involuntary

23.

bolus stimulates receptors in oropharynx

brainstem coordinates = uvula & epiglottis

a)

oral phase

b)

pharyngeal phase

c)

esophageal phase

d)

voluntary

e)

involuntary

24.

moves bolus from pharynx to stomach

a)

oral phase

b)

pharyngeal phase

c)

esophageal phase

d)

voluntary

e)

involuntary

25.

in the pharyngeal phase, which organs block nasopharynx

a)
Pharyngeal walls and larynx
b)
Soft palate and uvula
c)
Tongue and epiglottis
d)
Vocal cords and trachea
26.

epiglottis block which organs during swallowing?

a)
trachea
b)
larynx
c)
stomach
d)
esophagus
27.

involuntary smooth muscle contraction that moves ingested nutrients through digestive tract

e.g. bolus from pharynx to stomach

a)
Churning
b)
Peristalsis
c)
Segmentation
d)
Sphincter contraction
28.

what is esophageal hiatus

a)

part of the stomach anatomy.

b)

valve that prevents acid reflux.

c)

muscle that controls swallowing.

d)

an opening in the diaphragm for the esophagus

29.

stratified squamous in mouth, esophagus, anal canal

simple columnar in stomach and intestines

a)

Mucosa layer

b)

Submucosa layer

c)

Muscularis layer

d)

Serosa layer

30.

contains blood vessels, glands, and lymphatic tissue

highly vascularized

a)

Mucosa layer

b)

Submucosa layer

c)

Muscularis layer

d)

Serosa layer

31.

skeletal muscle in mouth

two layers of smooth muscle in the rest of GI tract

but 3 in stomach

a)

Mucosa layer

b)

Submucosa layer

c)

Muscularis layer

d)

Serosa layer

32.

connective tissue

simple squamous epithelium

secretes serous fluid

a)

Mucosa layer

b)

Submucosa layer

c)

Muscularis layer

d)

Serosa layer

33.

found in muscularis layer

ENS neurons, parasympathetic ganglia, and fibers, sympathetic fibers

innervates muscularis, controls motility

a)

myenteric plexus

b)

adventitia

c)

submucosal plexus

34.

found in submucosa layer

part of ENS

controls secretion, contraction of muscularis mucosae

a)

myenteric plexus

b)

adventitia

c)

submucosal plexus

35.

layers of GI Tract (deep to superficial)

a)

mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa

b)

mucosa, muscularis, adventitia, and serosa

c)

serosa, mucosa, submucosa, muscularis

d)

mucosa, serosa, and epithelium

36.

largest serous membrane in the body

a)
Peritoneum
b)
Pleura
c)
Pericardium
d)
Endocardium
37.

covers many abdominal organs

a)

visceral peritoneum

b)

parietal peritoneum

c)

peritoneal cavity

38.

lines walls of cavity

a)

visceral peritoneum

b)

parietal peritoneum

c)

peritoneal cavity

39.

space between layers

contains small amount of serous fluid

a)

visceral peritoneum

b)

parietal peritoneum

c)

peritoneal cavity

40.

two fused layers of serous membrane

support organs, nerves, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels

a)

peritoneal extensions

b)

mesentery

c)

greater omentum

d)

lesser omentum

e)

mesocolon

41.

type of peritoneal extensions that supports stomach

a)

mesentery

b)

greater omentum

c)

lesser omentum

d)

mesocolon

42.

type of peritoneal extensions that supports small intestine

a)

mesentery

b)

greater omentum

c)

lesser omentum

d)

mesocolon

43.

what is maximum capacity of stomach?

a)

2-4 L

b)

3-4 L

c)

1-4 L

44.

stomach lining which folds into wrinkles when empty

a)
Plicae
b)
Mucosa
c)
Rugae
d)
Folds
45.

type of cell in stomach lining

produce pepsinogen and lipase

a)

chief cells

b)

parietal cells

c)

enteroendocrine (G) cells

d)

simple columnar epithelium

46.

type of cell in stomach lining

produce gastrin

a)

chief cells

b)

parietal cells

c)

enteroendocrine (G) cells

d)

simple columnar epithelium

47.

type of cell in stomach lining

produce hydrochloric acid

a)

chief cells

b)

parietal cells

c)

enteroendocrine (G) cells

d)

simple columnar epithelium

48.

a hormone released in the presence of food in the stomach

stimulates churning and gastric juice production

a)

Mucus

b)

HCI / hydrochloric acid

c)

Pepsin

d)
Gastrin
49.

makes gastric juice

a protein-digesting enzyme

a)

Mucus

b)

HCI / hydrochloric acid

c)

Pepsin

d)
Gastrin
50.

makes gastric juice

denatures proteins and kills microbes

a)

Mucus

b)

HCI / hydrochloric acid

c)

Pepsin

d)
Gastrin
51.

makes gastric juice

protects stomach from being digested by the acid and enzymes

a)

Mucus

b)

HCI / hydrochloric acid

c)

Pepsin

d)
Gastrin
52.

what includes gastric juice

a)
Hydrochloric acid, pepsinogen, intrinsic factor, mucus, and water.
b)
Lactic acid, trypsin, cholecystokinin, and fiber.
c)
Sodium bicarbonate, amylase, bile, and enzymes.
d)
Acetic acid, lipase, insulin, and electrolytes.
53.

which are true about stomach?

a)

produces insulin to regulate blood sugar levels

b)

responsible for nutrient absorption

c)

very little absorption

d)

main functions are to store food while performing physical and chemical digestion

e)

food combines with gastric juices

54.

what is chyme

a)

type of enzyme produced in the liver.

b)

hormone that regulates digestion.

c)

mixture of food and digestive juices in the stomach.

d)

solid form of undigested food.

