WorksheetsCCST Review Questions
Total questions: 100
Worksheet time: 2hrs 40mins
What is packaging a piece of data called to add an address and other metadata?
Packet
Encapsulation
Labeling
Packaging
What is metadata?
Virtual data; used in computer networks to describe a virtual interface
Information about Information; used in computer networking to describe the source, destination, and other information about a frame, packet, or segment
Tunnel data; used in computer networks to describe the path a packet should take through the network
Data that does not exist
What is a physical address?
An address identifying a single physical interface
An address identifying a single logical interface
An address identifying a single host or device
An address identifying a single application
What is an interface address?
An address identifying a single physical interface
An address identifying a single logical interface
An address identifying a single host or device
An address identifying a single application
What is a port?
An address identifying a single physical interface
An address identifying a single logical interface
An address identifying a single host or device
An address identifying a single application
What is a frame?
Data packaged to be moved from one host to another
Data packaged to be moved from one application to another
Data packaged to be moved from one physical interface to another
Data packaged to be moved from one application to a physical interface
What is a packet?
Data packaged to be moved from one host to another
Data packaged to be moved from one application to another
Data packaged to be moved from one physical interface to another
Data packaged to be moved from a host to a physical interface
What is a segment?
Data packaged to be moved from one application to another
Data packaged to be moved from one host to another
Data packaged to be moved from one physical interface to another
Data packaged to be moved from a host to an application
What does a tunnel hide in a computer network?
The contents of the packet
The source and destination physical interfaces
The original destination addresses
The original packet’s protocol
What does the scope of an address refer to?
The physical distance the packet may travel before being discarded
The host or set of hosts that should receive the packet
The parts of the network topology where the packet should be sent
The number of devices that may receive and process the packet
What is the size and format of IPv4 addresses?
32 bits, written as four decimal numbers
64 bits, written as four hexadecimal numbers
48 bits, written in groups of hexadecimal numbers
128 bits, written in groups of hexadecimal numbers
The prefix of an IP address refers to which of the following?
The last part of the address
The part part of the address
A number placed before the address to indicate the service
The part of the IP address that differentiates subnets from one another
What is the size and format of an IPv6 address?
32 bits, written as four decimal numbers
64 bits, written as four hexadecimal numbers
48 bits, written in groups of hexadecimal numbers
128 bits, written in groups of hexadecimal numbers
What is publicly routable IP address space?
Addresses that can be used by any network
Well-known addresses
Addresses that can be routed on the global Internet
Addresses used by public entities, like governments
What is a well-known port?
A physical port on a host or network device that is easy to identify
Port assigned through standardization to an individual application
The most commonly used port on a network device
The primary service port through which a host is connected
What do most Network Address Translation implementations modify?
The source address
The destination address
The source address and source port number
The destination address and destination port number
How far will packets destined to an address in fe80::/48 travel through a network?
To the destination host, even if it is connected multiple hops away
To all the hosts connected to a single segment
To all the hosts within a range of addresses
To a single host connected to the same local segment
How can a host discover the mapping between a physical address and an IPv4 interface address?
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (SLAAC)
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery (ND) protocol
How can a host discover the mapping between a physical address and an IPv6 interface address?
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (SLAAC)
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery (ND) protocol
How does a switch discover which physical addresses are reachable through each interface?
By receiving a frame with a host’s physical source address
The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)
Using ping to interrogate each connected host
Through a link-state routing protocol
Switching forwards packets based on
The destination physical (MAC) address
The metric to each destination
The destination logical (IP) address
The set of ports blocked based on the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)
Routing forwards packets based on
The destination physical (MAC) address
The metric to each destination
The destination logical (IP) address
The set of ports blocked based on the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)
When a router has multiple routes that could be used to forward a packet, what is the first rule for deciding which entry to use?
The lowest route metric will be used.
The shortest hop count will be used.
The route through the nonblocked interface will be used.
