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Worksheets

FINAL

Total questions: 56

Worksheet time: 28mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which list contains the three major species concepts?

a)

Evolutionary, Hybrid, Reproductive

b)

Morphological, Biological, Phylogenetic

c)

Ecological, Temporal, Genetic

d)

Natural, Synthetic, Adaptive

2.

The Morphological Species Concept classifies species based on:

a)

DNA sequences

b)

Geographic range

c)

Physical traits

d)

Behavior

3.

The Biological Species Concept focuses on:

a)

Physical similarity

b)

Ability to interbreed and produce fertile offspring

c)

Shared behavior

d)

Habitat

4.

The Phylogenetic Species Concept emphasizes:

a)

Diet

b)

Shared evolutionary ancestry

c)

Mating rituals

d)

Migration

5.

Reproductive Isolating Mechanisms (RIMs) are:

a)

Barriers preventing successful reproduction

b)

Systems of plant reproduction

c)

Climate-based pressures

d)

Food-based competition

6.

Which is a Prezygotic barrier?

a)

Hybrid sterility

b)

Hybrid breakdown

c)

Mechanical isolation

d)

Reduced hybrid viability

7.

Which is a Postzygotic barrier?

a)

Behavioral isolation

b)

Temporal isolation

c)

Gametic isolation

d)

Hybrid sterility

8.

Allopatric speciation happens when:

a)

Species share the same habitat

b)

Geographic separation isolates populations

c)

New predators appear

d)

Climate changes

9.

Sympatric speciation happens when:

a)

Populations separate physically

b)

New species arise in the same area

c)

Volcanoes isolate areas

d)

Species migrate

10.

Polyploidy in plants causes speciation because it:

a)

Slows reproduction

b)

Makes plants smaller

c)

Instantly causes reproductive isolation

d)

Removes gene flow barriers

11.

Which organism demonstrates sympatric speciation?

a)

Wolves

b)

Rhagoletis pomonella (apple maggot flies)

c)

Sea lions

d)

Eagles

12.

African cichlids show speciation mainly due to:

a)

Habitat destruction

b)

Seasonal migration

c)

Sexual selection

d)

Pollution

13.

Population density is:

a)

Individuals per unit area

b)

Total land area

c)

Mass of a population

d)

Number of species present

14.

Which is NOT a population distribution pattern?

a)

Clumped

b)

Uniform

c)

Random

d)

Layered

15.

Exponential growth creates a:

a)

S-shaped curve

b)

J-shaped curve

c)

Flat line

d)

Decreasing slope

16.

Logistic growth occurs when:

a)

Carrying capacity is reached

b)

Reproduction stops

c)

Predators increase

d)

Food doubles

17.

Biotic potential is the:

a)

Lowest reproduction rate

b)

Maximum reproduction possible

c)

Speed of migration

d)

Number of feeding levels

18.

Environmental resistance includes:

a)

Unlimited resources

b)

Anything that limits population growth

c)

Increased birth rate

d)

Fast reproduction

19.

Carrying capacity (K) is:

a)

Energy stored in organisms

b)

Maximum population an environment can support

c)

Number of predators

d)

Space available

20.

A Type I survivorship curve is typical of:

a)

Fish

b)

Insects

c)

Humans

d)

Trees

21.

A Type III survivorship curve has:

a)

Low early death rates

b)

Equal chance of dying at all ages

c)

High early mortality

d)

Very long lifespan

22.

Age structure diagrams show:

a)

Energy flow

b)

Climate change

c)

Population by age and sex

d)

Predator cycles

23.

r-strategists:

a)

Have few offspring

b)

Provide lots of parental care

c)

Reproduce quickly with many offspring

d)

Have long lifespans

24.

K-strategists:

a)

Produce many offspring

b)

Reproduce quickly

c)

Have few offspring with high parental care

d)

Are short-lived

25.

A density-dependent factor is:

a)

Hurricanes

b)

Fires

c)

Disease

d)

Temperature

26.

A density-independent factor is:

a)

Parasitism

b)

Competition

c)

Natural disasters

d)

Disease

27.

A habitat is:

a)

An organism’s role

b)

A physical place where an organism lives

c)

What an organism eats

d)

A group of predators

28.