55.

forceful emptying of stomach

result of reverse peristalsis

a)
Nausea
b)
Regurgitation
c)
Indigestion
d)
Vomiting
56.

which are true about the characteristics of small intestine?

a)

limited surface for absorption

b)

large surface for absorption

c)

extends from pyloric sphincter to ileocecal valve

d)

about 3 m long, 2.5 cm in diameter

e)

about 1.5 m, 3 cm diameter

57.

which are true about the characteristics of large intestine?

a)

limited surface for absorption

b)

large surface for absorption

c)

extends from ileocecal valve to anal opening

d)

about 3 m long, 2.5 cm in diameter

e)

about 1.5 m, 3 cm diameter

58.

which part of the small intestine is the shortest?

a)
Duodenum
b)
Jejunum
c)
Ileum
d)
Cecum
59.

which part of the small intestine is the longest ?

a)
Duodenum
b)
Jejunum
c)
Ileum
d)
Cecum
60.

where are permanent folds found in small intestine?

a)

duodenum and distal ileum

b)

colon and rectum

c)

esophagus of the gastrointestinal tract

d)

duodenum & jejunum

61.

intestinal gland

found in the base of villi

secretes intestinal juice

a)

villus

b)

crypts of Lieberkühn

c)

paneth cell

d)

goblet cell

62.

layers of small intestine wall

a)

serous, fibrous, epithelial, muscular

b)

epithelial, connective, lymphatic, vascular

c)

villi, mucosa, submucosa, smooth muscle, serosa

d)

mucosal, vascular, connective, serous

63.

increase surface area

in surface of absorptive cells

200 million/mm2

function in digestion, absorption

a)

microvilli

b)

absorptive cell

c)

goblet cell

d)

enteroendocrine cell

e)

paneth cell

64.

produces enzymes and absorb nutrients

a)

microvilli

b)

absorptive cell

c)

goblet cell

d)

enteroendocrine cell

e)

paneth cell

65.

secretes mucus

a)

microvilli

b)

absorptive cell

c)

goblet cell

d)

enteroendocrine cell

e)

paneth cell

66.

secretes hormones

(i.e. secretin)

a)

microvilli

b)

absorptive cell

c)

goblet cell

d)

enteroendocrine cell

e)

paneth cell

67.

phagocyte

secretes lysozyme

a)

microvilli

b)

absorptive cell

c)

goblet cell

d)

enteroendocrine cell

e)

paneth cell

68.

which involves small intestine physiology?

a)

secretion of bile acids

b)

marks end of digestion: physical and chemical

c)

regulation of blood sugar levels

d)

beginning and end of true nutrient absorption

69.

what happens in the physical digestion in small intestine?

a)

segmentation or mechanical breakdown food

b)

storage in the small intestine before digestion

c)

absorption of nutrients happens in the stomach

70.

end of digestion involves chemical digestion which occurs in ____ involving

a)

gastric juice and brush border enzymes

b)
large intestine
c)

cecum

d)

bile

e)

pancreatic juice and brush border enzymes

71.

part of large intestine

contains secondary lymphatic tissue

"safe house" for beneficial bacteria

a)
ileum
b)
colon
c)
rectum
d)
appendix
72.

circular muscle

minimal long muscle

a)

haustrum

b)

teniae coli

73.

3 bands of longitudinal muscles

a)

haustrum

b)

teniae coli

74.

last 20 cm of GI tract

anterior to sacrum, coccyx

a)

rectum

b)

internal anal sphincter

c)

external anal sphincter

75.

smooth muscle involuntary

"signal"

a)

rectum

b)

internal anal sphincter

c)

external anal sphincter

76.

skeletal muscle

voluntary

"clenched"

a)

rectum

b)

internal anal sphincter

c)

external anal sphincter

77.

feces is semi-solid mass of indigestible food particles and _____

a)

viruses, mucus, & water

b)

undigested proteins, mucus, & water

c)

bacteria, mucus, & water

78.

constipation means ____ time in the colon

a)

shorter

b)

longer

79.

diarrhea means ____ time in the colon

a)

shorter

b)

longer

80.

which are true about the differences of small & large intestine ?

a)

small int. absorbs nutrients

b)

there is little bacteria present in large intestine

c)

large int. absorb water, vitamins, electrolytes

d)

various folds, villi, and microvilli in small int.

e)

major digestion occurs in large int.

81.

12-15 cm long, shaped like a triangle

production of enzymes

produce alkaline (bicarbonate) fluid to neutralize acidic chyme

a)

pancreas

b)

liver

c)

gallbladder

82.

triangular reddish brown organ

production of bile

"emulsify fats"

a)

pancreas

b)

liver

c)

gallbladder

83.

stores bile when not digesting

pear-shaped

3 layers of smooth muscle

a)

pancreas

b)

liver

c)

gallbladder

84.

yellow, olive green alkaline liquid produced by hepatocytes

a)
hydrochloric acid
b)
sodium hydroxide
c)
potassium chloride
d)
bile
85.

bile contains the following

a)
Bile contains hormones, starch, fiber, and ketones.
b)

Bile contains bile salts, bilirubin, cholesterol, electrolytes, and water.

c)
Bile contains vitamins, amino acids, minerals, and sugars.
d)
Bile contains enzymes, proteins, glucose, and fats.
86.

liver macrophages found in the walls of hepatic sinusoids

phagocytize microbes and foreign matter

a)
Hepatic stellate cells
b)
Sinusoidal endothelial cells
c)
Kupffer cells
d)
Bile duct cells

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