The route with the longest prefix length will be used.
What will happen if a host tries to use DHCP to get an IP address on a segment without a DHCP server?
The host will not be able to get an IP address.
The system administrator will be notified and can configure an address manually.
The router will forward the DHCP request packets out every interface as a broadcast.
The router may relay the DHCP request packet toward the DHCP server (if configured).
What tools can you use to view and manage the IP addresses of interfaces on Windows 11?
System Information app, Control Panel, command-line utilities
Control Panel, System Information app
Settings app, Control Panel, command-line utilities
Command-line utilities, Control Panel
What is one primary difference between command-line interfaces (CLIs) for configuration and monitoring rather than graphical user interfaces (GUIs) when configuring and monitoring network interfaces?
The CLI always provides more information than the GUI.
The GUI always uses fewer system resources than the CLI.
The CLI is easier to use with scripts and automation tools.
The GUI tends to respond more quickly to user commands than a CLI.
What tools can you use to view and manage the IP addresses of interfaces on Apple’s OS/X?
Control Panel, Finder, command line
Settings application, System Information app, command line
Control Panel, System Information app, command line
Settings application, Finder, command line
What are the most common commands used for discovering the IP address in Linux?
Powershell and ipconfig
ipconfig and ip
ifconfig and ip
Powershell and ip
What kinds of packets do ping applications transmit?
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
QUIC
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
What kinds of packets do traceroute applications normally transmit?
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
QUIC
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
What characteristic of an IP packet does traceroute use to find each hop in a path?
Destination address
Source address
Packet size
Time-to-live
What does an asterisk (*) in traceroute mean? (Choose two.)
The router or host at this hop in the network does not send ICMP responses.
The packet passed through a tunnel.
The path ends at this point.
The network has blocked the ICMP response packet.
What application can you use to find your public IP address?
ifconfig
ipconfig
ping
web-based service
What is a host?
A large-scale computer, such as a mainframe
A computer (because it can host applications)
A lot of computers combined in a single facility (a host of computers)
Any network connected device
What is a network device?
A computer that hosts application
Any device connected to a network
A network connected device that runs a routing protocol
A network connected device that runs an operating system
What is the purpose of the Linux namespace?
To provide Network Address Translation services
To create a logical container for all network functions for a single virtual host
To provide a separate memory space for the kernel
To provide a way to separate network functions from application functions
What kind of kernel do Android devices use?
Windows 11
Apple’s macOS
Linux
Mach microkernel
What does an IoT gateway do?
Translates IoT protocols into IP for transmission across the Internet
Prevents unauthorized users from accessing IoT devices connected to the network
Monitors IoT devices for proper operation
Aggregates data produced by IoT devices
What are common services implemented by a firewall?
NAT, packet filtering, routing
NAT, data exfiltration detection, packet filtering
NAT, session termination, routing
NAT, packet filtering, stateful packet filtering
What organization manages the names and numbers used on the global Internet?
The Internet Engineering Task Force
The United States government
The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers
The International Telecommunications Union
Which organization assigns IP addresses to local Internet Service Providers?
The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
Regional Internet Registries
The Internet Engineering Task Force
The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers
Why is understanding network models important?
So you can place protocols in their proper context within a computer network
So you can understand “Layer 2,” “Layer 3,” etc.
So you can quote the layers of each model when asked
So you can understand network management displays
What is the correct order of the seven layers of the OSI model, from lowest to highest?
Data link, physical, transport, network, presentation, session, application
Session, application, presentation, physical, data link, network
Physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, application
Application, presentation, session, transport, network, data link, physical
What are two significant things about Layer 2—the data link layer—of the OSI model?
Data is carried in frames.
Data is carried in packets.
Routers operate at this layer.
Switches operate at this layer.
What are two significant things about Layer 3—the network layer—of the OSI model?
Data is carried in frames.
Data is carried in packets.
Routers operate at this layer.