An ecological niche is:

a)

Only a habitat

b)

A species’ role and interactions

c)

A symbiotic relationship

d)

A predator-prey system

29.

Interspecific competition is:

a)

Competition within one species

b)

Competition between two species

c)

Predation

d)

Parasitism

30.

Competitive exclusion principle says:

a)

Two species can share the same niche forever

b)

One species always goes extinct

c)

No two species can occupy the same niche long-term

d)

Predators eliminate competition

31.

Resource partitioning means species:

a)

Compete equally

b)

Share slightly different resources

c)

Do not evolve

d)

Live in the same habitat

32.

Character displacement occurs when species:

a)

Become identical

b)

Move to new habitats

c)

Evolve differences to reduce competition

d)

Share predators

33.

Predator-prey cycles show:

a)

Prey lag behind predators

b)

Predator populations lag behind prey

c)

No relationship

d)

Constant numbers

34.

Batesian mimicry is when:

a)

A harmful species mimics another harmful species

b)

A harmless species mimics a harmful one

c)

A predator mimics prey

d)

Plants mimic animals

35.

Müllerian mimicry is when:

a)

Two harmful species mimic each other

b)

A harmless species mimics a harmful one

c)

A predator mimics prey

d)

A parasite mimics its host

36.

Mutualism means:

a)

One benefits, one is harmed

b)

Both benefit

c)

One benefits, one unaffected

d)

Both harmed

37.

Commensalism means:

a)

One benefits, one killed

b)

Both harmed

c)

One benefits, one unaffected

d)

Both benefit

38.

Parasitism means:

a)

One benefits, one harmed

b)

Both harmed

c)

Both benefit

d)

Neither benefit

39.

Primary succession occurs in:

a)

Forests after fires

b)

Areas with soil

c)

Bare rock with no soil

d)

Wetlands only

40.

Secondary succession occurs when:

a)

Soil is present after disturbance

b)

No soil exists

c)

Volcanoes erupt

d)

Earthquakes split land

41.

An ecosystem includes:

a)

Only living things

b)

Only nonliving things

c)

Living things + environment

d)

Producers only

42.

Producers:

a)

Eat consumers

b)

Break down waste

c)

Make their own food

d)

Migrate

43.

Consumers:

a)

Make food

b)

Eat other organisms

c)

Absorb sunlight

d)

Fix nitrogen

44.

Decomposers:

a)

Photosynthesize

b)

Break down dead organisms

c)

Pollinate plants

d)

Store energy

45.

A food chain shows:

a)

All possible feeding paths

b)

One simple energy path

c)

A predator-prey cycle

d)

Trophic pyramids

46.

A food web shows:

a)

One feeding path

b)

All connected feeding relationships

c)

Weather patterns

d)

Population density

47.

Trophic levels refer to:

a)

Water cycles

b)

Feeding positions in a food chain

c)

Latitude differences

d)

Growth curves

48.

The pyramid that never inverts is the:

a)

Pyramid of biomass

b)

Pyramid of numbers

c)

Pyramid of energy

d)

Pyramid of competition

49.

The 10% rule states:

a)

Only 10% of organisms survive

b)

10% of energy moves to the next trophic level

c)

10% of species go extinct yearly

d)

10% of water evaporates

50.

The water cycle includes:

a)

Evaporation → condensation → precipitation → runoff

b)

Photosynthesis → respiration

c)

Erosion → deposition

d)

Nitrogen fixation

51.

The carbon cycle involves:

a)

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria

b)

Photosynthesis and respiration

c)

Only combustion

d)

Only oceans

52.

The nitrogen cycle depends on:

a)

Wind

b)

Bacteria

c)

Photosynthesis

d)

Humidity

53.

The greenhouse effect happens because:

a)

Oceans cool Earth

b)

Heat-trapping gases build up

c)

Earth moves closer to the sun

d)

Plants release methane

54.

Evidence of global warming includes:

a)

Falling sea levels

b)

Melting ice + increased temperatures

c)

Less CO₂

d)

Fewer storms

55.

Which is a renewable energy source?

a)

Coal

b)

Oil

c)

Wind

d)

Natural gas

56.

Sustainability means:

a)

Using resources responsibly without depleting them

b)

Using all fossil fuels

c)

Eliminating energy use

d)

Preventing plant growth