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WorksheetsEcology - Midterm Exam
Total questions: 46
Worksheet time: 23mins
Multiple Choice: Select the best answer for each question below. Many individuals of one species together in one place are called ______.
a niche
a community
a population
mutualism
Multiple Choice: Select the best answer for each question below. A place where an organism lives is called its ______.
community
niche
trophic level
habitat
Multiple Choice: Select the best answer for each question below. Which level of an energy pyramid is most likely to have the highest number of organisms?
Producers
Primary consumers
Secondary consumers
Tertiary consumers
Multiple Choice: Select the best answer for each question below. Two types of organisms consume dead and decaying matter. The difference between these two types of organisms is that ______ are consumers that feed on dead animals, while ______ actually break down plants and animals into simpler molecules.
decomposers; producers
scavengers; decomposers
producers; decomposers
decomposers; scavengers
Multiple Choice: Select the best answer for each question below. The viceroy butterfly and the monarch butterfly look very similar. Both are distasteful to predators. This is an example of ______.
mullerian mimicry
chemical mimicry
malthusian mimicry
batesian mimicry
Multiple Choice: Select the best answer for each question below. Cowbirds are known to lay their eggs in the nests of other birds. Mother birds will feed the new chicks and their own, which sometimes means not every chick gets enough food. This is an example of ______.
mutualism
commensalism
amensalism
neutralism
parasitism
Multiple Choice: Select the best answer for each question below. Which sphere of the earth is named using the Greek root meaning “ground”?
Hydrosphere
Atmosphere
Biosphere
Geosphere
Multiple Choice: Select the best answer for each question below. Which of these is not an example of an abiotic factor?
soil
temperature
bacteria
rainfall
Multiple Choice: Select the best answer for each question below. Which kind of niche takes competition between organisms into account?
Realized
Unique
Fundamental
Competitive
Multiple Choice: Select the best answer for each question below. How much chemical energy is transferred from the producer level to the secondary consumer level in a food chain?
1/10
1/20
1/100
1/1000
Multiple Choice: Select the best answer for each question below. Organisms that eat both plants and meat are called ______.
omnivores
herbivores
autotrophs
carnivores
Multiple Choice: Select the best answer for each question below. Which is not true about food webs?
Food webs show the transfer of energy among organisms
Food webs are more accurate than food chains
Food webs are simpler than food chains
Food webs contain decomposers and scavengers throughout
Multiple Choice: Select the best answer for each question below. If the gene pool of two populations are separated, the populations may develop into a new species. This is called:
natural selection
speciation
genetic separation
interspecific competition
Multiple Choice: Select the best answer for each question below. Twenty different species of galagos, also known as bushbabies, are found in Africa. Even though various species of galagos share habitats, they cannot interbreed with one another because of their differently structured genitalia. Which type of speciation is this?
behavioral isolation
mechanical isolation
temporal isolation
geographic isolation
Multiple Choice: Select the best answer for each question below. An ecologist is discussing two animals’ ability to reproduce with one another. Which is he talking about?
natality
fecundity
fertility
mortality
Multiple Choice: Select the best answer for each question below. Which is not true about animal species?
animals of the same species can interbreed and reproduce
endangered species are in immediate jeopardy of extinction
individual species are well documented on a central registry
some species have been protected through trade restrictions
Multiple Choice: Select the best answer for each question below. Which type of strategists would you expect to have low levels of prenatal care and a short life expectancy?
K Strategists
S Strategists
R Strategists
J Strategists
Multiple Choice: Select the best answer for each question below. Long life expectancy usually correlates with all the following, except:
high levels of prenatal care
larger animals
type 1 & 2 survivorship curve
rapid reproduction
Multiple Choice: Select the best answer for each question below. Which of the following is not a density-dependent factor?
storms
disease
competition
predators
Multiple Choice: Select the best answer for each question below. What causes a J curve to flatten into an S curve?
exponential growth is beginning
the death equals the birth rate
logistic growth is beginning
limiting factors affecting the population
Multiple Choice: Select the best answer for each question below. When a population passes its carrying capacity, which of the following will likely happen?
Natality rates will increase
Competition will decrease
Mortality rates will increase
A population cannot pass its carrying capacity
Multiple Choice: Select the best answer for each question below. Look at the population pyramid described here. The pyramid shows age groups from youngest at the bottom to oldest at the top, with broad bars at the base that narrow with increasing age. The pyramid shows:
an expanding population
a stable population
a declining population
you can’t tell from this information
Multiple Choice: Select the best answer for each question below. A biome is cold, treeless and permanently frozen. Which type of biome is it?