Switches operate at this layer.
What kinds of addresses are used in Layer 3 of the OSI model?
MAC addresses
EUI-48 addresses
Internet Protocol addresses
Port numbers
Why is it sometimes difficult to map OSI model layers to protocols in the TCP/IP suite?
Every function provided by protocols in the TCP/IP suite of protocols is not described in the OSI model.
Every function described in the OSI model is not provided in the TCP/IP suite of protocols.
Some functions described in the OSI model are either repeated by multiple protocols or fall into protocols outside the specified layer.
Some functions in the TCP/IP suite of protocols do not exist in the OSI model.
What are the layers of the TCP/IP model, in the correct order from lowest to highest?
Physical, data link, network, application
Physical, Internet, transport, application
Physical, data link, Internet, application
Physical, Internet, transport, application, session
What is the frequency of an electronic signal or wave?
How often the signal shuts on and off
How often the signal’s power changes
How often the signal changes polarity
How often the signal changes from a 0 to a 1
What is far-end crosstalk?
The amount of interference between two optical fibers
The amount of interference between two copper wires carrying different signals
The amount of interference measured at a point farthest from the equipment
The amount of interference between two wireless signals
What is the maximum transmission unit?
The longest amount of time a transmitter can use the network
The shortest possible packet a sender can transmit on a segment or through a network
The largest file a sender can transmit over a network
The largest packet, in bits, that can be transmitted over a segment or through a network
What is coax?
A type of copper cable with an inner conductor and outer shield
A type of fiber-optic cable containing two optical strands
A type of copper cable carrying two wires twisted together
A type of copper connector with two prongs
The 100BASE-T standard describes?
A method for transmitting 100 Mb/s over an optical cable
A method for transmitting 100 Mb/s over a twisted pair of copper wires
A method for transmitting 100 Mb/s over a coaxial cable
A method for transmitting files containing less than 100 MB of data
What is an RJ-45 connection?
A small round connection used for fiber-optic networks
A small round connection used for twisted-pair copper networks
A rectangular connector with 8 wires used for twisted-pair Ethernet
A rectangular connector with 4 wires used for twisted-pair Ethernet
What is single mode?
An Ethernet mode where only one host can transmit data at a time
An optical fiber connection using high-power laser transmitters
An optical fiber cable with a single optical strand
An Ethernet cable with a single strand of wire, rather than a twisted pair
What is an SC connector?
A square twisted-pair Ethernet connector
A small round connector used as an alternate to the RJ-45
A common round fiber-optic connector
A common square fiber-optic connector
How does beam forming create a directional signal?
By physically blocking a wireless signal from traveling in some directions
By turning the signal on and off in a specific pattern so the beam goes in only one direction
By combining signals from multiple antennas as they pass through the air
By bouncing signals off solid objects in the room to create a narrow pattern
What two characteristics of noise will cause greater interference when mixed with a signal?
Lower power and a frequency close to the signal’s frequency
Higher power and a frequency close to the signal’s frequency
Higher power and a frequency farther away from the signal’s frequency
Lower power and a frequency farther away from the signal’s frequency
What is the carrier of an electromagnetic signal?
The center frequency, or the frequency onto which the signal is modulated
The physical medium through which the signal is carried
The signaling mechanism carrying the data being pushed through the network
The physical wire carrying the signal
What organization defines and supports the Wi-Fi standards?
The Internet Engineering Task Force
The International Telecommunications Union
The World Wide Web Consortium
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
What Wi-Fi device can extend the range of a Wi-Fi network signal?
Access point
Repeater
Backhaul network
Longer cables
What are the primary advantages of Wi-Fi for a network operator?
It does not require configuration of any kind.
It operates in unlicensed spectrum.
It allows for centralized billing based on data usage.
It does not require extensive infrastructure.
What is the radio access network (RAN)?