Tundra
Taiga
Alpine
Chaparral
Multiple Choice: Select the best answer for each question below. Which of the following is an example of climate?
There is a cold front coming in this weekend
A snowstorm is forecasted to hit the northeast US this week
It is usually hot in Texas in July
It rained 4 inches last week in Seattle, WA
Multiple Choice: Select the best answer for each question below. Because frogs absorb both oxygen and toxins through their skin, they are very sensitive to air and water quality. This makes them an excellent ______.
keystone species
indicator species
pioneer species
primary species
Multiple Choice: Select the best answer for each question below. Which of the following is not true about mangrove trees?
their leaves excrete excess salt from brackish (mixture of salt and fresh) water
their large roots cause erosion
their roots provide shelter for fish and shark species
mangroves trees are threatened by tourism and shrimp farming
Multiple Choice: Select the best answer for each question below. Which of the following is not an example of secondary succession?
Vegetation growing after a hurricane has destroyed a patch of land
Trees regrowing after deforestation
The recolonization of an area that has been burned by forest fire
The growth of lichens on a newly created volcanic island
Multiple Choice: Select the best answer for each question below. A species that absorbs nutrients primarily from the air rather than soil would likely be ______.
An indicator species
A keystone species
A pioneer species
An endangered species
A small measured area in a forest has 10 individuals present. Each of these individuals is a different species. Which is true about the biodiversity index of this area?
The biodiversity index is 0.1
The biodiversity index is low
The biodiversity index would be higher if there were fewer species among the individuals
The biodiversity index is 1
Which would you expect to find along a line transect?
The edges of an area being researched
A division between habitats
A sampling of organisms found in an area
The total number of organisms in an area
What two measurements are found on a climatogram?
temperature in C and temperature in F
rainfall and vegetation types
temperature and number of species
rainfall and temperature
When drawing a food web, arrows represent
which prey is being eaten by a specific predator.
the flow of energy from one organism to another.
the trophic level of a certain species.
the habitat in which an organism lives.
A carnivore can never be a primary consumer because ...
it feeds on animals rather than on producers.
it only consumes photosynthetic organisms.
it must always occupy the highest trophic level.
it gains energy directly from sunlight.
The frozen part of the hydrosphere is called the ...
cryosphere
lithosphere
biosphere
atmosphere
A food chain shows the flow of ________.
energy
water
rock material
information
All food chains begin with what source of energy?
the Sun
producers
decomposers
heat from Earth’s interior
Using only the organisms listed (weasel, mule deer, grasses, tree frog, mountain lion, raven, pika, oak tree, grasshopper, squirrel), which of the following sequences could appear as links in a correct food web (producer → herbivore → carnivore)? Select all that apply.
grasses → mule deer → mountain lion
oak tree → squirrel → weasel
pika → grasses → raven
grasses → grasshopper → tree frog
oak tree → mountain lion → raven
When a population exceeds its carrying capacity, what is the most likely outcome for the population size?
It decreases or fluctuates downward due to resource limits
It continues growing exponentially without limit
It remains constant at the new higher level
It immediately goes extinct
Horses and donkeys can mate to produce mules, yet horses and donkeys are still considered separate species. What is the main reason for this?
Mules are typically sterile, preventing gene flow between the parent species
Horses and donkeys never coexist in the same habitats
Horses and donkeys have identical DNA sequences
Their hybrid offspring are consistently fertile across generations
Which survivorship curve best represents humans in developed populations?
Type I curve with high survival until old age
Type II curve with constant mortality across all ages
Type III curve with high early mortality and few survivors
A U-shaped curve with highest mortality in midlife
What is a likely result when two species compete for the same limited resources at the same time?
One species outcompetes the other, leading to decline or exclusion of the weaker competitor
Both species immediately double in population size
The interaction becomes mutualistic and benefits both equally
Predation rates on both species increase to balance the system
What type of species has a disproportionately large impact on its habitat, affecting many other species?
Keystone species
Indicator species
Invasive species
Pioneer species
The weather patterns of a particular region over a long period of time are known as what?
Climate
Weather
Microhabitat
Seasonality
The measure of the reflectivity of a surface is called its what?
Albedo
Inertia
Humidity
pH
Name an organism that is usually among the very first to inhabit an area undergoing primary succession.
Lichens
Grasses
Ferns
Oak trees
Primary succession occurs in areas where there is no what?
Soil
Sunlight
Water
Rock