The antenna and transmitter in a Wi-Fi network
The antenna and software on a cellular telephone or other cellular-connected device
A group of cellular towers and the transmitters, and the network connecting those cellular towers
The network connecting a cellular radio tower to the mobile core
What is the mobile core?
A set of cellular radio transmitters and towers that can be moved to improve reception when needed
A set of servers and software that authorize users, track user locations, and track cellular network usage
A set of hardware components in the cellular radio tower used to modulate data onto the carrier
The central network that connects all the radio access networks together
What is the primary difference between a LEO (low Earth orbit) satellite and a geosynchronous satellite?
Geosynchronous satellites are positioned at a constant point above the Earth’s surface, while LEO satellites move across the sky.
LEO satellites have higher bandwidth, while geosynchronous satellites have lower bandwidth.
Geosynchronous satellites require more power than LEO satellites.
LEO satellites have higher latency than geosynchronous satellites.
What is bandwidth?
The maximum amount of data a link can carry
Another word for throughput
The amount of data a link delivers under real-world conditions
The projected amount of bandwidth required at some future time
What is throughput?
Another word for bandwidth
The amount of data a link delivers under real-world conditions
The amount of data a link delivers without error
The projected amount of bandwidth required at some future time
What is the relationship between bandwidth and throughput?
Bandwidth will always be lower than throughput.
Bandwidth will always be higher than throughput.
Bandwidth and throughput will always be the same.
There is no relationship between bandwidth and throughput.
What contributes to a network's delay?
The length of the physical path
The amount of jitter along the path
The speed of the link
The amount of data loss
Queuing
How does link speed impact delay?
Higher link speeds increase delay.
Higher link speeds decrease delay.
Link speed does not impact delay.
Link speed increases delay when the link is heavily utilized.
What is jitter?
The amount of time between a packet being transmitted and the same packet being received
Variance in the queue depth on a given interface
Variance in the bandwidth due to link errors
Changes in delay from packet to packet
What do web-based speed test tools measure?
The performance of your internal network
The performance of your connection to the Internet
The performance of your connection to the Internet and your provider’s local performance
The performance of your web browser
What does IPerf (and similar tools) measure?
The performance of your internal network
The performance of your connection to the Internet or your local network performance
The performance of your connection to the Internet
The performance of your web browser
What is the primary purpose of the management network port?
Provide access to the device’s command-line interface
Carry customer traffic within the local network
Connect to a low-speed out-of-band management network
Carry customer traffic to destinations outside the local network
What is the primary purpose of the console port?
Provide access to the device’s command-line interface
Carry customer traffic within the local network
Connect to a low-speed out-of-band management network
Carry customer traffic to destinations outside the local network
How are ports numbered on a router?
Module or slot, kind of port, submodule, and port number on the module
Kind of port, module or slot, submodule, and port number on the module
Port number, kind of port, module or slot, submodule
By the physical location of the port on the device
What are the four common light indicators on network devices?
Green, malfunctioned; green flashing, passing traffic; yellow, connecting or malfunctioned; red, operating correctly
Green, passing traffic; green flashing, operating correctly; yellow, connecting or malfunctioned; red, malfunctioned
Do the color and status of lights on all routers and switches indicate the same things?
Every network device uses the same colors and patterns of lights to mean the same thing.
The colors of the lights always mean the same things, but the flashing patterns may vary between vendors.
The colors of the lights may vary between vendors, but the flashing patterns always mean the same thing.
The colors and flashing patterns may vary between individual devices.
What diagrams are commonly used in network engineering?
Topological
Physical
Logical
Overlay
Routing
Why is it important to manage cables through management hardware?
Because OSHA regulations require well-organized cables
To prevent cables from hanging off their connectors
Because engineers generally like neatness
To aid in the end-to-end tracing of cables
What is the importance of separating hot and cold air in a networking equipment room?
To provide a comfortable environment for technicians
To prevent the mixing of hot and cold air, increasing equipment cooling efficiency
To prevent the mixing of hot and cold air, increasing equipment heating efficiency
To use the heat from the equipment more efficiently in the building
What is an intermediate distribution frame?
A term commonly used to describe any intermediate equipment room or wiring facility
A term commonly used to describe where wiring enters a building and the main equipment, wiring, or wiring facility in the building
A vertical conduit or cable-handling system for pulling cables vertically, between floors, in a building
A form of structured wiring used in data centers
What is a building distribution frame?
A term commonly used to describe any intermediate equipment room or wiring facility
A vertical conduit or cable-handling system for pulling cables vertically, between floors, in a building
A term commonly used to describe where wiring enters a building and the main equipment, wiring, or wiring facility in the building
A form of structured wiring used in data centers
What is a riser for building wiring?
A term commonly used to describe any intermediate equipment room or wiring facility
A term commonly used to describe where wiring enters a building and the main equipment, wiring, or wiring facility in the building
A vertical conduit or cable-handling system for pulling cables vertically, between floors, in a building
A form of structured wiring used in data centers
What components may be separate or combined devices in a home network?
MODEM, router
MODEM, firewall, router, switch, AP
MODEM, firewall, router
Firewall, router, AP
What is the MODEM?
Converts telephone signals to computer signals
Converts the long-distance optical or electrical signals to Ethernet in a home network
Converts Wi-Fi signals to Ethernet
Converts computer signals to telephone signals
What are the most common connectors for bringing network service to a residential building?
DOCSIS F-connector
Optical LC Connector
Ethernet RJ-45
Optical SC Connector
What is a demarc?
Where the provider’s network ends and the customer’s network begins
A term commonly used to describe where wiring enters a building and the main equipment, wiring, or wiring facility in the building
A vertical conduit or cable-handling system for pulling cables vertically, between floors, in a building
The connector on the MODEM you plug a router into
What does the SSID identify?
The Wi-Fi network in a house
A set of services connected to a single Wi-Fi segment or broadcast domain
A non-guest Wi-Fi network
The password you use to connect to a Wi-Fi network
What is a TDR used for?
To measure the delay across a link
To find the location of a cable failure
To measure the jitter across a link
To find the location of a buried cable
What is right-of-way?
An owner’s grant to some outside party to use a piece of land
A provider’s right to bury cables under the ocean
When cars get out of the way of a train
The right to dig up a cable that’s already been buried
What are two common ways to run cables over long distances?
Send data through a satellite link
Bury the cables in trenches
Attach the cables to poles
Carry them in large, specially designed ships
What are four common last-mile network technologies?
FWA, GPON, DOCSIS, metro fiber
Wi-Fi, GPON, Ethernet, DOCSIS
FWA, Ethernet, DOCSIS, Optical SC
FWA, GPON, DOCSIS, metro fiber
HTTP and HTTPs: These are (a) used for transferring web pages. (b) is a (c) of HTTP commonly used for online transactions.
1. The typical port used by TCP for HTTP is __________
60
90
80
70
________is used when speed is the primary importance, such as real-time video
conferencing, streaming audio and video, Voice Over IP (VOIP), music, and online games.
TCP
UDP
What is meant by an internet protocol?
A software application used for sending and receiving emails.
The process of browsing websites and accessing online content.
A set of rules and protocols that govern how data is transmitted over the internet.
The physical infrastructure that enables internet connectivity.
This suite is a combination of protocol relationships, encompassing several different
protocols, each having different purposes and needs and is the protocol suite the
majority of the Internet uses.________
Name one common network protocol used for sending emails.
SMTP
FTP
HTTP
POP3
Hank typed a URL into his web browser. After a few seconds the browser loaded the webpage. Which of these protocols were used by the browser in fetching and loading the webpage?
I. IP
II. IMAP
III. POP
IV. HTTP
V. TCP
VI. HTML
I, IV, V & VI
I, IV, and V
IV and V
all of these
